ahakath

O. H. Pind Buddhaghosa His works and scholarly

background

ahakathBuddhaghosa
Majjhima Nikya

-2-

Ahakath

2
ahakath
( atthakath)Pli English Dictionary ( PED)
exposition of the sense, explanation, commentary 3 (
)PED
M. Coze A Dictionary of Pli( DOP)
PED ahakath
(pi)
4 ahakath M. Coze
arthavda(Brhmaa) 5

A Critical Pli Dictionary (

CPD) AB
A

Mahinda

T25, no.1505
T25, no.1508

PED, p.24a.

DOP, Vol. I, p.50b: as opposed to the text, pi; the early commentaries used by
Buddhaghosa etc and the commentaries compiled by Buddhaghosa etc.

Maurice Winternitz, A History of Indian Literature. vol. I, p.187.

-3-

[] 6
B

k mla-k,
pura-kmah-k, anuk, navak, or abhinava-k

CPD A)
8

ahakath 9 B)

k k
anuk k 10

11 M. Winternitz

12

CPD vol.I, p.64: the general name for the oldest Ct.s on the Pli Canon, said to have
been composed at the first Council, and to have been rehearsed at the 2d and 3d Council,
brought to Ceylon by Mahinda, and done into old Sinhalese (Shaabhs), and forming
the chief authority of Buddhaghosa and his school.

CPD vol.I, p.64: the antique Pli commentaries (from Buddhaghosa, etc., representing
the Mahvihra tradition), containing not only verbal-commentary on the holy text (pi),
but also other explanations and expositions; the running commentaries on these
Ahakath, in pure Pli are styled k: mla-k, pura-k(mah-k), anuk,
navak, or abhinava-k.

Mahvasa( 38 )

B.C. Law, The Life and Work of Buddhaghosa.

10

CPD vol.I, P.186.

11

Gandha-vasa, JPTS, Vol. II, p.59.

12

Maurice Winternitz, A History of Indian Literature, Vol.II, p.186-7.

-4-

(Samantapsdik)
(Kakhvitara)(Sumagalavilsin)
(Papacasdan)
(Sratthappaksin)
(Manorathapra)

13
(Dhammasagai-ahakath,
Vibhaga-ahakath, pacappakaraa- ahaka-th)
14
CPD O. H. Pind

(Dhammasanga)
Atthaslin
Pind
Atthaslin
gamahakath

Mahhakath gamahakath
Pind gamahakath

Atthaslin
Atthaslin

Khuddakapha- ahakath
(Paramatthajotik I) Suttanipta-ahakath (Paramatthajotik II)
13

93

14

Dhammasagai AhslinVibhaga
Sammohavinodan,
pacappakaraa-ahakath. .P. V. Bapat(1990) O. H. Pind(1992)
Dhammasagai Ahslin (1997)

-5-

Khakhvitara
15

(old layer)(new layer)

K. R. Norman 16
Mahvastu

17

18
No.135
(Cakammavibhaga Sutta)

15

O. H. Pind, Buddhaghosa His works and scholarly background, p.135-136.

16

K. R. Norman, Buddhism and the commentarial trandition, p.149-166.

17

12

18

(stavana)
(stavana)

-6-

Todeyyaputto
19
20

21

puratthimya disya Kajagala

nma nigamo

antaragharaNo.77 (Mahasakuludayi Sutta) No.124.

(Bakkula Sutta)
19

MNA V, p.8-10. 8 DNA II, 25

20

T01, no.78T01, no.79T01, no.80

T01, no.81

21

52

-7-

22
No.115(Bahudhtuka Sutta)
Kasm pana apubba
acarima kyaduccaritasamangti di
vuttam

23

(shaahakath)
O. H. Pind Buddhaghosa His works and scholarly
background

24 Pind
R. O. Franke
(Dpavasa)

Mah-ahakath (s hi Mah-ahakathya sram dya

22

MNA III, p.240: antaragharanti Brahmyusutte ummrato pahya antaragharam idha

indakhlato pahya adhippetam. MNA IV, p.194: Antaraghare ti Mahsakuludyisutte
indakhlato pahya antargharam nma; idha nimbodakapatanahnato pahya
adhippetam.

