bi

dar:

bi
japur:

Thet
hi
r
dpl
aceofDeccanist
yl
ewast
hatwhi
chf
l
our
i
shedi
n
ar
chi
t
ect
ur
ewasi
ni
t
i
at
edbyAhmadShah(
142236)
,t
he
t
heki
ngdom ofGol
conda.Wher
e,undert
heQut
bShahidyni
nt
hr
ul
eroft
heBahmanidynast
ywhen,i
n1425,he
nast
y
,ar
i
chandpower
f
ulst
at
et
hatwasmai
nt
ai
nedf
r
om1512
t
r
ansf
er
r
edt
hecapi
t
alofhi
ski
ngdom f
r
om Gul
bar
gat
oBi
dar
.
unt
i
l1687.
Bi
dar
,consi
stoff
ot
r
essandi
t
spal
aces,t
womosqueswi
t
hi
n
t
hef
or
t
,amadr
assaandt
her
oyalt
ombs.

Unl
i
kemanyoft
hel
ar
gerci
t
i
esofDeccan,Bi
j
apurdoesnotdomi
nat
et
he
sur
r
oundi
ngcount
r
yf
r
om anemi
nence,butst
andswi
t
houtanynat
ur
al
pr
ot
ect
i
onongent
l
yr
i
si
nggr
oundsi
t
uat
edt
owar
dst
hecent
r
eoft
het
er
r
i
t
or
yi
t
admi
ni
st
er
.

deccanarchi
tecture:provi
nci
alstyle ThesecondperiodoftheDeccanistyleof
Whi
l
ebui
l
der
si
nt
henor
t
her
n,east
er
n,andwest
er
n
pr
ovi
ncesofI
ndi
awer
eevol
vi
ngasI
ndi
anI
sl
ami
cst
yl
e
bygr
af
t
i
ngonel
ocalt
r
adi
t
i
onoveranot
her
,
t
heseeds
wer
ebei
ngsowni
nt
heSout
hofaMusl
i
m bui
l
di
ng
envi
r
onment
.

ci
ti
esofdeccan:gulbarg:

Thef
i
r
stper
i
odofar
chi
t
ect
ur
aldevel
opmentofanor
i
gi
nalchar
act
erbegan
i
nt
heDeccani
n1347,whenAl
auddi
nBahman,havi
ngt
hr
ownof
fhi
s
al
l
egi
ancet
oDel
hi
,est
abl
i
shedhi
scapi
t
alatGul
bar
gai
nmoder
nKar
nat
ka
st
at
e.Thi
shemadei
nt
omadei
nt
oaf
or
t
r
essci
t
yknownasBahmanShah
s
For
t
r
essofGul
bar
gawhi
chhas50f
t
.t
hi
ckf
or
t
r
esswal
l
sand90f
t
.wi
de
moatscr
apedoutofl
i
vi
ngr
ock.
jamimasji
d
ThemosqueofGul
bar
gaabandonedt
heopent
oskycent
r
alcour
t
yar
d
andr
epl
acei
twi
t
hanent
i
r
el
yr
oof
edi
n,domedpi
l
l
ar
edhal
l
.
Measur
i
ng216f
tx176f
tandconsequent
l
ycover
i
nganar
eaof37,
916
sqf
ti
npl
an.
Themosque
scent
r
alhal
lwhi
chi
sr
oof
edoverwi
t
h63cupol
as,al
l
ows
f
or5,
000wor
shi
pper
st
ogett
oget
herf
ort
hei
rFr
i
daypr
ayer
s.
Fourl
ar
gedomesmar
kt
hecor
ner
soft
heper
i
pher
y
,whi
l
et
he
sanct
uar
yi
scr
ownedbyast
at
el
ycont
our
edst
i
l
t
eddomer
i
si
ngovera
squar
ecl
er
est
or
ey
.
Thewi
dear
cadesont
hr
eesi
desoft
hecent
r
alhal
lar
espannedacr
oss
byl
owar
ches,r
oof
edoverbyl
ongpoi
nt
edbar
r
elvaul
t
s.
Themostr
ef
r
eshi
ngaspectoft
heent
i
r
eedi
f
i
ceoft
heJamiMasj
i
di
s
t
hebol
dnessofi
t
sexpansi
veandpl
ai
next
er
nalsur
f
aces.
Pr
oduct
i
onofGul
bar
gahadt
hemostpower
f
ul
i
nf
l
uencei
nt
hedevel
opmentoft
heDeccanist
yl
eofI
sl
ami
c
ar
chi
t
ect
ur
e.

tombofgolconda

fortressofbi
dar

AhmedShahwasat
t
r
act
edbyt
he
pi
ct
ur
esquenessoft
he2,
330f
t
.hi
gh&heal
t
hypl
at
eau
onwhi
chBi
darwas
l
ocat
ed.
Ext
ensi
vewor
kwer
ecar
r
i
edouti
nt
hebui
l
di
ngofat
wo
andahal
fmi
l
e(
4km)l
ong,50f
t
.t
hi
ckwal
lofl
at
er
i
t
e&
t
r
ap
sur
r
oundedbya30f
t
.deep&1
15f
t
.wi
det
r
i
pl
emoat
.
Eachoft
hesevengat
ewaysi
nt
hewal
l
i
ncl
udi
ngt
heMandugat
eoft
heci
t
adel
,waspr
ot
ect
ed
bydr
awbr
i
dges&
cl
ever
l
ycont
r
i
vedt
ohol
dof
fanybesi
egi
ngar
my
.

Out
si
det
hef
abul
ous&l
egendar
yci
t
yofGol
conda,i
sanecr
opol
i
swi
t
ht
ombbui
l
di
ngs
Thet
ombbui
l
di
ngs,cube&hemi
spher
ecomposi
t
i
on,pr
ovi
dedwi
t
haver
andar
unni
ngar
oundt
hecubi
chal
f
,cr
eat
i
ngt
hei
mpr
essi
onofat
wost
or
i
edst
r
uct
ur
e
Or
nament
at
i
onofneck&cr
ownoft
hedomewi
t
ht
hepet
al
mot
i
f&wi
t
ht
hemahapadma
Sur
f
aceofl
owercuber
i
chl
yor
nament
edbycutpl
ast
er
Shor
tmi
nar
et
si
nGul
dast
amot
i
fatcor
ner
sofl
owermass.

baoudi

TheAdi
lShahiSul
t
ansmadeanel
abor
at
ear
r
angementf
orpur
e
wat
erf
ort
hepeopl
eofBi
j
apurandi
t
ssubur
bs.
AtTor
viamasonr
ydam wasconst
r
uct
ed.Anot
herdam wasconst
r
uct
edi
ni
t
sf
areast
er
nsi
de.Theset
wodamsf
edt
her
eser
voi
r
sofTor
vi
andAf
zal
pur
.
I
naddi
t
i
on,t
osuppl
ementt
hewat
erneedsoft
hepeopl
ei
nand
ar
ound,t
heSul
t
ansandnobl
esconst
r
uct
edbi
gandsmal
lwel
l
s.
Ther
ewer
e700wel
l
s(
Boudi
s)wi
t
hst
epsand300wel
l
s(
Kuansor
smal
lwel
l
s)wi
t
houtst
epswi
t
hi
nt
hewal
l
sofBi
j
apur
.
Mor
eover
,t
her
emai
nsoft
anksandl
akesnamedRangr
ezTal
ab,
Quasi
m Tal
ab,Fat
ehpurTal
abandAl
l
ahpurTal
abar
ei
nt
hevi
ci
ni
t
yof
Bi
j
apur

Thef
ourcor
nermi
nar
et
sr
i
set
oahei
ghtof186f
t
.
Eachoft
hef
ourf
acadescont
ai
nsf
ami
l
i
arogeear
chof
36f
tspan,abovet
heapexofwhi
chi
sst
or
eywi
t
har
ches&
r
i
chl
yembel
l
i
shedcor
ni
ces

