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Linearnejednaineinejednaine

1 1
A) 3 x = 9 B) 6 = 7 x V) x =
4 2
6 x 1
9 x= =
x= 7 4 2
3
6 2x = 4
x=3 x=
7 4
x=
2

x = 2

y +1
A) 4 x 6 + 3 x = x B) = 0 / 2
2
4 x + 3x x = 6 y +1 = 0
6x = 6 y = 1
6
x=
6
x =1

1 1 A AC
1) a 2 = a Pazi: C =
2 3 B B

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a a
2=
2 3
a 2 a
= / 6
2 1 3
3a 12 = 2a
3a 2a = 12
a = 12

2) 0,5 0,2 x = 1 /10

5 2 x = 10
2 x = 10 5
2 x = 5
5 5 1
x= x = = 2
2 2 2

1 1
1 0,5 (2 x + 2) = 0,25 (1 x) + 2
3 4
5 25 1 9
1 (2 x + 2) = (1 x) +
10 100 3 4
1 1 3
1 (2 x + 2) = (1 x) + / 4
2 4 4
1 1 3
4 4 (2 x + 2) = 4 (1 x) + 4
2 4 4
4 2(2 x + 2) = 1(1 x) + 3
4 4x 4 = 1 x + 3
4x = x + 4
4x + x = 4
3x = 4
4
x=
3

1
Tojest x = 1
3

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p 2 p +1 3
+ = / 4
2 4 1
2( p 2) + 1( p + 1) = 12
2 p 4 + p + 1 = 12
2 p + p = 12 + 4 1
3 p = 15
15
p=
3
p=5

x 7 1 3x 1 5 x + 1
+ = / 60
4 1 5 12
x7 3x 1 5x + 1
60 + 60 = 60 60
4 5 12
15( x 7) + 60 = 12(3 x 1) 5(5 x + 1)
15 x 105 + 60 = 36 x 12 25 x 5
15 x 36 x + 25 x = 12 5 + 105 60
4 x = 28
28
x =
4
x=7

5( x 2)( x + 2) 6 = (3 x 5) 2 (2 x + 3) 2
142 4 43 4 1424 3 1 424 3
Razlikakvadratakvadratbinomakvadratbinoma
( ) (
5( x 2 4) 6 = (3x) 2 2 3 x 5 + 52 (2 x) 2 + 2 2 x 3 + 32 )
5 x 2 20 6 = (9 x 2 30 x + 25) (4 x 2 + 12 x + 9)

5 x 2 26 = 9 x 2 30 x + 25 4 x 2 12 x 9
5 x 2 9 x 2 + 30 x + 4 x 2 + 12 x = +25 9 + 26
42 x = 42
42
x =
42
x =1
3

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(4 x 3) = (5 4 x) 16
2 2

(4 x) 2 2 4 x 3 + 32 = 52 2 5 4 x + (4 x) 2 16

16 x 2 24 x + 9 = 25 40 x + 16 x 2 16
16 x 2 24 x + 40 x 16 x 2 = 25 16 9
16 x = 0
0
x =
16
x=0

(2 x) (3 x) (1 x) (5 x) = 0
(6 2 x 3x + x 2 ) (5 1x 5 x + x 2 ) = 0
6 2 x 3x + x 2 5 + x + 5 x x 2 = 0
x = 6 + 5

x = 1

( x 1)( x + 1) ( x + 1) 2 = 5 4 x
x 2 1 ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) = 5 4 x
x2 1 x2 2 x 1 = 5 4 x
2 x + 4 x = 5 + 1 + 1
2x = 7
7
x=
2

A) (3 x 1)( x + 1) = 0
Dasepodsetimo: A B = 0 A = 0 ili B = 0
3x 1
x +1
Dakle: 3 x = 1 ili
x = 1
1
x=
3

B) 4( x + 1)( x 2)( x 3) = 0
x +1 x2 x 3
ili ili
x = 1 x=2 x=3

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A) x(2 x 3) 5(2 x 3) =

Zajedniki(ideispredzagrade)
= (2 x 3)( x 5)
B)
x(2 x 3) 5(2 x 3) = 0

(2 x 3)( x 5) = 0
2 x 3 = 0 ili x 5 = 0
2 x = 3 x = 5
3
x=
2

NekajeXtraenibroj

11 + x 2
= Mnoimounakrsno
14 x 3
3(11 + x) = 2(14 x)
33 + 3x = 28 2 x
3x + 2 x = 28 33
5 x = 5
5
x=
5
x = 1

NekajeXtraenibroj

x x x
+ + = x + 1 / 30
2 3 5
15 + 10
1x44 2x4+4
6 x = 30 x + 30
3

31x 30 x = 30
x = 30

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Uzastopneprirodnebrojevemoemoobeleitisa n, n + 1, n + 2, n + 3

Dakle:

n + n + 1 + n + 2 + n + 3 = 1014
4n + 6 = 1014
4n = 1014 6
4n = 1008
1008
n=
4
n = 252 Traenibrojevisu:252,253,254,255

3 4
NekajeXbrojuenika.Akosuuodeljenju uenikadevojice,tonamgovoridasu uenikadeaci.
7 7
3 4
x + 4 = x / 7
7 7
3 x + 28 = 4 x
3 x 4 x = 28
x = 28 / (1)
x = 28

NekajeXbrojgodinakojiprodje:

Majka 27 27+x

Sin 3 3+x

sad Poslexgodina

5(3 + x) = 27 + x
15 + 5 x = 27 + x
5 x x = 27 15
Dakle: 4 x = 12
12
x=
4
x=3

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Daproverimo:
Kroz3godinemajkaima27+3=30godinaasin3+3=6godina.Tadjemajka5putastarijaodsinajerje 6 5 = 30

1
2
350mputaputa
5 2
NekajeXduinacelogputa.

