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Lecture6 2101 PDF
Lecture6 2101 PDF
Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy is associated with the state of motion
1 2
KE = mv Units of Joules: 1 J = kgm2/s2
2
KE depends on speed (v) not v ( here v = v v = v )
2 2
KE doesn
doesntt depend on which way something is moving
or even if its changing direction
dv
Fx,net = max = m
dt
dx dv dx dv
(Fx,net
, ) = m = mv
dt dt dt dt
dx d (12 mv2 )
Fx,net =
dt dt
Fx,net dx = d ( mv
1 2
) F x,net
dx = d (1
2
mv 2
) = KE 2KE
KE1
2
Wnet Fx,net dx = KE 2 KE 1= KE
Wnet = KE
Work--Kinetic Energy Theorem
Work
Wnet Fnet d = KE
Qualitatively,
Q li i l h how much
h workk am I d
doing
i on theh b bowling
li b ballll if
I walk across the room with a constant velocity?
1. Quite a lot
1
2. None
Positive and Negative Work
1.
1 F1
2. F2
3. Theyre both zero (F1 =F2=0)
4. Theyre the same, but not zero
(F1 =F20)
Example
During a storm, a crate is sliding across
a slick, oily parking lot through a
displacement d = (3.0m)i while a
steadyy wind pushes
p against
g the crate
with a force F = (2.0N )i + (6.0N ) j
(a) How much work does the force from the wind do on the crate during the
displacement?
Negative Work
Wnet Fnet d
Energy transferred from object
KE decreases
d
(b) If the crate has a kinetic energy of 10 J at the beginning of displacement d , what is
the kinetic energy at the end of d ?
W i
=W net Work is sum total of all transfer of energy
gy ((pos and neg)
g)
all
( r2 r1 ) = d
r2
Wnet Fnet (r ) dr = Fnet d where
r1
KE = KE f KE i Change
g in kinetic energy
gy is change
g in speed
p ( v2)
(i.e.
What about centripetal force?
Special Case: Work done by Constant Gravitational Force
Wg Fg dx = Fg d
where ( )
Fg = (mg) j and g = 9.81m / s 2
( )
Wnet = Wg = Fg d = KE = (KE f KE i )
Wnet Wg + Wext = KE
F = mgsin25
i 25 f k
= 240N 70N
=170N
1 2 1 1 2(10100J)
mv = W + mv02 = 9700J + (58kg)(3.6m
(58kg)(3 6m /s) 2 v=
2 2 2 58kg
= 10100J = 19m /s
Special Case: Work due to Friction: