RESULTS

For temperature 40oC

Table 1.0 : The volume of NaOH solution titrated at 40oC.
Volume of NaOH
Time (min)

used for titration

CA (mol/L)

1/CA (L/mol)

1
5
10
15
20
25

(mL)
18.4
18.5
18.5
18.9
19.0
19.1

0.0132
0.0130
0.0130
0.0122
0.0120
0.0118

75.757
76.923
76.923
81.967
83.333
84.745

1/CA vs Time
86

84.75
f(x) = 0.41x +
74.77
83.33
R = 0.9381.97

84
82
80
1/CA (L/mol)

1/CA (L/mol)

78

76.92
76.92
75.76

76

Linear (1/CA (L/mol))

74
72
70
0

5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (min)

Figure 1.0: graph of 1/CA vs time

Value of k based on the slope = 0.4085 L/mol.min and the order of reaction is 2nd order.

For temperature 50oC

Table 1.1 : The volume of NaOH solution titrated at 50oC.

Volume of NaOH
Time (min)

used for titration

CA (mol/L)

1/CA (L/mol)

(mL)
21.8

156.250

21.8

0.0064
0.0064

5
10

22.0

0.0060

166.667

15

22.7

0.0046

217.391

20

23.0

0.0040

250.000

25

22.6

0.0048

208.333

156.250

1/CA vs Time
300
250
200
1/CA (L/mol)

150

250
217.39
f(x) = 3.5x
+ 148.21
208.33
R = 0.68
166.67
156.25
156.25

1/CA (L/mol)
Linear (1/CA (L/mol))

100
50
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (min)

Figure 1.1: graph of 1/CA vs time

Value of k based on the slope = 3.4953 L/mol.min and the order of reaction is 2nd order.

For temperature 60oC

Table 1.2 : The volume of NaOH solution titrated at 60oC.

Volume of NaOH
Time (min)

used for titration

CA (mol/L)

1/CA (L/mol)

(mL)
1

22.6

0.0048

208.333

0.0046

217.391

10

22.7
22.7

0.0046

217.391

15

22.7

0.0046

217.391

20

22.7

0.0046

217.391

25

23.3

0.0034

294.117

1/CA vs Time
350
300
250
200
1/CA (L/mol) 150

294.12
f(x)
=217.39
2.55x
+ 196.43
217.39
217.39
217.39
208.33
R = 0.51

1/CA (L/mol)
Linear (1/CA (L/mol))

100
50
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (min)

Figure 1.2: graph of 1/CA vs time

Value of k based on the slope = 2.5451 L/mol.min and the order of reaction is 2nd order.

Table 2 : Calculated values of k, -rA, ln k and 1/T

Specific
Temperature, T

reaction rate

(K)

constant, k

313
323
333

(L/mol.min)
0.4085
3.4953
2.5451

Rate of
reaction, -rA

ln k (L/mol.min)

1/T (K-1)

-0.8953
1.2514
0.9341

0.00319
0.00309
0.00300

(mol/min.L)
0.000071
0.022369
0.012216

ln k vs 1/T
1.4
1.25
f(x) = - 1.25x + 2.5
R = 1
0.93

1.2
1

Linear ()

0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0.8

0
1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.2

SAMPLE OF CALCULATIONS
To calculate CA at 40OC at 1 min
Volume of unreacted quenching HCl, V1 :
V1 = (CNaOH / CHCl) x /Volume of titrated NaOH
= ( 0.1 mol L-1 / 0.25 mol L-1 ) x 18.4 mL
= 7.36 mL
Volume of HCl reacted, V2 :
V2 = VHCl - V1
= 10 mL 7.36 mL
= 2.64 mL
Moles of reacted HCl, n1 :
n1 = CHCl x V2
= 0.25 mol/L x 2.64 mL x 1 L / 1000 mL
= 0.00066 mol
Moles of unreacted NaOH in sample, n2 :
N 2 = n1
= 0.00066 mol
Concentration of unreacted NaOH, CNaOH :
CNaOH unreacted = n2 / volume sample
= 0.00066 mol/ 0.05 L
= 0.0132 mol/ L

1/CA = 1/0.018 L/mol

= 75.757
To find specific reaction rate constant, k
From the slope of the graph.
To calculate the rate of reaction, -rA
-rA
= kCA2
= (0.4085 L/mol.min) x (0.0132mol/L)2
= 0.000071 mol/L.min
To calculate the activation energy from the reaction Ea
From the graph ln k vs 1/T, the equation for the best fit of the data is
y = -1.2483x + 2.4997
ln k = -1.2483 (1/T) + 2.4997
and the slope of the line given is
- Ea/R = -1.2483K
Ea
= 1.2483 K (8.314 J/mol.K)
= 10.3783 J/mol
Activation energy from Arrhenius equation
ln (k2/k1) = E/R (1/T1-1/T2)
ln (2.5451 /3.4953)/ (1/323 - 1/333) = E/(8.314)
E = -28369.87 J/mol