You are on page 1of 4



'HYHORSLQJDQG3URPRWLQJ2.33URGXFWLRQ6\VWHP$-,73URGXFWLRQ
3ODQQLQJ$SSURDFK




0HKUDQ6DPDYDWL 
'HSDUWPHQWRI,QGXVWULDO(QJLQHHULQJ)DFXOW\RI0HFKDQLF7DEUL]8QLYHUVLW\,UDQ
$%675$&7

7KHUROHRISURGXFWLRQLQFRPSHWLWLYHV\VWHPRIPDUNHWRQRQHKDQGDQGWKHFKDQJLQJFRQGLWLRQVRIPDUNHWRQWKHRWKHU
KDQG KDV FDXVHG WKH QHHG IRU PRUH GHYHORSHG SODQQLQJ LQ VXFK HQYLURQPHQWV 7KH JHQHUDO SXUSRVH RI WKH SUHVHQW
UHVHDUFKLVWRUHDOL]H2QHRID.LQG3URGXFWPRGHO 2.3 WKDWLVGHYHORSHGLQWZRVWDJHV,Q2.3PRGHOSUHVHQWHGLQ
RQO\RQHVDPSOHRIHDFKSURGXFWLVSURGXFHGDQGRQO\RQHSURGXFWLRQPHWKRGLVFRQVLGHUHGIRUHDFKSURGXFW,Q
RUGHUWRPDNH2.3PRGHOPRUHUHDODQGWRXVHLWLQSURPRWLQJPRUHSURGXFWLRQPHWKRGVWKHIROORZLQJGHYHORSPHQWV
ZHUHPDGHLQWKLVUHVHDUFK
)LUVW'HYHORSPHQW&RQVLGHULQJYDULRXVPHWKRGVIRUSURGXFLQJHDFKSURGXFW
6HFRQG 'HYHORSPHQW 3URGXFLQJ PRUH WKDQ RQH VDPSOH RI HDFK SURGXFW ZKLOH FRQVLGHULQJ YDULRXV SURGXFWLRQ
PHWKRGVIRUHDFKSURGXFW
7KHVH PRGHOV SURPRWHG 2.3 PRGHO RI  7KH\ FDQ EH XVHG LQ PRUH GLYHUVLILHG SURGXFWLRQ PHWKRGV LQ RUGHU WR
SURPRWH WKHP ,Q SUHVHQW PRGHO ZKLOH GHVFULELQJ WKH PDLQ 2.3 PRGHO QHZ PRGHOV DUH SURYLGHG DV ZHOO 7KH
VLJQLILFDQFHRI2.3KDVEHHQGHVFULEHGLQ,QWURGXFWLRQ
.H\ZRUGV2QHRIDNLQGSURGXFW 2.3 -XVWLQWLPH -,7 SURJUDPPLQJ(DUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVVSURGXFWLRQSODQQLQJ
/LQHDUSURJUDPPLQJ


