التحليل الإحصائي للمتغيرات المتعددة باستخدام برنامج Spss

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @a

SPSS
.
"
: "SPSS
ANOVA o
MANOVA o
ANCOVA o
MANCOVA o
Correlation Analysis ( ) o
Regression Analysis ( ) o
Factor Analysis o

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%

.

.SPSS

)(0020109787442
. ) .(osama.rabie@yahoo.Com

b@c@i@bc
2008

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @pbna
@@ a@a
1 .............................. bna@@bjna@@i@a@@
@@ bra a
7 ......................................... (ANOVA) bya bjna
@@ sbra a
41 ........................................ (MANOVA) na bjna
@@ iaa a
63 ....................................... (ANCOVA) bya bna
@@ ba a
71 ...................................... (MANCOVA) na bna
@@ ba a
79 ................................ Correlation Analysis bjma
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@@ iba a
Simple Linear Regression Analysis ja a aa
101
...................................................................................
@@ bra a
143 ............ Multiple Linear Regression na@a@aa@
@@ bna@a
175 ............................................. Factor Analysis ba@zna
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @a@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
i@a@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@ @
(bna@@@bjna@)
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
2

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
bna@@bjna@@i a @
a@a @@
@ @@i@a@@ @@
@ @bna@@bjna@ @@
@@
@ @ANOVA bjna@@Z:@c

.
.
:pby
: .1
. .....
: : .2
( ) : .
. ............... ( )
) : .
) (
. ............... (
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
a@a
@ @Zbjna@@ac
:
:
@ @bna@@:@bbq
)
:(
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bna@@bjna@@i a @
ANCOVA bya@bna@ .1
] ANOVA ANCOVA
[ ) (
( ) ANCOVA
.(1)

.
Z
@ @br
)
( ) (
.( )
:@ a@@ bja@@

.ANOVA
Control Variable 1
. Covariates
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
a@a
Za
ANCOVA
. ( )
MANCOVA na@bna@ .2
MANOVA MANCOVA
( ) [ ) ( ]
)
.
Covariates Control Variable
MANCOVA
( )
.

N .
.
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@ @bya@bjna@
Analysis of Variance
(ANOVA)
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
8

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ANOVA bya@bjna@
@@
@ @bra@a
@@
@ @bya@bjna@
@@
Analysis of Variance @@
(ANOVA)
@@
@@
@ @Zbya@bjna@@@ac@qq@bn@@a@a@
One Way ANOVA .1

Two Way ANOVA .2
N Way ANOVA "" .3
One Way ANOVA ya@ba@@bya bjna@@Z c
:
:
.
:@br

( )
:
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
. ( )

(. ) ( )
.
:e@br

: .
.
)
(. ) (
.
@ @@: br
Zla

.95
10

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ANOVA bya@bjna@
a@bu ba@bu a@bu
15 14 6
17 15 12
15 10 4
10 12 7
14 6 5
6 10 6
13 13 4
14 18 16
10 * 7
15 * *
2 * *
) : @ ya@@ ba@@
@ bya@@ bjna@@by@ @bya@a@b
:(
:(H0) @ a@a
)
.(bn
:(H1)@ja@a
)
.(bn
@ @Zc@i@bya@a
H : = =
0 1 2 3
11
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
H1:
: ) ( 1 :pbbja@bg
: Zz
1
" "SPSS .79 76
12

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ANOVA bya@bjna@
:
.( )
. :
@ @Zbjna@m@pa
Compare Means Analyze (1

: One way ANOVA
: (2
.Dependent List ( y)
.Factor (x)
. Ok
@ @pbua@b@pb
13
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
@ @Zna@wbna@m

ANOVA
P.Value ( )

0.036 3.816 65.113 2 130.226

* * 17.065 25 426.631

* * * 27 556.857
@ @Zwbna@@na
(0.036) P.Value
( 5) (3.6)

14
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
@ @Zna@@@
: .

.
] SPSS
. [(Post Hoc)
(Post Hoc) ja@pabjna@@ya@ba@@bjna@

.ANOVA
@ @@Zbjna@a@m@pa
. (1
15
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
: (2
LSD (3
.( )
. Continue (4
. Ok (5
: :pbua@b@pb
. ANOVA :a@a
16
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
Multiple Comparisons :bra@a

:
: :na@wbna@m
P.Value @ @a@n @ @bra@pbba
0.860 0.34091
(2) (1)
0.024 4.464
(3) (1)
0.024 4.805
(3) ( 2)
:m@
(3) (2) (1)
.
Zwbna@@na
17
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
:
(0.024) P.Value
.(5) (2.4)
(86) (0.860) P.Value
.(5)
@@
Two Way ANOVA ba@@bya bjna@@Zbbq
: :
: .
@@na@ na@na@i@(bjna@qdna@c)@bna@b@by@ @Za@ba

@ @Z(1)ibna@na
: br

:( )
Fiat Cetrion BMW Mercedes
95 110 155 160 80
105 140 145 140 90
85 145 165 170 96
. 1
18
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
@ @Zla
:( )
.( )
.( )
. 95
:ba@@bjna@@by@@bya@a@
:[( @ @ @ ) @ ]@a@ba
. :(H0)
. :(H1)
Z:[@( ) @ @ ] bra@ba
. :(H0)
. :(H1)
:pbbja@bg
: 3
:
.
:
.( )
19
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
:
.( )
@ @Zbjna@m@pa
GLM Linear Model Analyze ( 1

: Univariate..
20
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
:
Dependent [y]
. Variable:
[ x2] [x1]
.Fixed Factor(s):
: Model
21
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
: :
.Full factorial Custom .

Factors & x2 x1 .
.Model Covariates
. Interaction Main effects .

. Continue .
: ok (1
22
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
:b@ y

.
:na
:
(0.007) P.Value .
. (0.05)
(0.559) P.Value .
. (0.05)
23
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
ANOVA
( )
P.Value

0.007 11.409 2479.861 3 7439.583
)
(

0.559 0.642 139.583 2 279.167
)
(
* * 217.361 6 1304.167
* * * 11 9022.917
@ @Zna@na@i@bjna@qdna@c@bna@bjna@@a@by@ :Zbra@ba
@ @Z:@br
24
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
@ @bu @ @n @ @bq @ @ania @ @c @ @bi
130 130 125 110 100 @ @lc

@ @u
140 120 115 115 120 @ @xn
135 125 104 95 111 @ @lc

@ @rc
122 100 88 107 110 @ @xn
@ @Zla
:
) Educational Level .
.(
) Marital status .
.(
: .
.(Educational Level * Marital status)
. 95
@ @@Zba@@bjna@@by@@bya@a@
:( )@a@ba
:(H0)
.
25
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
:(H1)
.
:( )@bra@ba
:(H0)
.
:(H1)
.
@ @ZHbnua@ba@@na@naI@na na@i@bna
:(H0)
.
:(H1)
.
:b y
:pbbja bg
26
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
(Variable View)
: (Label)
27
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
@ @Zbjna@m@pa
GLM Linear Model Analyze (1

: Univariate ..
:
Dependent Variable [y] .
. Dependent Variable:
Educational Level [x1] .
Fixed Marital status [x2]
.Factor(s):
: Model .
28
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
:
Full factorial .
. Continue .
: ok (2
:
29
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
) (
P.Value

0.048 3.539 434.2 4 1736.8
)
(

0.584 0.319 39.2 1 39.2
)
(

0.360 1.224 150.2 4 600.8

* * 122.7 10 1227
* * * 19 3603.8
@ @Zna
:
30

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ANOVA bya@bjna@
0.048 P.Value .
0.05
.
0.584 P.Value .
. 0.05
.
0.360 P.Value
. 0.05
@ @Zb z

(F )
.( (Error)
. (Main effects)
: :@ ja@@ba@@qdni@ba@bra@@Zr
.
@ @Zpaa
: (2) (1) (1
31
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
: (2
.Full factorial .
. Continue .
: Ok (3
. (F)
. (Error)
32
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
Full Custom [Univariate:Model] (1)

.Main effects factorial
@@
@ @N Way ANOVA@ ba ()@@bya@bjna@@Zbrbq
"" : " " :

: .
Zna@pana@i@Hbjna@qdna@cI@bna@b@by@@Za@ba
@ @Z@br
( )
( ) ( )
:
@ @b@bu @ @y@bu
@ @pbjb @ @l @ @pbjb @ @l
14 4 9 12 17 12 6 6
10 11 5 13 10 14 4 5
13 16 6 6 9 8 5 7
Zla
33
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
)
:(
.( ) .
.( ( ) ) .
) .
. 95 (

@ @@ Zba@H I@@bjna@@by@@bya@a@
:(b b) a n :a ba
:(H0)
.
:(H1)
.
:(a) a b :bra ba
( ) :(H0)
.
( ) :(H1)
.
:a jaa b :sbra ba
:(H0)
.
34
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
:(H1)
.
@ @Zpbbja@bg

: Univariate ..
35
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
:
Dependent y
. Variable:
[ x3 x2 x1]
.Fixed Factor(s):
: Model
36
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANOVA bya@bjna@
: :
[ x3 x2 x1] .
.Model Factors & Covariates

. Continue .
: ok (2
37
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
) (
P.Value

0.340 0.957 10.667 1 10.667 )
(

0.004 10.905 121.500 1 121.500

( )

0.718 0.135 1.500 1 1.500 )
* * 11.142 20 222.833
* * * 23 356.500
:na
:
P.Value .
0.05 0.340
38

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ANOVA bya@bjna@
P.Value ( ) .
0.05 0.004
.
0.05 0.718 P.Value
@ @Zna@pana@i@(bjna@qdna@c)@bna@bjna@@a@by@ Zbra@ba
@ @Z@br
:
:
:paa
Full factorial
: Custom
39
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
bra@a
:
).(0.05 P.Value
Zna@
)( 1
)
(.
1 3

.
40

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @sbra@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@ @na@bjna@
Multivariate Analysis of Variance
(MANOVA)
41
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
42

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
MANOVA na@bjna@
@@
@ @sbra@a
@@
@ @na@bjna@
@ @Multivariate Analysis of Variance @@
(MANOVA)
@@
@ @Z
MANOVA
.
.
" "
.

Two-Way MANOVA
:
o One-Way MANOVA
o N-Way MANOVA
43
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a
( ) :Zbr
3
(. : )
:
: X1
( ) : X2
: Y1
: Y2
: Y3
@ @Zla
44

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
MANOVA na@bjna@
( )
: 5
. ( ) .1
@ @. ( ) .2
@i@Hbjna@qdna@cI@bna@bjna@@a@@c@b@by@ :a@ba
@ @Zna@pana
:
@i @ @[(x2) (x1)] @ na@pana@i@bi@ba@a @m@Z
@ a@a
@ @Z Hy1I a@ibna@na
:Hy1I ibna na (x1) a na na qdm .1
:(H0)
.
:(H1)
.
:Hy1I ibna na (x2) bra na na qdm .2
( ) :(H0)
.
( ) :(H1)
.
@ i @[(x2) (x1)] @ na@pana@i@bi@ba@a@m @Z@ bra@a

@ @:(y2) bra ibna na
45
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a
:(y2) ibna na (x1) a na na qdm .1

:(H0)
.
:(H1)
.
:(y2) ibna na (x2) bra na na qdm .2
( ) :(H0)
.
( ) :(H1)
.
@ i @[(x2) (x1)]@@ na@pana@i@bi@ba@a@m :rbra a

@ @:(y3) sbra ibna na
:(y3) sbra na (x1) a na na qdm .1
:(H0)
.
:(H1)
.
:(y3) ibna na (x2) bra na na qdm .2
( ) :(H0)
.
( ) :(H1)
.
46
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANOVA na@bjna@
Zpaa
:pbbja bg (1
Linear Model GLM Analyze (2

: Multivariate ..
47
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a
:
(y1 , y2, y3) .
. Dependent Variables:
[ x2 x1] .
.Fixed Factor(s):
: Model .
48
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANOVA na@bjna@
: :
Factors [ x2 x1] .
.Model & Covariates
. Continue .
: ok (3
@ @Zaa@@@pbua@z@nm
: :Multivariate Tests :a a
49
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a
( 4)
.

.
:
Pillai's Trace .1
Wilks' Lambda .2
Hotelling' s Trace .3
Roy's Largest Root .4
Wilks'
) Lambda
50
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANOVA na@bjna@

.(

P.Value Wilks'
Lambda

0.002 7.925 0.387 X1
0.028 4.028 0.554 X2
@ @Zna
P.Value :
.Hx2, x1I (0.05)

( )
.
: Tests of Between-Subjects Effects :bra a

.
51
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a
NHy1I@a@ibna@na@@Hx2, x1I@qdn@bjna@@u N1
@HI@ @n @
P.Value @ @ia pbia
a@pbu
pbia
bjna@

0.001 16.769 1.740 1 1.740 (x1)

0.015 7.327 0.760 1 0.760 (x2)
** ** 0.104 17 1.765
** ** ** 19 4.265
52
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANOVA na@bjna@
:na
: Z
( y 1) (x1) .
.5 0.001 P.Value
. ( )
(y1) (x2) .
.5 0.015 P.Value
:Hy2I@bra@ibna@na@@Hx2, x1I@qdn@bjna@@u N2
@HI@ @n @
P.Value @ @ia pbia
a@pbu
pbia
bjna@

0.017 6.969 1.301 1 1.301 (x1)

0.088 3.282 0.612 1 0.612 (x2)
** ** 0.187 17 3.172
** ** ** 19 5.085
:na
53
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a
(y2) (x1) .
.5 0.017 P.Value
( y 2) (x2) .
.5 0.088 P.Value
:Hy3I@sbra@ibna@na@@Hx2, x1I@qdn@bjna@@u N3
@HI@ @n @pbu @
P.Value @ @ia pbia a pbia
bjna@

0.751 0.104 0.421 1 0.421 (x1)

0.287 1.209 4.900 1 4.900 (x2)
** ** 4.052 17 68.885
** ** ** 19 74.206
:na
(y3) (x1) .
.5 0.751 P.Value
54
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANOVA na@bjna@
(y3) (x2) .
.5 0.287 P.Value
@pana@i@H@ bjna@qdna@cI@bna@bjna@@a@by@@Z@ bra@ba

@ @Zna
@ @Z:bya a
:Hy1I ibna@na@@bjna@qdna@c@bna@qdm .1
(X1 , X2) :(H0)

.
(X1 , X2) :(H1)

.
(X1 , X2) :(H0)

.
(X1 , X2) :(H1)

.
55
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a
(X1 , X2) :(H0)

.
(X1 , X2) :(H1)

.
@ @Zb@z
X2 X1 .
X3 X1 .
X2 X3 .
@ @ X3 X2 X1 .
@ @Zpaa
Multivariate:
Custom Full factorial Model
56
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANOVA na@bjna@
ok . Continue
:
@ @Zwbna@m
57
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a

Wilks' Lambda
P.Value
Wilks'
Lambda
0.003 7.554 0.382 X1
0.025 4.256 0.523 X2

0.302 1.339 0.777
X1*X2
@ @Zna
P.Value :
. Hx2, x1I (0.05)
.
.(0.05) P.Value
58
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANOVA na@bjna@
NHy1I@a@ibna@na@@Hx2, x1I@qdn@bjna@@u N4
:

.

.
59
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a
@HI@ @n @
P.Value a@pbu bjna@
@ @ia pbia pbia

0.001 15.787 1.7405 1 1.7405 (x1)

0.018 6.898 0.7605 1 0.7605 (x2)

0.947 0.005 0.0005 1 0.0005
( x2, x1)
** ** 0.11025 16 1.764
** ** ** 17 4.2655
: Z:na
(x2) ( x1) .
P.Value (y1)
( ) .5
. ( )
.
0.947 P.Value (y1) ( x2, x1)
.5
:Hy2I@bra@ibna@na@@Hx2, x1I@qdn@bjna@@u N5
60
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANOVA na@bjna@
@HI@ @n @pbu @
bjna@

0.012 7.918 1.3005 1 1.3005 (x1)

0.071 3.729 0.6125 1 0.6125 (x2)

0.087 3.315 0.5445 1 0.5445
( x2, x1)
** ** 0.16425 16 2.628
** ** ** 19 5.0855
:na
( y 1) (x1) .
.5 P.Value
. ( )
.
( y 1) ( x2, x1) ( x2)
.5 P.Value
:Hy3I@sbra@ibna@na@@Hx2, x1I@qdn@bjna@@u N6
61
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
sbra@a
@HI@ @n @pbu @
bjna@

0.752 0.1036 0.4205 1 0.4205
(x1)

0.288 1.2077 4.9005 1 4.9005
(x2)

0.338 0.9760 3.9605 1 3.9605
( x2, x1)
** ** 4.05775 16 64.924
** ** ** 19 74.2055
:na
:
(x1)
( x2, x1) ( x2)
P.Value (y 3)
.5
:@ c@bja@@
.
62
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @iaa@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@ @@bya@bna@
Analysis of Covariance
(ANCOVA)
63
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
64

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ANCOVA bya bna@
@@
@ @iaa@a
bya bna@ @@
@@
Analysis of Covariance @@
@@
(ANCOVA) @@
ANCOVA
.( ) ANOVA

( ) ANCOVA
.(1)
@ @Z@br
:l
@ a

. 5
Control Variable 1
Covariates
65
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iaa@a
a@bu aa@lu@bu @ @ba@bu

(x) (x) (x)
(Y) (Y) (Y)
3 0.66 12 0.75 15 0.70
6 0.25 18 0.82 11 0.65
18 0.79 5 0.40 8 0.50
20 0.94 14 0.65 16 0.60
14 0.74 * * 15 0.55
* * * * 18 0.90
@ @Zbya@a
:
.
:
.
@ @Zpbbja@bg
66
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANCOVA bya bna@
@ @bjna@m@pa

: Univariate ..
67
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iaa@a
:
Dependent [y]
. Variable:
Treatment
.Fixed Factor(s):
.Covariate(s) [X]
: Ok (2
68
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ANCOVA bya bna@
P.Value ( )

0.616 0.506 7.521 2 14.503
* * 14.325 11 157.578
* * * 13 172.081
@ @Zna
69
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iaa@a
:
P.Value
. 0.05 0.616
:z
One-Way
. ANCOVA
o Two-Way ANCOVA
o N-Way ANCOVA
70
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
na@bna@
Multivariate Analysis of Covariance
(MANCOVA)
71
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
72

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
MANCOVA na bna@
@@
@ @ba@@a
@
na bna@
Multivariate Analysis of Covariance @@
(MANCOVA)
@@
@ @Z
MANOVA MANCOVA
( )
( ) MANCOVA
.(1)
:br
:

. 5
Control Variable 1
Covariates
73
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
@ @ba@pbba a pbba
16 11 3 13 15 5
12 13 4 7 18 6
5 17 2 16 10 4
7 6 1 14 11 7
3 2 4 18 7 6
11 7 3 6 14 4
14 4 2 15 6 2
8 17 2 14 4 4
@ @Zbya@a
:(y1) ibna na (x1) na na qdm .1

:(H0)
.
74
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANCOVA na bna@
:(H1)
.
:(y2) ibna na (x1) na na qdm .2

:(H0)
.
:(H1)
.
@ @Zpbbja@bg
75
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
@ @Zbjna@m@pa
Linear Model GLM Analyze (1

: Multivariate ..
:
(y1 , y2)
. Dependent Variables:
Fixed [x1]
.Factor(s):
Covariate(s): cov1
: ok (2
76
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
MANCOVA na bna@

P.Value (y1, y2)
.5
77
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
78

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ba@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
bjma
Correlation Analysis
79
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
80

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
Correlation Analysis bjma@
@ @ba@a
@@
@ @bjma@ @@
@@
@Correlation Analysis
@@
@ @Z
( )
(1) , (1+) .
() (+)
.
@ @:bjma@b@b@qq@SPSS@wbi@@Lb@i
:Pearson @ i@bjma@b .1
.
: Spearman's rho@k
@ m@bj@bjma@b .2
.
:Kendall's tau km@

@ a@b .3
.
@ @Zbjma@b@@bjna
81
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
@ @Z@@bjna@by@ .1
H0 : = 0
H1 : 0
:
:( H 0 )
.
:( H 1 )
.
Zya@@@bjna@by@ .2
: .
:
H0 : 0
H1 : f 0
: .
:
H0 : 0
H1 : p 0
: :[ 1] br
:la
.
82
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
:
. o
. o
.5
ba a
15 100
10 120
30 150
40 180
45 200
20 210
80 190
50 400
100 250
60 350
90 600
@@
@ @Zpbbja@bg
83
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
@ @Z:paa
Z@@bjna@by@@Zc
Bivariate Correlate Analyze (1

: ..
84
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
: :
(income, savings)
. Variables:

.( ) Pearson
Two-
.( ) tailed
. Ok (2
@@
@ @Zb na@wbna@m
p-value bjma@b
0.043 0.617
85
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
.(0.617+) :
4.3 0.043 P.Value
5
( )
.
@ @Zya@@@bjna@by@@Zbbq

:
H0 : 0
H1 : f 0
@ @Zpaa
One tailed (1
: Two tailed
86
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
. Ok (2
:na@wbna@m
@ @p-value @ @bjma@b
0.021 0.617
2.1 0.021 P.Value :

5
. ( )
[2] br

:
87
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
@ @bya@b@pam @ @jba@b@pam
:la
.
.( )
. 5
88
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @na
1 2 3 4 5 6 @ @a
@ @Zpbbja@bg
:paa
Correlate Analyze (1
: Bivariate ..
89
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
: :
(account, stat)
. Variables:
). Pearson
(
Spearman
Two-
. tailed
. Ok (2
90
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @Zna@wbna@m
p-value bjma@b
0.027 0.692
:
.(0.692)
2.7 0.027 P.Value
5
.
91
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
Correlation Matrix bjma@

.
:[3] br
: la
X4 X3 X2 X1
24 10 35 12
18 8 20 20
10 5 45 15
6 14 60 4
16 12 33 11
17 11 50 14
11 15 36 25
10 18 25 16
15 20 44 14
45 15 12 18
25 4 15 24
33 11 15 14
92
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
Zpbbja@bg
:paa
: Bivariate ..
93
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
:
(X1 , X2 , X3 , X 4)
.Variables
Person
.
Two-tailed
( Sig. ) P.Value
.
Output . OK (2
:
94
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
: wbna@m