23

24

MNA I, p.1: apanetvna tatoha shaabhsa manorama bhsa.

tantinaynucchavika ropento vigatadosa.()

-8-

nihit) Mlahakath
(mlahakathsra dya may ima karontena)
Mah-ahakath Mlahakath
(shaahakath) Pind
ka
(Dhammapla)
Mlahakath

(porahakath)

(mlakahakathsranti porahakathsu atthasra)

Buddhamitta Mah-ahakathmahpaccar
kurund 25
26
Pind
184 Ugghitpi hi itth purisassa citta pariydya
tihatti majjhimahakathya vutta.
Pind

itth bhikkhave ugghtit pi hi

itth purisassa citta pariydya tihati27 Pind

ugghit( ugghtit)

ugghit
Pind

25

VA V, p.300: Mah-ahakathaceva mahpaccarimevaca; kurundicti tissopi,

shaahakath im; Buddhamittoti nmena, vissutassa yasassino.

26

Andhakahakath
Sakhepahakath 174

27

ANA III, p.68.

-9-

Pind Pind

Pind

Pind

Pind

28

Jayawickrama 29

28

I.B. Honer Bhikkhu Bodhi

Bhikkhu Bodhi
The Discourse on the Root of ExistenceThe Mlapariyya Sutta and
Its Commentaries Soma Thera The Way of Mindfulness

29

N. A. Jayawickrama, Papacasdan.

- 10 -

(Dgha, Majjhima, Sayutta, Aguttara)

(vasisatehi pacahi)(sagt)(anusagt)
Mahinda
(shaabhsa)
(manorama)
(Mahvihra)

30

(mlapas)(majjhimapas)(uparipas)
(vagga)31
(pada) 32 (akkhara)33
(bhavra)
34 (anusandhi)35
30

MNA I, p.1-2.

31

32

PED pada (p.408b) a word, verse, stanze, line, sentence

Jayawickrama word (Jayawickrama, Papacasdan, p.75),

33

akkhara ( akara)PED sounds, tones, wordsSED

(syllable), (letter) a vowel, a sound, a word.(SED .8b)

34

 - 11 -

(pucchnusandhi)36(ajjhsaynusandhi)37
(yathnusandhi)

(Mlapariyyavagga)
(Mlapariyya
Sutta)(eva me sutam)

(Sumagalavilsin)

(mahvipassan)
(Papacasdan)
eva me sutanti
38 vaan
nihit
No.132
(Anandabhaddekaratta Sutta)39
No.10(Satipahna Sutta)

35

DOP anusandhi sequence (of meaning), (logical) connection (DOP 140a)

36

37

DOP ajjhsaya-anusandhi because of, according to, disposition (DOP 38a)

()

38

evam me sutam
eva me sutanti

39

MNA V, P.4.

- 12 -

40 PTS

()

41 No.24
(Rathavinta Sutta) rjagaha()
MandhtuMahgovinda 42

() 43
veuvane kalandakanivpe()

(kahasappa)
(rukkhadeva)

40

MNA I, p.225-302.

41

G. P. Malalasekera Dictionary of Pli Proper Names

42

MNA II, p.134. tahi mandhtumahgovinddhi pariggahitatt rjagahanti vuccati.

43

MNA II, p.134. ta paneta buddhakle ca cakkavattikle ca nagara hoti, sesakle

sua hoti yakkhapariggahita, tesa vasantavana hutv tihati.

 - 13 -

44
(Mlapariyya Sutta)
vana()
Veuvana( ) 45 Jetavana( ) 46
Andhavana() 47Mahvana() 48Ajanavana() 49
50

()

No.43(Mahvedalla Sutta)
duppao (duha)
(appaa)(nippaa)51 No. 117
44

MNA II, p.135: pubbe kira aataro rj tattha uyynakanattha gato surmadena
matto divseyya upagato supi. parijanopissa, sutto rjti pupphaphaldhi
palobhiyamno ito cito ca pakkmi, atha surgandhena aatarasm susirarukkh
kahasappo nikkhamitv rabhimukho gacchati. ta disv rukkhadevat, rao
jvita dammti kakavesena gantv kaamle saddamaksi. rj paibujjhi,
kahasappo nivatto. so ta disv, imya mama jvita dinnanti kakna tattha
nivpa pahapesi, abhayaghosanaca ghospesi..