,1752'8&7,21

6LQFHWKHHPHUJHQFHRI-XVWLQWLPHSKLORVRSK\LQ-DSDQWLPLQJEDVHGRQHDUOLQHVV7DUGLQHVVDQGSODQQLQJLVVXHVZHUH
FRQVLGHUHGE\UHVHDUFKHUV6LQFHWKHHFRQRPLFDGMXVWPHQWVLQ&KLQDVRPHSURGXFWLRQLQVWLWXWHVFKDQJHGWKHLUSXUSRVH
IURP KLJK RXWSXW WR KLJK TXDOLW\ VHUYLFHV 7KHUHIRUH WKH SURGXFWLRQ WLPH FKDQJHG LQWR DQ LPSRUWDQW LVVXH LQ
RUJDQL]DWLRQDO PDQDJHPHQW 7KH VLJQLILFDQFH RI KLV LVVXH LV EHFDXVH RI WKH FRVWV LPSRVHG RQ WKH FRPSDQ\ LQ FDVH RI
JRRGVHUYLFHV SURGXFWLRQ LQ DQ LPSURSHU WLPH *OREDO FRPSHWLWLRQ LV IRUFLQJ PDQXIDFWXULQJ FRPSDQLHV WR GHYHORS WKH
DELOLW\ WR TXLFNO\ SURGXFH FXVWRPL]HG RU HYHQ 2.3 SURGXFWV RI KLJK TXDOLW\ DW FRPSHWLWLYH SULFHV 7KH  IHDWXUHV DQG
FKDUDFWHULVWLFVRI2.3KDVEHHQZHOOGLVFXVVHGE\DQXPEHURIDXWKRUV,QSUDFWLFHDQ2.3FRPSDQ\FRXOGEHORRVHO\
XQGHUVWRRG DV DQ DGYDQFHG MREELQJ VKRS ZKLFK SURYLGHV GLIIHUHQW VHUYLFHV BRU FXVWRPL]HG SURGXFWV LQ D FHUWDLQ
PDQXIDFWXULQJGRPDLQBLH.LQGLQ2.3HJDVKLSEXLOGLQJPDQXIDFWXUHUDVWHHOIUDPHIDEULFDWRUDPRXOGHUWRRO
PDQXIDFWXUHU D PHWDOFXWWLQJ PDFKLQH VKRS HWF 7KH QHHG IRU TXLFNO\ FDSWXULQJ PDUNHWLQJ RSSRUWXQLWLHV DQG HDUO\
UHVSRQVHWRWKHFXVWRPHUVGHPDQGVFRQWLQXRXVFXVWRPHULQIOXHQFHXSRQSURGXFWLRQWKHRSWLPDOVHOHFWLRQRISDUWQHUV
DQGSDUWQHUV\QWKHVLVWYLUWXDOPDQXIDFWXULQJ7KHSXUSRVHRI2.3PRGHORILVWRPLQLPL]HWKHHDUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVV
FRVWV WKURXJK SURGXFLQJ MXVW RQH VDPSOH RI HDFK SURGXFW 7KH SURGXFWLRQ PHWKRG RI YDULRXV SURGXFWV LV WKH VDPH ,Q
RUGHU WR SURPRWH DQG UHDOL]H  WKH PRGHO WKLV PRGHO LV GHYHORSHG LQ WZR ZD\V )LUVW 'HYHORSHG 0RGHO 'LIIHUHQW
SURGXFWLRQPHWKRGVRIWKHVDPHSURGXFWVHFRQG'HYHORSHG0RGHO,QDGGLWLRQWRILUVWGHYHORSHGPRGHOPRUHWKDQ
RQH VDPSOH RI HDFK SURGXFW LV SURGXFHG 7KH SXUSRVH RI ILUVW FDVH LV WR UHPRYH WKH OLPLWHG QXPEHU RI SURGXFWLRQ
PHWKRGV7KHSXUSRVHRIVHFRQGFDVHLVWRUHPRYHWKHOLPLWHGQXPEHURIHDFKSURGXFWSURGXFHG7KHPDLQ2.3PRGHO
XVHV -,7 DSSURDFK LQ RUGHU WR FRQWURO WKH SURGXFWLRQ 7KHUHIRUH WKH SUHVHQW SDSHU XVHV -,7 DSSURDFK DV ZHOO :KLOH
SUHVHUYLQJWKHDLPRI2.3SUREOHPWKHSUHVHQWSDSHUSURPRWHVWKHVDLGPRGHOLHWKHPDLQSXUSRVHLVWRPLQLPL]HWKH
HDUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVVFRVWV%XWZHKDYHUHPRYHGWKHOLPLWVRIPRGHOWKURXJKFKDQJLQJWKHERG\VWUXFWXUHRIWKHVDLG
PRGHO 7KH QHZ PRGHO PD\ EH XVHG LQ SODQQLQJ YDULRXV LQGXVWULHV LQ RUGHU WR SURPRWH WKHP ,W KDV PRUH FDSDELOLWLHV
FRPSDUHGZLWKWKHILUVWPRGHOIRUH[DPSOHLQDLUSODQHSURGXFWLRQLQGXVWU\ DYLDWLRQ 
)RUWKHSXUSRVHRIVHFRQGGHYHORSPHQWWKHPRGHOSURYLGHGLQDQRWKHUSDSHUKDVEHHQXVHG:HVKDOOGHVFULEHILUVWO\
2.3DQGLWVGHYHORSHGPRGHO7KHQZHVKDOOSURYLGHWKHPRGHOVRIVXFKSUREOHPV7KHFRQFOXVLRQVVKDOOEHSURYLGHGLQ
WKHHQG