Razmiljamo:Nakojideoputaseodnosi350m?

2 1 4+5 9 9 1
+ = = 1 =
5 2 10 10 10 10
1
Dakle,350mseodnosina puta
10
1
x = 350
10
x = 350 10
x = 3500m

Primenapitagorineteoreme:

2
a
+ ha = b
2 2

( )
2
12 2
+ ha = ha + 2
2 2

2
36 + ha = ha + 4ha + 4
2 2

4h + 4 = 36
a

4ha = 36 4
4ha = 32
32
ha =
4
ha = 8cm

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a = 7cm
b = c 1
___________

c=?
a2 + b2 = c2
7 2 + (c 1) 2 = c 2
49 + c 2 2c + 1 = c 2
2c = 49 1
2c = 50
c = 50
50
c=
2
c = 25cm

Stariobimje O = 2a + 2b

Noviobimje O1 = 2a1 + 2b1

O1 = 2a1 + 2b1 = 62
2(b + 5) + 2(b + 2) = 62
2b + 10 + 2b + 4 = 62
4b = 62 10 4
4b = 48
b = 12cm a = 12 + 3 = 15
a = 15cm

www.matematiranje.com Nejednaine

3x < 4 6 > 2x
A)B)V) 1 1
x
4 2 x > 6 2 4
x<
3 6 1 1
x / 4
x<
2 2 4
x<3 2x 1
1
x
2
4 1
x (, ) x (,3)
4 3 3 1 x [ 2 )
2
3

a < 4
4 < a < 4 a { 3,2,1,0,1,2,3}

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

A)
5x 2 < 2 x + 1
5x 2 x < 1 + 2
3x < 3
3
x<
3
x <1

x (,1)
1

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B)
0,6 x 0,4 > 0,5 x 0,2 /10
6 x 4 > 5x 2
6 x 5 x > 2 + 4
1x > 2
x>2

x (2, )
2

y+5
5 y
5
5 y y+5
/ 5 pazinaispredzagrade
1 1 5
25 5 y ( y + 5)
25 5 y y 5
5 y + y 5 25
4 y 30
30
y
4
15
y+
2
1
y7
2

1
1 y [7 , )
7
2 2

A)
0,8 0,8 ( x 5) 0, 2 / 10
8 8 ( x 5) 2
1
8 8 x + 40 2 x (, 6 ]
6
1 4
8 x 2 8 40 4
8 x 50
50 25 1
x x+ x6
8 4 4

10

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B)
1 p
< 0 / 3
3
1 p < 0
p < 1 /(1)
p >1

1
p (1, )

x 1 x 1+ x x 2
> + / 24
6 4 3 24
4 x 6(1 x) > 8(1 + x) + 1( x 2)
4 x 6 + 6 x > 8 + 8x + x 2
4 x + 6 x 8x x > 8 2 + 6
x > 12

x (12, )
12

x6 x 3+ x
1+ 3+ / 12
3 2 4
12 + 4( x 6) 6 x 36 + 3(3 + x)
12 + 4 x 24 6 x 36 + 9 + 3x
4 x 6 x 3x 36 + 9 12 + 24
5 x 57
57
x
5
2
x 11
5

2
2
x [11 , )
11 5
5

11

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3 < 2 x + 5 < 17

Ovdemoramoreavatidvenejednaine:

3 < 2 x + 5
I 2 x <17

2 x5 3 2 x < 17 5

2x < 2 2 x < 12
2 12
x< x>
2 2

x <1 x > 6

Spojimoreenja

6 < x < 1 x (6,1)

-6 1
x (6,1)

Najprereimodatunejednainu:

( x 1) 2 ( x + 1) 2 < 10 x
( x 2 2 x + 1) ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) < 10 x
x 2 2 x + 1 x 2 2 x 1 < 10 x
4 x < 10 x
4 x + x < 10
3 x < 10
10
x>
3
1
x > +3
3

Najmanjiprirodnibrojje x = 4

1
2 3 3
1 4 5 x (3 , )
3
3

12

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taznaidajenekiizrazpozitivan?
Patoznaidamorabitiveiodnule.
Dakle:
(3x + 1) ( x 2) 3 ( x + 1) 2 > 0
(3x 2 6 x + x 2) 3 ( x 2 + 2 x + 1) > 0
3x 2 6 x + x 2 3x 2 6 x 3 > 0
6 x + x 6 x > 2 + 3

11x > 5
5
x<
11

5
x (, )

5 11
11

Kadakaemodanekiizraznijeveitoznaidajemanjiilijejednak ()
Dakle:
x+5 4 x
2 / 8
8 2
1 ( x + 5) 4(4 x) 16
x + 5 16 + 4 x 16
x + 4 x 16 5 + 16
5 x 5
5
x
5
x 1

x (, 1]
-1

13