45

46

47

48

(Kgrasla)

49

50

MNA I, p.11: vanaca nma ropima, sayajtanti duvidha. tattha

veuvanajetavandni ropimni. andhavanamahvanaajanavandni saya jtni.

51

MNA II, p.334: duppao duppaoti ettha paya duha nma natthi, appao

- 14 -

(Mahcattrsaka Sutta)

sammsamdhi

desessmi saupanisa saparikkhra ( saupanisa,

saparikkhra)52
saupanisam sapaccayam()
saparikkhram saparivram()53
No.110
(Capuama Sutta) tyssa mitta honti te sahy54 Tyssa
ti ssa
Tyssa mitt ti te assa mitt 55 tyssa te assa

No.113 (Sappurisa Sutta)

pahamajjhnasampattiypi kho atammayat vutt bhagavat(
atammayat) atammayat
a tammayat tammayat
tah() atammayat 56

atammayat

()

nippaoti attho.
52

SN V, p.21.

53

MNA IV, p.130.

54

MN III, p.20.

55

MNA IV, p.80.

56

MNA IV, p.99. Atammayatti tammayat vuccati tah, nittahti attho.

 - 15 -

No.136 (Mahkammavibhaga Sutta)

(Poaliputta)(Samiddhi)

()

57
(Udyi)

(adhippya)

58

()

eva me suta
evam

57

MNA V, p.16: dassanam pi kho ahan ti bhagav caturage pi andhakre samant

yojanahne tilamattam pi sakhra mamsacakkhun va passati. aya ca paribbjako
na dre gvutamattabbhantare vasati. kasmbhagav evam h ti? samgamadassanam
sandhy evam ha.

58

MNA V, p.16-17: ayoniso ummujjisatti anupyena ssam nIharissati. ida ca pana

bhagav jnanto: n eva dibbacakkhun na ctopariyaena na sabbautaena jni,
adhppyen eva pana asi. kathentassa hi adhippyo nmam sujno hoti. kathetukmo
gvam paggahti hanuka clet mukham assa phandati sannisditum na sakkoti.
bhagav tassa tam kram disv: ayam dyi sannisditum na sakkoti. Yam abhtam tad
eva kathessat ti oloketv va asi.

- 16 -

( via-vthi) 59 vthi()

citta-vthi()
via-vthi()

No.5(Anagaa Sutta)

60

No.43(Mahvedalla Sutta)(pa)
(viam) 61

[] 62

59

MNA I, p.5: evanti tass sotadvrnusrena pavattya viavthiy nnappakrena

rammae pavattibhvappaksana.

60

MNA I, p.137: buddhassa bhagavato duvidh desan sammutidesan, paramatthadesan

cti. tattha puggalo satto itth puriso khattiyo brhmao devo mroti
evarpsammutidesan. anicca dukkha anatt, khandh dht yatanni
satipahnti evarp paramatthadesan.

61

MN II, p.339: y cvuso, pa yaca via -- ime dhamm sasah, no

visasah. na ca labbh imesa dhammna vinibbhujitv vinibbhujitv
nnkaraa papetu.

62

MNA II, p.292: na ca labbh imesa dhammnanti imesa lokiyamaggakkhaepi

lokuttaramaggakkhaepi ekato uppannna dvinna dhammna.

 - 17 -

()
No.69(Gulissani Sutta)
(abhidhamma)(abhivinaya) 63
64
abhidhamma (Abhidhamma-piaka) abhivinaya
(Vinaya-piaka)
abhidhamma abhivinaya
Vinaya-piaka abhivinaya piaka abhivinaya
Bhikkhu Bodhi abhivinaya abhi
65 abhidhamma

63

MN I, p.472: raikenvuso, bhikkhun abhidhamme abhivinaye yogo karayo.

64

MNA III, p.183: Abhidhamme abhivinaye ti abhidhammapiake ceva vinayapiake ca

pivasena ceva ahakathvasena ca yogo karayo.

65

Bhikkhu amoli and Bhikkhu Bodhi, The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha,
p.1270, footnote 693.

- 18 -

(bhaka) 66
ahakathika 67

Rupert Gethin
( samyak-pradhna/ samma-ppadhna)( samyak-praha)

68

( 96 10 31 97 1 3 )

66

(bhaka) K. R. Norman, Buddhism and oral tradition.

67

Ahakathcariya Ahakathik
(
286-291)

68

Rupert
Gethin, The Buddhist Path to Awakening, p.69-72.

 - 19 -

AN

Aguttara Nikya

ANA

Aguttara Nikya ahakath (Manorathapra)

CPD

A Critical Pali Dictionary, Copenhagen

DN

Dgha Nikya

DNA

Dgha Nikya ahakath (Sumagalavilsin)

DOP

A Dictionary of Pli, part I, Margaret Cone, PTS, 2001

JBS

Journal of Buddhist Studies, Sri Lanka

JPTS

Journal of Pali Text Society

MN

Majjhima Nikya

MNA

Majjhima Nikya ahakath (Papacasdan)

PED

Pli-English Dictionary, T.W. Rhys Davids and W. Stede, PTS,

London

PTS

Pali Text Society

SED

Sanskrit-English Dictionary, by Sir M. Monier-Williams

SN

Sayutta Nikya

SNA

Sayutta Nikya ahakath (Sratthappaksin)

- 20 -

1.

21 1995 19-57

2.

I, II1997

3.

I, II2000

4.

I, II2002

5.

1979

6.

1990

7.

Suttantahakath
gamahakath91(46-1), 1997
p. 102-106(L)

8.

On the Authorship of the Ahaslin 28

1999 31-71

9.

2006 1-32

10.
1984

11. Friedgard Lottermoser:Quoted Verse Passages in The Works

of Buddhaghosa 15
1985 125-143
12. Chronology of the Shaa Sources for the Pli
Commentaries(I) 16
1987 151-182
13. Chronology of the Shaa Sources for the Pli
Commentaries

() 17

1988 119-167
14. Some Authorities as Sources for the Pli Ahakaths
1991 735-750(L)
15.

 - 21 -

81(41-1)1992 1-11
16. Bapat, P.V. edited.. Ahaslin. Poona. 1942.
17. Bhikkhu Bodhi. The Discourse on the Root of ExistenceThe
Mlapariyya Sutta and Its Commentaries. Sri Lanka: Buddhist
Publication Society. 1992.
18. Bhikkhu amoli and Bhikkhu Bodhi. The Middle Length Discourses
of the BuddhaA Translation of the Majjhima Nikya. Oxford: PTS.
2002.
19. Gethin, Rupert M. L.. The Buddhist Path to Awakening. Oxford: One
world. 2001.
20. von Hinber, Oskar. A Handbook of Pli Literature. New Delhi:
Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. 1997.
21. Jayawickrama, N.A.. Papacasdan. JBS, vol. I, 2003. p.73-119.
22. Pind, Ole Holten. Buddhaghosa-His work and scholarly background.
21 , 1992. p.135-155.
23. Pind, Ole Holten. Pali Grammar and Grammarians from Buddhaghosa
to Vajirabuddhi. 26 , 1997.
p.135-155.
24. Law, Bimala Churn. The Life and Work of Buddhaghosa. Calcutta.
1923.
25. Law, Bimala Churn. A History of Pli Literature. Delhi: Gajendra Singh.
1983.
26. Malalasekera, Gunapala. The Pali Literature of Ceylon. Kandy:
Buddhist Publication Soceity. 1994.
27. Norman, Kenneth Roy. The dialects in which the Buddha preached in
Collected Papers, Vol. II, Oxford: PTS, 1980. p.128-147.
28. Norman, Kenneth Roy. Buddhism and oral tradition in A Philological
Approach to Buddhism, London: School of Oriental and African Studies,
1997a. p.41-57.
29. Norman, Kenneth Roy. Buddhism and the commentarial trandition in

- 22 -

A Philological Approach to Buddhism, London: School of Oriental and

African Studies, 1997b. p.149-166.
30. Thera, Soma. The Way of Mindfulness. Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication
Society. 1981.
31. Winternitz, Maurice. A History of Indian Literature. Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass. 1993.