(PDLO0HKUDQBVDPDYDWL#\DKRRFRP

International Conference on Graphic and Image Processing (ICGIP 2011), edited by Yi Xie, Yanjun Zheng,
Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8285, 82853D 2011 SPIE CCC code: 0277-786X/11/$18 doi: 10.1117/12.914385

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8285 82853D-1


Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 11/29/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/termsofuse.aspx


352%/(0'(6&5,37,21
2.33UREOHP
6XSSRVHWKDWDSURGXFHUZRUNLQJZLWK2.3V\VWHPZDQWVWRSURGXFHQSURGXFWVLQQH[WSURGXFWLRQKRUL]RQ>7@7KHVH
SURGXFWVGLIIHUUHJDUGLQJWKHLUVWDQGDUGVVDOHSULFHVKDSH1RSURGXFWVKDOOUHSODFHDQRWKHUSURGXFW7KHIROORZLQJV
DUH GHWHUPLQHG EDVHG RQ WKH FXVWRPHUV RUGHU WKH FRQWUDFWV YDOXH IRU  L WK RUGHU LV TL   Q WKH L WK RUGHU KDV
GHOLYHU\GHDGOLQHRIHLFRQVLGHULQJWKHSURGXFWLRQWHFKQLTXHVZHNQRZWKDWHYHU\SURGXFWPXVWSDVVWKURXJKPVWDJHV
7KH PDQXIDFWXULQJWLPHVSDQ RILWKSURGXFWLVSL7KHUHTXLUHGFDSDFLW\RISURGXFWL IRUVWDJHMLQNWKSURGXFWLRQ
SHULRG LV L  Q M  P N SL ,Q WKH SODQQLQJ KRUL]RQ WKH FDSDFLW\ IRU MWK VWDJH LQ SHULRG W LV W 
7DQGM PEHFDXVHRIYDULRXVSURGXFWLRQGHVLJQLQJVWDJHVWKHRUGHUVFDQQRWEHSURFHVVHGXQWLOWKHHDUOLHVW
VWDUWLQJWLPH]L,WVVXSSRVHGWKDWWKHSURGXFWLRQV\VWHPLVFRQVLVWHQW,WPHDQVWKDWSDUWSURGXFWLRQLVFRQVWDQWO\FDUULHG
RXWXSWRFRPSOHWLRQVWDJHZLWKRXWDQ\EUHDN,QWKLVPRGHOHDUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVVGXWLHVVKDOOEHERUQE\WKHSURGXFHU:H
FRQVLGHUDQGDVHDUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVVGXWLHVLQHDFKSHULRG7KHUHIRUHWKHHDUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVVFRVWVRIHDFKSURGXFW L
L VKDOOEHDVIROORZV
L TLL TLL Q

)LUVWGHYHORSHGSUREOHP
7KHSDUDPHWHUVDQGVXSSRVHGLWHPVDUHWKHVDPHDVWKRVHPHQWLRQHGLQSUHYLRXVSUREOHP,QWKLVSUREOHPWKHSURGXFWV
DUHSURGXFHGE\WKHVDPHPHWKRG
6HFRQGGHYHORSHGSUREOHP
,QWKLVSUREOHP ZKLOHSUHVHUYLQJWKHILUVWGHYHORSHGSUREOHPZHKDYHUHPRYHGWKHSURGXFWLRQOLPLWRISURGXFLQJRQH
VDPSOH RI HDFK SURGXFW ,Q RWKHU ZRUGV ZH FDQ SURGXFH VHYHUDO QXPEHUV RI WKH VDPH SURGXFW 7KH XQPHQWLRQHG
SDUDPHWHUVDUHWKHVDPHDVWKRVHRIWKHPDLQSUREOHP
7KLVILJXUHVKRZWKHFRPSDULVRQRIFXVWRPHUVDWLVIDFWLRQGXULQJWKHWLPHLQHDUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVVZLQGRZ


&XVWRPHUVDWLVIDFWLRQ














7LPH
H

O


3529,',1*7+(02'(/6

)LUVWGHYHORSHGPRGHO
,QWKLVPRGHO LVWKHWLPHUHTXLUHGIRUSURGXFWLRQRILWKSURGXFWLISURGXFHGE\WKPHWKRG7KHUHVRXUFHMXVHGIRU
SURGXFWLRQRILWKSURGXFWLQNWKSHULRGEDVHGRQWKPHWKRGLV 
LVWKHFDSDFLW\DYDLODEOHLQMWKVWDJHIRUWKPHWKRGLQSHULRGW7KHHDUOLHVWVWDUWLQJWLPHIRUSURGXFLQJLWKSURGXFW
E\WKPHWKRGVKDOOEH 
LVD YDULDEOHWKDWZLOOHTXDOLIWKHSURGXFWLLVSURGXFHGE\PHWKRGMLQSHULRGW
,QWKLVPRGHOWKHUHLV QXPEHURISURGXFWLRQPHWKRGVIRUSURGXFLQJHDFKSURGXFW(DFK SURGXFWLRQPHWKRGKDV 
VWDJHV6WDJHVRIYDULRXVPHWKRGVDUHGLIIHUHQW7KHPRGHOLVDVIROORZV







VW
 


Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8285 82853D-2


Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 11/29/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/termsofuse.aspx



   








  



,QWKLVPRGHOWKHREMHFWLYHIXQFWLRQLVWRPLQLPL]HWKHWRWDOHDUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVVSHQDOWLHV7KHILUVWOLPLWDWLRQH[SUHVVHV
WKDWHDFKSURGXFWZLOOEHSURGXFHGRQFHDQGE\RQHPHWKRG7KHVHFRQGOLPLWDWLRQH[SORUHVWKHOLPLWHGPDQXIDFWXULQJ
FDSDFLW\DQGWKHWKLUGOLPLWDWLRQH[SUHVVHVWKDWSURGXFWLRQRIHDFKSURGXFWVKRXOGQWEHVWDUWHGEHIRUHDHDUOLHVWVWDUWLQJ
WLPH
6HFRQGGHYHORSHGPRGHO
,QWKLVPRGHO LVDQDPRXQWRIWKHLWKSURGXFWUHPDLQHGDWWKHEHJLQQLQJRISHULRG
 LVWKHDPRXQWRILWKSURGXFWSURGXFHGE\WKPHWKRGZLWKLQSHULRGW7KHGHPDQGIRULWKSURGXFWLQSHULRGWLV

LVWKHDPRXQWRIUHVRXUFHXVHGE\HDFKSURGXFWLWKURXJKPHWKRGLQVWDJHM7KHPRGHOLVDVIROORZV



 


 













7KH REMHFWLYH IXQFWLRQ LV WR PLQLPL]H WKH WRWDO HDUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVV SHQDOWLHV 7KH ILUVW OLPLWDWLRQ H[SUHVVHV WKDW XVHG
VRXUFHVVKRXOGQWEHPRUHWKDQDYDLODEOHFDSDFLW\DQGWKHVHFRQGOLPLWDWLRQH[SUHVVHVWKDWDPRXQWRISURGXFWLRQLQHDFK
SHULRGVKRXOGEHQRQQHJDWLYH


&21&/86,216

7KHSUHVHQWUHVHDUFKVWXGLHVWKHGHYHORSPHQWDQGSURPRWLRQRIWKH2.3 PRGHO7KHGHYHORSPHQWV KDYHUHPRYHGWKH


OLPLWDWLRQVRIWKLV PRGHO,QWKHROG2.3RQO\RQHVDPSOHRIHDFKSURGXFWZDVSURGXFHGDQGWKHSURGXFWLRQPHWKRGV
ZHUHWKHVDPHIRUDOOSURGXFWV7KLVFDXVHGWKHDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKLVPRGHORQO\LQVSHFLILFLQGXVWULHV,WODFNHGHIILFLHQF\
IRU WKH SURPRWLRQ RI SUHVHQW LQGXVWULHV 7KH PRGHOV SURYLGHG LQ WKLV SDSHU PD\ EH XVHG LQ PRUH LQGXVWULHV VXFK DV
DLUSODQH SURGXFWLRQ LQGXVWU\ 7KH EDVLV RI DLUSODQH SURGXFWLRQ LV VLPLODU WR WKH PDLQ 2.3 SUREOHP %XW WKH PRGHOV
SURYLGHGLQWKLVSDSHUFDQEHXVHGLQWKLVLQGXVWU\EHFDXVHRIYDULRXVSURGXFWLRQPHWKRGVDQGDOVRSURGXFWLRQRIPRUH
WKDQVDPSOHRIHDFKDLUSODQH
:HVROYHGDSUREOHPE\OLQJRVRIWZDUHDQGWKHUHVXOWLVDVIROORZ
3UREOHPGDWD
3URGXFW O  
'HPDQG G  




Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8285 82853D-3


Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 11/29/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/termsofuse.aspx


1HHGV Z 
&DSDFLW\ 5  

5HVXOWV
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  
3  

5()(5(1&(

>@ :DQJ' (DUOLQHVV7DUGLQHVV SURGXFWLRQ SODQQLQJ DSSURDFKHV IRU PDQXIDFWXULQJ V\VWHPV ,QW - 3URGXFWLRQ
(FRQRPLFV  
>@ :DQJ' (DUOLQHVV7DUGLQHVV SURGXFWLRQ SODQQLQJ DSSURDFKHV ZLWK GXHZLQGRZ IRU PDQXIDFWXULQJ V\VWHPV
'HSDUWPHQW RI V\VWHPV HQJLQHHULQJ &ROOHJH RI LQIRUPDWLRQ VFLHQFH DQG HQJLQHHULQJ 1RUWKHDVWHUQ XQLYHUVLW\
MDQXDU\  
>@:DQJ'-,7SURGXFWLRQSODQQLQJDSSURDFKHVZLWKID]]\GXHGDWHIRU2.3PDQXIDFWXULQJV\VWHPV'HSDUWPHQWRI
V\VWHPVHQJLQHHULQJFROOHJHRILQIRUPDWLRQVFLHQFHDQGHQJLQHHULQJ1RUWKHDVWHUQXQLYHUVLW\  
>@:LJKW20DQXIDFWXULQJ5HVRXUFH3ODQQLQJ053,,2OLYHU3XEOLFDWLRQ1HZ<RUN  
>@ *UDYHV 6& 8VLQJ /DJUDQJHDQ WHFKQLTXHV WR VROYH KLHUDUFKLFDO SURGXFWLRQ SODQQLQJ SUREOHPV 0DQDJHPHQW
6FLHQFH  
>@6XJLPRUL<.XVXQRNL.&KR.8FKLNDD.7R\RWDSURGXFWLRQV\VWHPDQGNDQEDQV\VWHPPDWHULDOL]DWLRQRI
MXVWLQWLPHDQGUHVSHFWIRUKXPDQV\VWHP,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI3URGXFWLRQ5HVHDUFK  
>@+DR4=KHQJ%/:DQJ'<DQJ=+(DUOLQHVVWDUGLQHVVSURGXFWLRQSODQQLQJIRUDMREORWPDQXIDFWXULQJ
SODQW 3URFHHGLQJV RI WKH WK ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH RQ &RPSXW  ,QG (QJQJ $VKLNDJD -DSDQ  
  
>@:DQJ'&KHQ;/L<([SHULPHQWDOSXVKSXOOSURGXFWLRQSODQQLQJDQGFRQWUROV\VWHP3URGXFWLRQ3ODQQLQJ
DQG&RQWURO  
>@ &KHQJ 7&( 2SWLPDO FRPPRQ GXH GDWH ZLWK OLPLWHG FRPSOHWLRQ WLPH GHYLDWLRQ &RPSXWHUV DQG 2SHUDWLRQV
5HVHDUFK  
>@ /HH &< (DUOLQHVV DQG WDUGLQHVV VFKHGXOLQJ SUREOHPV ZLWK FRQVWDQW VL]H RI GXHGDWH ZLQGRZ 'HSDUWPHQW RI
LQGXVWULDODQGV\VWHPVHQJLQHHULQJ:RUNLQJ3DSHU8QLYHUVLW\RI)ORULGD*DLQHVYLOOH  
>@4LDQ6'2SHUDWLRQDOUHVHDUFK7VLQJ+XD8QLYHUVLW\3XEOLFDWLRQV%HLMLQJ  
>@:LOOLDPV+30RGHO%XLOGLQJLQ0DWKHPDWLFDO3URJUDPPLQJ:LOH\1HZ<RUN  
>@ $OWLQJ/ + =KDQJ &RPSXWHU DLGHG SURFHVV SODQQLQJ WKH VWDWHRIWKH DUW VXUYH\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI
3URGXFWLRQ5HVHDUFKB  

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 8285 82853D-4


Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 11/29/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/termsofuse.aspx

You might also like