Mei Kurniasih Kelompok 2

A1H014011 Saepul Misbach

Acara 1
UJI MUTU SECARA DESTRUKTIF
(Uji Kekerasan dan Uji Kadar Air)

Tabel 1. Data hasil pengujian kadar air.

Nomo
Berat awal Berat kering
r Berat cawan Kadar air Kadar air
sampel bahan sampel bahan
sampe (gram) (%bb) (%bk)
(gram) (gram)
l
Hari ke-1
1. 44,35 5,04 45,98 6,90 7,42
2. 48,99 5,04 49,58 8,24 8,98
3. 39,48 5,01 40,08 9,91 11,00
Rata-rata 8,35 9,13
Hari ke-2
1. 44,34 5,09 45,05 8,86 9,72
2. 48,96 5,06 49,69 8,02 8,71
3. 39,47 5,05 40,13 9,86 10,94
Rata-rata 8,91 9,79
Hari ke-3
1. 44,35 5,02 45,12 8,61 9,42
2. 49,02 5,13 49,8 8,03 8,73
3. 39,50 5,02 40,21 9,68 10,72
Rata-rata 8,77 9,62

Perhitungan Kadar Air:

1. Kadar air basis basah

Hari ke-1
mcb awalmcb akhir
a. % kadar air (%bb) = mcb awal x 100%

( 44,35+5,04 ) 45,98
= (44,35+5,04) x 100% = 6,90 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

b. % kadar air (%bb) = mcb awal x 100%

( 48,99+5,04 ) 49,58
= (48,99+5,04) x 100% = 8,24 %
 mcb awalmcb akhir
c. % kadar air (%bb) = mcb awal x 100%

( 39,48+5,01 ) 40,08
= (39,48+5,01) x 100% = 9,91 %

d. Rata-rata
kadar air sampel 1+ 2+ 3
% kadar air (%bb) = 3
6,90+ 8,24+ 9,91
= 3

= 8,35 %
Hari ke-2
mcb awalmcb akhir
a. % kadar air (%bb) = mcb awal x 100%

( 44,34+5,09 ) 45,05
= (44,34+5,09) x 100% = 8,86 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

b. % kadar air (%bb) = mcb awal x 100%

( 48,96+5,06 ) 49,69
= (48,96+5,06) x 100% = 8,02 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

c. % kadar air (%bb) = mcb awal x 100%

( 39,47+ 5,05 )40,13

= (39,47+ 5,05) x 100% = 9,86 %

d. Rata-rata
kadar air sampel 1+ 2+ 3
% kadar air (%bb) = 3
8,86+8,02+9,86
= 3

= 8,91 %

Hari ke-3
 mcb awalmcb akhir
a. % kadar air (%bb) = mcb awal x 100%

( 44,35+5,02 )45,12
= (44,35+5,02) x 100% = 8,61 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

b. % kadar air (%bb) = mcb awal x 100%

( 49,02+5,13 )49,8
= (49,02+5,13) x 100% = 8,03 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

c. % kadar air (%bb) = mcb awal x 100%

( 39,50+5,02 ) 40,21
= (39,50+5,02) x 100% = 9,68 %

d. Rata-rata
kadar air sampel 1+ 2+ 3
% kadar air (%bb) = 3
8,61+ 8,03+9,68
= 3

= 8,77 %
2. Kadar air basis kering
Hari ke-1
mcb awalmcb akhir
a. % kadar air (%bk) = mcb akhir x 100%

( 44,35+5,04 ) 45,98
= (45,98) x 100% = 7,42 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

b. % kadar air (%bk) = mcb akhir x 100%

( 48,99+5,04 ) 49,58
= (49,58) x 100% = 8,98 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

c. % kadar air (%bk) = mcb akhir x 100%

( 39,48+5,01 ) 40,08
= (40,08) x 100% = 11,00 %

d. Rata-rata
 kadar air sampel 1+ 2+ 3
% kadar air (%bk) = 3
7,42+8,98+ 11,00
= 3

= 9,13 %
Hari ke-2
mcb awalmcb akhir
a. % kadar air (%bk) = mcb akhir x 100%

( 44,34+5,09 ) 45,05
= (45,05) x 100% = 9,72 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

b. % kadar air (%bk) = mcb akhir x 100%

( 48,96+5,06 ) 49,69
= (49,69) x 100% = 8,71 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

c. % kadar air (%bk) = mcb akhir x 100%

( 39,47+ 5,05 )40,13

= (40,13) x 100% = 10,94 %

d. Rata-rata
kadar air sampel 1+ 2+ 3
% kadar air (%bk) = 3
9,72+ 8,71+ 10,94
= 3