P.Value

0.042 0.594 (X2) (X1)
0.483 0.225 (X3) (X1)
0.450 0.241 (X4) (X1)
0.573 0.181 (X3) (X2)
0.007 0.728 (X4) (X2)
0.750 0.103 (X4) (X3)
95
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
:na
(X4) (X2) (X2) (X1)

P.Value 5 P.Value
5
.
Partial Correlation a@bjma
) ( ) :
.(

.
:( 4) br
: (1)
.( )
96
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @a@@bia@ @ @ba @ @a
2 15 100
1 10 120
2 30 150
2 40 180
3 45 200
5 20 210
4 80 190
2 50 400
1 100 250
3 60 350
1 90 600
@ @Zpbbja@bg
97
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
@ @Zpaa
: Partial ..
: :
(income, savings)
Variables:
children
Controlling for
. Ok (2
98
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @Zna@wbna@m
p-value bjma@b
0.065 0.6022
:

.
@ @Zc@z

.
.
99
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@a
100

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
iba@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@ @ja@a@aa@
@ @Simple Linear Regression Analysis
101
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
102

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ja@a@aa@
@ @ja@a@aa@@
@Simple Linear Regression Analysis

: ( )
Simple Regression Models
Multiple Regression Models
:ja@a@aa@xb :a@a
( Y)
: (X)
Y = B0 + B1 X
@ @Zna@a@aa@xb@Z@bra@a
(Xs) (Y)
:
Y = B0 + B1 X 1 + B2 X 2 + B3 X 3 + ............ + Bk X k
: (k )
:aa@x@m@pa
103
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
:a@a@Z c
@@ a@a@ba@@ aa@pb@@pabg@ H@ cI@ bma (1

:aa@@ba

:

.
.

)
.(
:
.
:x@na@a@Hb@cI@j (2
104
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
:aa@x@na@bi

.
.
.

40 30
60
.
@ @Zba@a@Zbbq
:
:aa@x@a@a (1

) ( ].[F- test .

:
( ) :
.
105

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
iba@a
:
.( )
:x a a (2

T - )] .
.[(test
.aa@x@b@m@@na@a@@am@ (3
.OLS :
:
:Normality Test aj@bnya@na@ana

( ) ( )

.
106
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
.
.(1) 30
:aj maa na

.
(F) (T)
(R2)
.
:Homoscedasticity (bjna pbjq bjna) aja b bjng

.
.(2) biased
:iba@a@jm@@a@rbi@|
:br
1
Palta, Mari, (2003)," Quantitative Methods in population health:
Extensions of ordinary regression", Wiley IEEE, p 6.
2
Berk, Richard A., (2003)," Regression analysis: a constructive critique", Sage
publications Inc., p 144.
107
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
na a
127 158
130 160
129 175
125 157
115 130
119 150
121 152
124 162
97 125
92 115
85 125
114 145
118 140
110 142
119 140
104 138
102 126
:la
. 5
:paa
108
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
: (1
Regression Analyze (2
: Linear
109
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
:
Consumption [y] .
. Respondent
Income (x) .
. Independent(s)
: Statistics (3
110
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
:
] Durbin Watson .

. [Residuals
Model Fit Estimates .
.
. Continue .
Save : (4
:
111
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
:
Unstandardized .
Predicted Values
standardized .
Residuals
. Continue .
Plots : (5
:
112
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
:
Normal probability plot .
. Standardized Residual Plots
. Continue .
ok : (6
:
Durbin-Watson bjna@byg@zna@b@u .1
113
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
) :R (
.(
.( ) :R Square (
. :Adjusted R Square (
:Std. Error of the Estimate (

.(1)(MSE)
( ) :Durbin-Watson (
.
:ANOVA bjna@@u .2
:
. :Model (
. :Sum of Squares (
. MSE 1
114
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
. :df (
. :Mean Square (
. ) ( :F (
P.Value :Sig (
.
:aa@pb@u .3
:
:Unstandardized Coefficients (
) Constant
(
.(Std. Error)
) Standardized Coefficients (
.(
. ) ( :t (
115
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
]P.Value :Sig (
.[( )
@vna@bnya@ba@vna@bnya@i@@bi@ .4
@ @Nna
@@

.
:z
116
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
Data View
Standardized )
res_1 (Residuals
pre_1 ( y )
:
117
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a

(. )

.
@ @Zpaa
Scatter Graphs (1
:
Define Simple (2
:
118

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ja@a@aa@
:
Standard (
.Y Axis Residual [zre_1]
( ) (
Unstandardized Predicted Value [pre_1]
.X Axis
: ok (3
119
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
@@

:
@a@ aa@x@y@@a@wbna@@na
@ @Zm@
@ @Za@aa@x :@c
Y = 8.149 + 0.735 X
120
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
:
. (8.149) :( 0 )
.(0.735) :( 1 )
@@
Na@a@Z@bbq
:aa pb pabg ( ) bmg (1

:
.
.( )
( ) .
.
Consumption = 8.149 + 0.735 Income

.
:b@z
121
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a

.

