01/10/17

Heat Transfer
Intro:

In your study of Thermo/P-chem, you learned that energy can be transferred by

interactions between systems and surroundings.
Thermodynamics only deals w/ the initial and final states of a process. It gives no
information about the RATE of energy transfer
Here we can learn about how energy (heat) transfer occurs and analyze RATE of heat
transfer
Usually, cannot directly measure heat transfer rates. Instead, make indirect
measurements of temp and temp distribution/profile

Heat Transfer energy in transit due to a temperature difference

2nd Law of Thermo - energy transfer is always High T to Low T

(Hot to Cold)

3 Modes of Heat Transfer

1. Conduction
a. Transfer of energy from more energetic particles (hot) to adjacent less energetic
particles (cold), as a result of interactions between particles
2. Convection
a. Transfer of energy between solid surface and adjacent liquid/gas that is in motion
(Involves combined effects of conduction and fluid motion)
3. Radiation
a. Energy emitted by matter in the form of electromagnetic waves (photons)
resulting from changes in the electronic configurations of the atoms and
molecules
Energy Balances (1st Law energy is neither created nor destroyed)
E EOUT + E NET GEN = E SYS

EB Closed System (Fixed Mass):

U =
m=

Internal energy change [J]

Mass [g]

E EOUT = U =mC v T

01/10/17
Heat Transfer
C v =
T =

Specific heat @ constant volume [J/gK]

Temperature change [K]