= 9,79 %
Hari ke-3
mcb awalmcb akhir
a. % kadar air (%bk) = mcb akhir x 100%

( 44,35+5,02 )45,12
= (45,12) x 100% = 9,42 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

b. % kadar air (%bk) = mcb akhir x 100%
 ( 49,02+5,13 )49,8
= (49,8) x 100% = 8,73 %

mcb awalmcb akhir

c. % kadar air (%bk) = mcb akhir x 100%

( 39,50+5,02 ) 40,21
= (40,21) x 100% = 10,72 %

d. Rata-rata
kadar air sampel 1+ 2+ 3
% kadar air (%bk) = 3
9,42+ 8,73+10,72
= 3

= 9,62 %

9.00
8.90
8.80
8.70
8.60
Kadar air (% bb) 8.50
8.40
8.30
8.20
8.10
8.00
1 2 3
Waktu (hari)

Gambar 1. Grafik kadar air basis basah.

 9.80
9.70
9.60
9.50
9.40
Kadar air (% bk) 9.30
9.20
9.10
9.00
8.90
8.80
1 2 3
Waktu (hari)

Gambar 2. Grafik kadar air basis kering.

Tabel 2. Data hasil pengujian kekerasan.

Kedalaman (mm)
Ket. Hari ke-1 Hari ke-2 Hari ke-3
1 2 3 Rata2 1 2 3 Rata2 1 2 3 Rata2
Pangkal 1,8 2,75 1,9 2,15 2,15 1,9 2,25 2,10 1,15 1,75 1,05 1,32
Ujung 0,75 0,8 1 0,85 1,1 1,1 1,25 1,15 1 0,7 1 0,90
Tengah 1,15 1,1 1,9 1,38 1,25 1,45 1,85 1,52 1,15 1,1 1,15 1,13
Jumlah 4,38 4,77 3,35
Rata-rata 1,46 1,59 1,12
Luas penampang 1,96 1,96 1,96
Kekerasan buah 0,74 0,81 0,57

Perhitungan

1. Kekuatan tekan hari ke-1

sampel 1+2+3 1,8+ 2,75+ 1,9
a. Rata-rata pangkal = 3 = 3 = 2,15 kg

sampel 1+2+3 0,75+ 0,8+1

b. Rata-rata ujung = 3 = 3 = 0,85 kg

sampel 1+2+3 1,15+1,1+1,9

c. Rata-rata tengah = 3 = 3 = 1,38 kg
 PUT 2,15+ 0,85+1,38
d. Rata-rata keseluruhan = 3 = 3 = 1,46 kg

2. Kekuatan tekan hari ke-2

sampel 1+2+3 2,15+ 1,9+ 2,25
a. Rata-rata pangkal = 3 = 3 = 2,10

kg
sampel 1+2+3 1,1+1,1+1,25
b. Rata-rata ujung = 3 = 3 = 1,15 kg

sampel 1+2+3 1,25+1,45+ 1,85

c. Rata-rata tengah = 3 = 3 = 1,52

kg
PUT 2,10+ 1,15+ 1,52
d. Rata-rata keseluruhan = 3 = 3 = 1,59 kg

3. Kekuatan tekan hari ke-3

sampel 1+2+3 1,15+1,75+ 1,05
a. Rata-rata pangkal = 3 = 3 = 1,32

kg
sampel 1+2+3 1+0,7 +1
b. Rata-rata ujung = 3 = 3 = 0,90 kg

sampel 1+2+3 1,15+1,1+1,15

c. Rata-rata tengah = 3 = 3 = 1,13

kg
PUT 1,32+0,90+ 1,13
d. Rata-rata keseluruhan = 3 = 3 = 1,12 kg

4. Luas penampang = 2 r (r + t) = 2 x 3,14 x 0,25 x (0,25 + 1) = 1,96 cm2

5. Kekerasan buah
ratarata kuat tekanan 1,46
a. Hari ke-1 = luas penampang = 1,96 = 0,74 kg/ cm2

ratarata kuat tekanan 1,59

b. Hari ke-2 = luas penampang = 1,96 = 0,81 kg/ cm2

ratarata kuat tekanan 1,12

c. Hari ke-3 = luas penampang = 1,96 = 0,57 kg/ cm2
 0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
Kekerasan buah (kg/cm) 0.4

0.3
0.2
0.1
0
1 2 3
Waktu (hari)

Gambar 3. Grafik hubungan antara waktu dengan kekerasan buah.