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Scheme of Work:
4.11 know and use the relationship between work, force and distance moved in the
direction of the force:
work done = force × distance moved
𝑊=𝐹×𝑑
4.13 know and use the relationship between gravitational energy, mass, gravitational field
strength and height:
GPE=m× g ×h
KE=½× m× v 2
4.16 describe power as the rate of transfer of energy or the rate of doing work
4.17 use the relationship between power, work done (energy transferred) and time taken
work done
power=
time taken
W
P=
t
Energy enables us to do jobs of work. When work is done, energy is transferred. We can say:
Energy transferred = work done
We can relate work and force by the simple equation:
W =F × d
When two objects slide across each other work is done against the force of friction.
When work is done against friction, most of the energy is turned to heat.
Kinetic Energy
Movement energy is called kinetic energy All moving objects have kinetic energy:
objects moving in a straight line;
objects going round in a circle;
objects vibrating.
Working out Kinetic Energy
When a force is exerted on an object, energy is transferred from one form to another
W =F × d
For work to be done, the force must be in the direction of the displacement
2
kinetic energy ( J )=½ × mass(kg)× velocit y (m/ s)
2
Ek =½ m v
=mxaxs
= m x change in v x s
t
= m x change in v x s
t
= m x (v – 0) x (v + 0)
2
=½mv2
v = 0m/s
W x h = Ek
mgh = Ek
2
gravitational potential energy ( J ) =mass( kg)× g (m/s ) ×height (m)
E p =mgh
Power is the rate of doing work (how quickly work is done) – equation provided in the examination
Work ( J )
Power ( W ) =
Time (t)
w
P=
t
Example Questions:
2. Calculate the frictional force if 1600 J of heat energy are produced when a concrete slab is
moved horizontally through 4 m.
Work, Energy and Power Dr. MB Cuthbert Page 3
3. A 50 kg mass is lifted and it gains 3 kJ of potential energy. Calculate the distance moved.
4. A girl does 1000 J of work in 5 seconds. Calculate the power that she develops.
6. A man lifts a weight of 300 N through a vertical height of 2 m in 6 s. What is his power?
11. A 5 g bullet is fired vertically into the air at an initial speed of 316 m/s.
(a) Calculate the initial kinetic energy.
(b) Assuming that all the kinetic energy is converted to potential energy, calculate
the maximum height reached by the bullet.
13. A walker climbs a hill 300 m high. If she has a mass of 50 kg, calculate the work done against
gravity.
14. How long will it take a 25 kW motor to lift a 1000 kg mass vertically through 20 m?
(d) If the load is then dropped, state the kinetic energy when it reaches the
ground?
Q7 2015 Jun 1P
Work, Energy and Power Dr. MB Cuthbert Page 7
Work, Energy and Power Dr. MB Cuthbert Page 8
Work, Energy and Power Dr. MB Cuthbert Page 9
Q11 2013 Jan 1P