i
brahi
mkirauza

jamimasji
d
Si
xt
eenpi
l
l
ar
edmosqueal
soknownas
Sol
aKhumba
atBi
dari
s
i
ndeedr
epr
esent
i
ngt
hesol
emni
t
y
.
I
ti
sbui
l
ti
nasedat
e&unaf
f
ect
edst
yl
econsi
st
i
ngofa77f
t
.wi
de&
295f
t
.l
ongsanct
uar
y
.
Themai
npr
ayerhal
li
ssuppor
t
edby18pi
er
s;t
heot
herar
easof
t
hemosquear
esuppor
t
edby60r
oundpi
er
s.
Al
lt
hepi
er
ssuppor
tar
oofwhi
chhas84domes.
Thedomesar
ef
l
atwi
t
hf
eat
ur
esofpendent
i
ves.
Themehr
abi
nt
hemi
ddl
eoft
hel
i
wani
sencl
osedwi
t
hi
nasquar
e
compar
t
mentoverwhi
chr
i
sesast
i
l
l
edGul
bar
gat
ypedome
r
est
i
ngonanoct
agonalbase.
Theonl
ycur
i
ousaspect
soft
hi
sot
her
wi
sehumdr
um mosquei
st
he
i
nst
al
l
at
i
onoft
hr
eescor
esof4.
25f
tdi
amet
er,pl
ai
n,ci
r
cul
arpi
l
l
ar
s
t
ohol
dupt
hegr
oi
nedr
oofoft
hel
ongchamber
.
JamiMasj
i
d,al
ar
gemosque,i
swi
t
houtmi
nar
et
sorpr
omi
nent
domes.Themosquet
houghsi
mpl
ei
ndesi
gnbuthasasymmet
r
i
cal
pl
anwi
t
hwel
l
or
gani
zedconst
i
t
uentpar
t
s.
Thebaysf
or
m al
ar
gechamberi
nt
heent
r
ance.
Squi
nchessuppor
tt
hedomewi
t
hbr
acesdesi
gnedasel
ephant
t
r
unks.
Theout
erar
cadel
acksanyor
i
gi
nalf
eat
ur
es,t
hepar
apetofpi
er
ced
i
nt
er
l
ocki
ngbat
t
l
ement
swer
eal
at
eraddi
t
i
on.
Themai
ndomehasf
l
at
t
i
shshapeandi
ssuppor
t
edonaci
r
cul
ar
dr
um,whi
chi
sembel
l
i
shedwi
t
hr
el
i
efoft
r
ef
oi
lcr
enel
l
at
i
ons.

I
nBi
j
apurt
her
ei
sabeaut
i
f
ult
ombt
hathadbeener
ect
edbyI
br
ahi
m Rauza.
I
ti
saspl
endi
dst
r
uct
ur
eandconsi
st
sofi
nt
er
connect
edbui
l
di
ngs.
Theyar
er
i
chl
ydecor
at
edwi
t
hwal
ldcorandwal
lhangi
ngst
hatbel
ongt
o
t
heageoft
heanci
entt
i
mesi
nwhi
cht
hegr
eatki
ngandwar
r
i
ornamedAdi
l
ShahI
Il
i
ved.
The1
15f
tsquar
est
r
uct
ur
eoft
het
omb&t
hemosquest
andsei
t
herendofa
360f
tl
ong&150f
twi
depl
at
f
or
m ,l
ocat
edi
nt
hemi
ddl
eofa450f
tsquar
e
swar
dofgr
assdef
i
nedbyi
nconsequent
i
al&hast
i
l
yputt
oget
herencl
osi
ng
cl
oi
st
er
s.
Thegr
andestpar
toft
heent
i
r
emausol
eum i
sofappr
oxi
mat
el
y40f
tsi
de
sur
r
oundedbyt
woconcent
r
i
car
cadedver
andas.Thel
owerpor
t
i
onsoft
he
out
erar
cadei
scompar
at
i
vel
ypl
ai
n&r
hyt
hmi
cal
l
ydi
vi
dedi
nt
ost
at
el
yar
ches
oft
heJamiMasj
i
dst
yl
e.
Theshaf
tofmi
nar
et
s,wi
t
ht
hei
rr
i
chhor
i
zont
almol
di
ngs,r
ecal
lt
hoseoft
he
mosqueofAhmadabad.

parthdi
wedi
pri
yanshkothari
stutibi
ndli
sh
ri
ddhikumar