.
: x na a (2

[ R-Sq (adj) ] (R-Sq)
.
:na@

( ) 77.1
( ) 77.1
77.1
. (22.9)
:ba@a@Z:brbq
: x a a (1
122
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
:bya a
. :( H 0 )
. :( H 1 )
:e i a
:( H 0 )
.( )
:( H 1 )
.( )
:b na wbna m
ANOVA

P.
Value
Source
F cal MS SS DF
0.0000 54.814 2244.036 2244.036 1

* * 40.939 614.082 15
* * * 2858.118 16
:na
123
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
P.Value :
5

.
:x a a (2
:a

.
.
[T - test ] ( ) :aa
:bya a
:( B 0 )
H :B 0 0
=0
H :B 1 0
0
:( B1 )
H :B 0 1
=0
H :B 1 1
0
:b na wbna m

124
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
P. Value
( )

0.578 0.569 8.149 B 0
0.000 7.404 0.735 B 1
:na
0.578 P.Value ( B0 )
5
.
0.000 P.value ( B1 )
5
. ( B1 )
.ba a pbia (3
Normality Test aj@bnya@na@ana :a@a
:bya a
. :(H0)
. :(H1)
125
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
@ @bbi@Za@a

.
.

)
(.
126

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ja@a@aa@
@@
@LH@@uI@bjna@@@bjna@anbi@biby @Zbra@a
@ @ZH@@ibI@bjna
@ @paa
Descriptive Analyze (1
: Explore Statistics
127
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
: (2
Standardized Residual (
.Dependent List
( Display .Plots
Plots.. (
:
: : (3
128

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ja@a@aa@
Normality Plots with tests (

.
.None Boxplots (
Stem and Leaf
.
( Continue .
OK (4
:Output
:na@wbna@m

P. value

0.20 17 0.129
0.780 17 0.970
129

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
iba@a
:na@
P.Value
0.05

[ ] .
.
@Zaj@maa@na@Zbra@a
:bya@a
) :(H0)
.(
) :(H1)
.(
:a@ac

Durbin Watson Test
:bjna@m@pa
:(DW) :a@a
130
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
Durbin-Watson

.(2.224)
Durbin ) :bra@a
:( Watson
Durbin Watson
(dL) :
.(n) (K) .(du)
: 15 = n 1 = k
d L = 1.08
d u = 1.36
: :rbra@a

:
: (1
.( 4-dL<DW<4 ) :
.( 0<DW<dL ) :
: (2
.( 2<DW<4-du) :
131
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
.( du<DW<2) :
(3
:
.(4-du<DW<4-dL) :
.(dL<DW<du) :
:c@b
. 2.224 DW
Durbin ) 1.36 du
) K ] (Watson
( ) 15 (
(4-1.36= 2.64) .[ 5
.2<DW(2.22417)<2.64 (2<DW<4-du)
:aa@@q@
)
[ ] .(
.
:( )aja@b@bjna@Z@sbra@a@
132
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
:bja@a@@@Za@a

:( )
@@
: c@b@y
( )

] .
. [
133
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a

. Goldfield Quandt
(Goldfield Quandt I@iba@a@Zbra@a

@ @Zpaa
.1
: .
Sort Cases Data .

:
Sort Income (x) .

.by
) Ascending Sort Order
.(
134
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
) ok .
: ( ) (
3.4 )(1 20 .2
. 3
).(10) (9) (8
) 3.4 = 0.20 17( 1
135

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
iba@a
: 7
) (7 )...........(2) (1
).(17 )........(12) (11
)(SSE .3
.
:
)(
:
Select Cases Data

:
136

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ja@a@aa@
Based on time or case range

: Range
:
Continue .
ok

:
137
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
)(x )(y
.
:
138

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ja@a@aa@
(SSE)(1) :
.(411.690)
@HSSEIH2I@ ( )
@ @Z
139
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
iba@a
.(44.824) (SSE)(2)
: ( F ) ( )
(SSE )2 44.824
F = = = 0.1088
(SSE )1 411.690
140
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ja@a@aa@
) ( F )(
) (F ) ( F ) (

.
0.1088 ) ( F c@@b
5.05 ) F(5, 5, 0.05
.
.
141

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
iba@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
142

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
bra@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@ @na@aa@
Multiple Regression
143
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
144

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
na@a@aa@
@ @bra@a
@ @na@a@aa@
@Multiple Linear Regression

@@ u@@ OLS
.Multicollinearity na@pana@i@@xaa
@ @Za@xabi@
.

:
.(1)
:
@ Za@ a

. 0.7 0.7+
1
Makridakis, Spyros, (1998), " Forecasting: methods &
applications", 3 rd Edition, John Wiley & sons Inc., p 288.
145
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
Variance Zbra@ a
. inflation factor (VIF)
. (5) (VIF)
@ @: :br
@@
.5 :la
146
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
na@a@aa@
:paa
: (1
Regression Analyze (2
: Linear
147
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
:
. Respondent [y] .
(x1, X2, X3) .
. Independent(s)
: Statistics .
148
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
na@a@aa@
:
] Durbin Watson .

. [Residuals
] Collinearity diagnostics .

.[
Model Fit Estimates .
..
. Continue .
149
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
Save : (3
:
:
Unstandardized .
Predicted Values
standardized .
Residuals
. Continue .
150
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
na@a@aa@
Plots : (4
:
:
Normal probability plot .
. Standardized Residual Plots
. Continue .
ok : (5
.
@a@aa@x@y@@a@wbna@@na
Zm@
@ @Za@aa@x@Z c
Y = 4.421 + 0.345 X1 1.367 X2 + 0.209 X3
151
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
:
. (4.421) :( 0 )

.(0.345) ( 1 ) o
.(-1.367) ( 2 ) o
.(0.209) ( 3 ) o
@ @Na@a@Z@bbq
:aa@pb@@pabg@H@cI@bma (1

.
: x na a (2

65.2
65.2 (X1, X2, X3)
( 34.8) (Y)
.
@ @Nba@a@ZZbrbq
152
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
na@a@aa@
Z@x@a@a H1
:
. ) :( H 0
. ) :( H 1
:
) :( H 0
(. )
) :( H 1
(. )
:
:
5 P.Value
153

