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ISBN 978-974-04-2919-7











. . 11000
Tel. 02 5904307-8
Fax. 02 5904339


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1

A D E K
1

5

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4
3

5 11

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5



12


5

- 8

3

4

2 6


13

3

1 1

1 + 1


14

1 = 60


- 1 ~ 60
80 1/2 = 35

1 -

3 8

1 = 72

1 = 30 1 = 55 1 = 60

( ) 1 = 80 ( ) 1 = 80 1 = 60

1 = 4-6
15
1
= 50


1
= 130

1 () 40
11

1
1 = 116
3 4

1
= 62


1 1 1 1
= 40 = 50 = 40 = 50

1 = 3
16 4

1 70-120
70

3 3

6-8 6-8 1/2 1

4 4 2 1

6 1/2 6
17
1/2


1 15
25
1
1

3 6

1 1

1/2 1 1 1

18

2 A B


1 / 200
236

1 / 1
200
253

1 ~ 2 ~ 2 ~ 1

2 226
2 429
1 200

19


/ 1 3
2 = 45 2
40
20
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21

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2-3

22


23


1,2
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3-4 4-5 /


27


1 2-3 2
10%

2 0.5 % 15
60-80 %

3 15

4 ( ) 1 20 15



28



29

:

30


31

32


33
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4


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34


( )


2-3

35
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2 :

3 :


4 :

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40
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3

3 30

30

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30

42

43


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45

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46





3-4 3-4

5

47


(375 )
8

48


8-10

49

50










1 19
2
1. ( 1 60 )
2. ( 6-19 )

51

6-19

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52
53


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58

2.



2-3

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5 3-5
45


59

3.



60



















5


-

61


5
3

1

1 (6 ) = 1/2 (3 )
= 1 = 1 = 1
= 1 (8 ) = 1 -
2-3

1 =
1 =
4 1
( 2 ) =
4 3-4 =
4 = 4 / 1
= 2 / /
6-8

1 1 =
1/2 =

/ 7 =


1 2


1/2 = 2

3 =

1/4






1 - 2-3 2 4
1 1 /

5
62


1.
1.....
2.
3.
4.

2. 1
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1.................................. 2.......................................
3................................. 4.......................................
5................................. 6.......................................

1.................................. 2.......................................
3................................. 4.......................................
5................................. 6.......................................

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1.


2.

/
3.


4.


5.
6.

64
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. ...........

11-12

16-17

13-14
18-19


1. 5
-
- 2-3
++

2.

3. 8-9


4.


5.
6. 2
7.

65
66
67
68


2540

2542

6 14 2543

2543

2545

2547


69
70
71
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