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Power Transformer Protection PDF
Power Transformer Protection PDF
Overload protection
Overvoltage protection
> 10 % overvoltage damages the transformer (saturation)
U/f control
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
P1
P2
110/20 kV
P2
P1
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
Supply to the
high-voltage
side winding
Supply to the
low-voltage
side winding
7N
12N
0.10.2
5N
9N
0.20.5
10
4N
8N
0.51.0
50
3,5N
7,5N
1.27.2
Transformer overexcitation
Voltage rise of the transformer supply (load drop)
U/f, voltage rise causes an increase in the excitation
current; an increase in harmonics in the differential current
Identification from the 5th current harmonic
Detection from the current curve form:
During the cycle, there are two periods, during which the
differential current is of the magnitude of the normal
excitation current.
9
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
U
/%
Un
Im
/%
In
I1 f
Im
/%
I3 f
I1 f
/%
I5 f
I1 f
/%
100
<1
93
34
24
110
76
67
48
120
72
76
54
130
25
76
73
44
140
46
80
68
32
150
70
84
62
22
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
10
11
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
12
Time / ms
Magnetic flux density of the core of a current transformer, when there is a high
short-circuit current including a DC component in the primary
(Bs 2.1 T and
13
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
Secondary current
Time / ms
Primary and secondary current of a current transformer saturated by a large DC
component. The primary current is referred to the secondary of the current
transformer.
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
14
Delaying of samples
small delay
15
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
Clock
reading
0
1
2
(3)
4
5
6
7
8
(9)
10
11
Primary current
Delay
Factor
0
(1/12) NS
(2/12) NS
(3/12) NS
0
0
0
(1/12) NS
(2/12) NS
(0)
0
0
1
1
1
(1)
-1
-1
-1
1
1
(1)
1
1
Secondary current
Delay
Factor
0
0
0
(0)
(2/12) NS
(1/12) NS
0
0
0
((3/12) NS)
(2/12) NS
(1/12) NS
J.Partanen
www.ee.lut.fi/fi/lab/sahkomarkkina/
1
1
1
(1)
1
1
1
-1
-1
(1)
1
1
16