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @bra@a
ANOVA

P.
Value
MS Source
F cal SS DF
0.000 12.874 2.292 6.877 3

* * 0.178 2.849 16
* * * 9.726 19
:x@a@a (2
:
:( B0 )
H :B
0 0
=0
H :B
1 0
0
:( B1 )
H :B
0 1
=0
H :B
1 1
0
:( B 2 )
H :B
0 2
=0
H :B
1 2
0
154
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
na@a@aa@
) :( B3
H :B0 3
=0
H :B1 3
0
P. Value
) (

0.000 11.895 4.421 B 0
0.365 0.931 0.345 B 1
0.000 -5.545 -1.367 B 2
0.001 3.854 0.209 B 3
:
P.Value ) :( B0
5
.
155

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @bra@a
0.365 P.Value :( B1 )
5
. ( B1 )
P.Value :( B2 )
5
. ( B2 )
0.001 P.Value ( B3 )
5
. ( B3 )
.ba a pbia (3
Normality Test aj bnya na ana :a a
:
. :(H0)
. :(H1)
@ @bbi :a@a
156
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
na@a@aa@
:
.( )
) bjna bjna anbi biby :bra a

@ @:( ib) bjna (
@ @paa
157
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
Descriptive Analyze (1
: Explore Statistics
: (2
Standardized Residual -
.Dependent List
- Display .Plots
Plots.. -
:
158

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
na@a@aa@
: : (3
Normality Plots with tests -

.
.None Boxplots -
Stem and Leaf
.
- Continue .
OK (4
:Output
159

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @bra@a
P. value

0.149 20 0.166
0.189 20 0.929
:
P.Value
0.05

[ ] .
.
@ @@Zaj@maa@na@Zbra@a
:
) ):(H0
(.
) ):(H1
(.
160

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
na@a@aa@
:

. Durbin Watson Test
:
):(DW :

).(1.488 )(DW
) :
:(Durbin Watson
: 16 = n 3 = k
d L = 0.86
d u = 1.73
: :

:
: (1
) .( 4-dL<DW<4 :
) .( 0<DW<dL :
161

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @bra@a
: (2
.( 2<DW<4-du) :
.( du<DW<2) :
(3
:
.(4-du<DW<4-dL) :
.(dL<DW<du) :
. (0.86<DW<1.73) dL<DW<du :
( )
. .
@ @ZHbjna@pbjq@bjnaI@aja@b@bjna@Z@sbra@a@
:bja@a@@ :a a
@ @Zpaa
Scatter Graphs (1
:
162
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
na@a@aa@
Simple :
: Define
:
Standard
.Y Axis residual [zre_1]
163
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
( )
Unstandardized Predicted Value
.X Axis ][pre_1
: ok (2

( )

[ ] .
164

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
na@a@aa@
.
. Goldfield Quandt
(Goldfield Quandt I@iba@a@Zbra@a
@ @Zpaa
.1
.
Sort Cases Data .

:
(x3) : .
.Sort by
Ascending Sort Order
.( )
165
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
) ok .
: )(x3 (
4 20 .2
) .(1
).(12) (11) (10) (9
)(1 : 8
(
. )4 = 0.20 20 1
166

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
na@a@aa@
(8) ...........(2)
.(20) ........(14) (13)
(SSE) .3
.
:
.
:
Select Cases Data o
:
: o
Based on time or case range
: Range
167
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
: o
Continue .
ok
:
168

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
na@a@aa@
)(x's )(y .
.
:
)(SSE)(1 :
).(0.721
@HSSEIH2I .
@ @:
169

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @bra@a
).(0.334 )(SSE)(2
170

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
na@a@aa@
: ( F ) .
(SSE )2 0.334
F = = = 0.4632
(SSE )1 0.721
0.4632 ( F ) .
3.44 F(8, 8, 0.05)
.
.
@ @ZH@na@I na@pana@i@a@xaa@@@Z@iaa@a
:(VIF) bjna@m@b@anbiZ c
Coefficients
:
171
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@ @bra@a
:na@wbna@m
Tolerance VIF
0.976 1.025 X1
0.955 1.047 X2
0.946 1.057 X3
:
(5 )
.
(VIF) Tolerance :
1
. VIF =
Tolerance
Correlation Matrix bjma@ Zbbq

:paa
Bivariate Correlate Analyze (1

:
172
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
na@a@aa@
)(X1, X2, X3 : (2
ok Variables
:
173

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@ @bra@a
:j@b@|n
)(0.70

.
174

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
bna@a
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@@
@ @ba@zna
Factor Analysis
175
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
176

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ba@zna
@@
@@
@ @ba@zna
@@
Factor Analysis
@ @Zba@zna@m@ya
:bjma@@z :a ya

:
.( )(1) .
.( ) .
.( )1 0.25 .
.( ) 0.90 .
:a@xaa@@u@@@dna :bra ya
Multi-Collinearity

.
. 1
177
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@bna@a

0.00001 .
( )
0.00001 .
) .( ) 0.80
.(Andy Field
:a@vy@b@@:rbra ya

.
KMO
.test
:wbna@m@aa@na :iaa ya
@ @Z@br
Factor Analysis
:
178
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@zna
@ @Zpaa
Data Reduction Analyze .1

: Factor
179
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@bna@a
: .2
(x1, x2 .. x11)
.Variables
Descriptives .3
:
:
Correlation Matrix
:
180
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@zna
:Coefficients .
.
(P.Value) :Significance Levels .
.
. :Determinant .
:KMO and Bartlett's test of sphericity .
:
. : KMO test o
: Bartlett's test o
.
. Continue .
Extraction : .4
:
181
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@bna@a
: :
Method: .
. Principal components
Unrotated factor Display .
solution
(Display)
Rotated ) Rotation
(solution
Extraction
Principle Method
Component
.Varimax
Scree plot
.
Eigenvalues over Extract .
.(1)
.
:
182
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@zna
Number of factors
.Eigenvalues over
. Continue .
Rotation : .5
:
: :
Extraction .
.Varimax SPSS
:Orthogonal Rotation
183
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@bna@a
.Varimax o
.Quartimax o
Equamax o
: :Oblique Rotation
.Direct Oblimin o
Promax o

. ( )
( )
.

