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Lipids & Membranes
Lipids & Membranes
Matching
A) amphiphilic
B) vitamin D
C) arachidonic acid
D) phosphatidylethanolamine
E) steroid
F) gangliosides
G) phosphatidylserine
H) glycerophospholipids
I) sphingomyelin
J) cholesterol
K) triacylglycerols
L) plasmalogen
M) nonpolar
1. ______ are the fats and oils that constitute the lipids of the human diet.
Ans: K
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
2. The ______ are the major lipid components of the cell membrane.
Ans: H
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: I
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: B
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: G
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: E
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: L
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
8. Glycosphingolipids with complex carbohydrate head groups that often serve as cellular
receptors are ______.
Ans: F
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification, 12-2. Properties of Lipid Aggregates
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Multiple Choice
11. Which of the following statements does not apply to fatty acids?
A) They most commonly have 14-20 carbons.
B) They usually have an even number of carbons.
C) Double bonds, when they occur, are usually conjugated.
D) In higher plants and animals, C16 and C18 species predominate.
E) None of the above.
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
12. Rank the melting points of the following fatty acids from highest to lowest:
(1) cis-oleate (18:1)
(2) trans-oleate (18:1)
(3) linoleate (18:2)
A) 1 > 2 > 3
B) 2 > 1 > 3
C) 2 > 3 > 1
D) 3 > 1 > 2
E) none of the above
Ans: B
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-2. Properties of Lipid Aggregates
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes
18. Which experiment listed below did NOT verify the fluid mosaic model of membranes?
A) erythrocyte anchoring studies
B) mutarotation experiments
C) cell fusion experiments
D) fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments
E) none of the above
Ans: B
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 12-4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting
20. The protein that forms a transmembrane pore that allows preproteins to pass through the ER
membrane is called the ______.
A) signal recognition particle
B) signal peptidase
C) docking protein
D) translocon
E) none of the above
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting
Ans: E
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
22. Triglycerides contain more metabolic energy per unit weight than glycogen because:
A) the carbohydrate glycerol is readily metabolized
B) anhydrous glycogen cannot be cleaved by glycogen phosphorylase
C) fatty acids are less oxidized than carbohydrates
D) triglycerides have a higher average molecular mass
E) none of the above
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Esasy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
25. While fatty acids are most often formed by the condensation of __-carbon units, isoprenoids
are assembled from __-carbon units.
A) 5, 3
B) 4, 2
C) 2, 3
D) 2, 5
E) 3, 4
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-2. Properties of Lipid Aggregates
27. Cold blooded animals modulate the fatty acid composition of their membranes as a function
of temperature in order to:
A) adjust the membrane thickness and thus the thermal insulating power
B) insure the ready availability of fatty acids for metabolism
C) maintain membrane fluidity
D) compensate for decreasing cholesterol solubility
E) all of the above
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-2. Properties of Lipid Aggregates
28. Which of the following amino acids is most likely to be found on the exterior, membrane-
contacting, surface of an integral membrane protein?
A) Gly
B) Gln
C) Glu
D) Ala
E) Asp
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes
Ans: B
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes
30. Which of the following is (are) not found as covalently attached anchors in lipid-linked
proteins:
A) isoprenoid groups
B) fatty acids
C) cholesterol and other sterols
D) glycosylphosphatidyl inositol groups
E) all of the above
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes
31. Which of the following classes of proteins is most difficult to remove from a bilayer
membrane?
A) extrinsic proteins
B) lipid-linked proteins
C) transmembrane proteins
D) peripheral proteins
E) hydrophilic proteins
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting
33. The _________ model describes the cell membrane as an assortment of integral protein
icebergs floating in a lipid sea.
A) FRAP
B) cellular fusion
C) membrane skeleton
D) lateral diffusion
E) fluid mosaic
Ans: E
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting
35. The translocon, which is found in the endoplasmic reticulum, is a _______ protein.
A) soluble
B) lipid-linked
C) transmembrane
D) peripheral
E) extrinsic
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting
37. Which of the following segments of the integral membrane protein glycophorin most likely
contains the membrane-spanning sequence:
A) LSTTEVAMHTTTSSSVSKSY
B) ISSQTNDTHKRDTYAATPRA
C) HEVSEISVRTVYPPEEETGE
D) PEITLIIFGVMAGVIGTILL
E) ISYGIRRLIKKSPSDVKPLP
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes
38. Which would be most likely to be found in the cell membranes of arctic mammals?
A) very high concentrations of cholesterol
B) polyunsaturated lipids
C) saturated lipids
D) trans-fats
E) elevated concentrations of hemoglobin
Ans: B
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting
40. Glycosphingolipids with several attached carbohydrates (including at least one sialic acid)
are called:
A) lipid rafts
B) ceramides
C) sphingiosides
D) gangliosides
E) proteoglycans
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-1. Lipid Classification
41. In which cellular location does the synthesis of N-linked oligosaccharides take place?
A) Golgi apparatus
B) cytosol
C) mitochondrial matrix
D) It depends upon the specific cell type/species.
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting
Ans: B
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 12-3. Biological Membranes