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Decanter
Kode : DC-01
Fungsi : Memisahkan gliserol dari produk biodiesel
Jenis : Continous Gravity Decanter
Bentuk : Silinder Horizontal
Bahan Konstruksi : Carbon Steel SA-285 Grade C
a. Menghitung Densitas Komponen pada Suhu 40oC
n
T
1
Tc
(density) = AB (1)
dimana
(density) = saturated liquid density
A, B and n = regressions coefficients for chemical compound
T = temperature, K
Tc = critical temperature, K
(Yaws, 1999)
Densitas
Kompone
A B n Tc at 40oC
n
(g/mL)
0,3781
C6H5Cl 0,27648 0,29036 632,35 1,085364
8
C6H4Cl2 0,4188 0,26276 0,30788 648,75 1,247111
C6H6 0,3009 0,2677 0,2818 562,16 0,858013
H2O 0,3471 0,274 0,28571 647,13 1,013778
0,2212
NaCl 0,10591 0,37527 3400 1,928768
7
1,0239
FeCl3 0,3 0,28571 964,41 3,004041
5
dimana
liquid = viscocity of liquid (centipoise, cp)
A,B,C and D = regression coefficients for chemical compound
T = Temperature, K
(Yaws, 1999)
Viscosity
Komponen A B C D
(cp)
C6H5Cl -7,4055 1181,5 1,4888x10-2 -1,3713x10-5 0,485
C6H4Cl2 -4,8717 823,4 9,1981x10-3 -8,653x10-6 0,617
C6H6 -6,6362 1196,7 1,2224x10-3 -9,9914x10-6 1,0823
H2O -10,2158 1792,5 1,7773x10-2 -1,2631x10-5 0,686
NaCl -1,2899 930,43 6,2336x10-12 -3,0767x10-15 48,163
FeCl3 -0,9169 1078,9 -7,6231810-5 1,1105x10-8 321,58
F
Kompone xi
(Kg/jam xi (g/mL)
n (g/mL)
)
C6H5cl 375,1 0,086656 1,085364 0,094053
C6H4cl2 3246,753 0,750068 1,247111 0,935418
C6H6 706,761 0,163277 0,858013 0,140093
4328,614 1 1,169564
e. Menghitung Densitas Lapisan Bawah (Heavy Liquid/A)
F
Kompone xi
(Kg/jam xi
n (g/mL) (g/mL)
)
0,57620 1,01377 0,58414
H2O 34,644
9 8 8
0,37382 1,92876 0,72102
NaCl 22,476
7 8 7
0,04996 3,00404 0,15009
FeCl3 3,004
3 1 2
1,45526
Total 60,124
7
100 x 2,62
t= 1455,2671169,564
t = 0,916 h
t = 55 menit
Fv x t
V= campuran
(4)
campuran = 1,173478 g/mL = 1,17378 kg/L
4328,614 kg jam x 0,916
V= 1,173478
(5)
4 xV
2
Dt = x L
(6)
4 x 120,970
Dt2 = 3,14 x 15
Dt = 3,205 ft
ZT = Dt = 3,205 ft
ZB = jika interface terletak ditengah-tengah antar permukaan bejana dan
permukaan zat cair, maka
ZT 3,205
ZB = 2 = 2 = 1,603 ft
ZT ZB A
ZA = B + ZB (6)
Z2 = 2,891 ft
ts = 0,175
Maka digunakan tebal shell standar 3/16 in ( Appendix F Brownell dan Young).
5. Tebal Head
Prc W
th = 2 fE0,2 P +C (8)
OD = ID + 2 ts (9)
(Brownell dan Young, 1959)
OD = 72 + (2 x 0,1875) = 72,375 in
Diambil OD standar = 78 in
P = 1,1 x P operasi = 1,1 x 14,7 psi = 16,17 psi
f = allowable stress = 13750 psia
E = 0,85 (efisiensi pengelasan)
C = faktor korosi = 0,125
Dari tabel 5.7 Brownell dan Young untuk OD = 78 dan ts = 3/16 in didapatkan nilai r
dan icr
rc = 78
icr = 4,75
rc
w = 0,25 (3 + icr ) (9)
w = 1,763
16,17 x 78 x 1,763
th = 2 x 13750 x 0,850,2 x 16,17 + 0,125
th = 0,22 in
Maka digunakan tebal head standar 1/4 in ( Appendix F Brownell dan Young)