.
. Continue .
Options : .6
:
184
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@zna
Sorted by size .
Suppress absolute value less .
than:
.(0.10) (0.35)
. Continue .
ok : .7
:
@ @Zwbna@m
:Correlation Matrix bjma u: c
:
185
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@bna@a
a Correlation :(a) a a
) (a) bra
.Sig (1 tailed) (
186
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@zna
:wbna@@na

:
.(1) .1
. .2
.1 0.25 .3
. 0.90 .4
KMO and Bartlett's Test @@bjna@wbn@u : bbq
:KMO Test bjna :a bjna

KMO .
.
. 1
187
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@bna@a
Reliability
(Kaiser )1974 .
. 0.50
.
@ @Zwbna@@na
KMO
.Kaiser 0.549
@ @.
Bartlett's Test ombi bjna :bra bjna

Correlation
1
. identity Matrix Matrix
:
. :

) 3 3(
1 0 0
A = 0 1 0
0 0 1
188

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ba@zna
. :
:wbna m

P.Value df (2 )
0.000 55 108.896
:na
P.Value
5
.
:Multi-Collinearity a xaa

.
( ) 0.00001 0.000031
.
.
:b z
189
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@bna@a
.1

.
.2

.
@@
Total Variance Explained a@a@bjna@u@Z@brbq
: 3
Initial Eigenvalues @ ja@ba@a@Za@a
190
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@zna

.
:
: Total .1

:
4.436 + 2.019 + 1.651 + + 0.01958 = 11
: % of Variance .2
:
=)
. ( 100
= ) ( 11 4.43559
. 40.323 = 100
191

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@bna@a
:z
. 3

.
: Cumulative @ .3
% of
.Variance
Extraction [na@j]@na@pzna@pbi@@Zbra@a
: Sums of Squared Loadings

Total .
192
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@zna
. Eigenvalues
|za yaa ab :a@b@aa

( Extraction)
( )

.
Rotation Sums of @@ na@i@pzna@pbi@@Zs

@ bra@a
: Squared Loadings
193
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@bna@a

Rotation
.Varimax
:c@g@ba@@b
.1
.
40.323
.
30.876
.
None Rotation .2
[ ]
194

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ba@zna
.
.
:au@b

( )

Extraction Method
Principle Component
. Varimax
) Component Matrix pba@@u@Zbia

: :(
195
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
@bna@a

j
.
.
) 0.35
( Options
@@
Rotated Component @na@i@pba@@u@Zb@b
: :( ) Matrix
196
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4
ba@zna

. i

)(X9 , X10, X11
.
1

:
Options 1
Sorted by size :
197

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
@bna@a
.( x11 x10 x9 ) :
.( x3 x1 )x4 :
.( x2 x7 )x6 :
(. x5 )x8 :
@ @Za@@

.
.

: .
)(10 )(9
)(11
.
198

#...."!
2*3$ # &4"/01,$-. ()*+'&0020109787442 $%
ba@zna
:ba@
"
: "
Field, Andy P., (2005). Discovering statistics using spss

nd
(2 edition), London, Sage. (Chapter 15).
199
"! #....

0020109787442 $%&'*)( +,$-."/01 2*3$ # &4

التحليل الإحصائي للمتغيرات المتعددة باستخدام برنامج Spss

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

التحليل الإحصائي للمتغيرات المتعددة باستخدام برنامج Spss

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats



7 ......................................... (ANOVA) bya bjna

41 ........................................ (MANOVA) na bjna

63 ....................................... (ANCOVA) bya bna

71 ...................................... (MANCOVA) na bna

79 ................................ Correlation Analysis bjma

  "!  #....

143 ............ Multiple Linear Regression na@a@aa@

175 ............................................. Factor Analysis ba@zna

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

One Way ANOVA .1

One Way ANOVA ya@ba@@bya bjna@@Z c

  "!  #....

a@bu ba@bu a@bu

  "!  #....

Compare Means Analyze (1

  "!  #....

0.036 3.816 65.113 2 130.226

  "!  #....

(Post Hoc) ja@pabjna@@ya@ba@@bjna@

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

Multiple Comparisons :bra@a

P.Value @ @a@n @ @bra@pbba

  "!  #....

Two Way ANOVA ba@@bya bjna@@Zbbq

@@na@ na@na@i@(bjna@qdna@c)@bna@b@by@ @Za@ba

Fiat Cetrion BMW Mercedes

95 110 155 160 80

105 140 145 140 90

85 145 165 170 96

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

GLM Linear Model Analyze ( 1

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

.Full factorial Custom .

. Interaction Main effects .

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

@ @bu @ @n @ @bq @ @ania @ @c @ @bi

130 130 125 110 100 @ @lc

135 125 104 95 111 @ @lc

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

GLM Linear Model Analyze (1

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

Full Custom [Univariate:Model] (1)

@ @N Way ANOVA@ ba ()@@bya@bjna@@Zbrbq

"" : " " :

  "!  #....

  "!  #....

GLM Linear Model Analyze (1

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....

"! #....