Appendix

A.8 Requirements for Current Transformer of Transformer Differential Protection (Phase Current Transformer)

A.8 Requirements for Current Transformer of Transformer Differential

Protection (Phase Current Transformer)
Transformer Type Required Factor ALF'
Minimum Internal Fault External Fault
IEC 5P, IEC 10P108 25
(up to 80% remanence)
IEC 5PR, IEC 10PR109 12.5

Required Product Ktd KSSC

IEC TPX 25
(up to 80 % remanence)
IEC TPY 12.5

IEC TPZ 12.5

Required Knee-Point Voltage Ek (Vrms)

IEC PX 20 Isr Rs
(up to 80 % remanence)

IEC PXR 10 Isr Rs

Required Transformer Terminal Voltage Vta (Vrms)

ANSI C (Isr = 5 A)
25 Isr Rba
(up to 80 % remanence)

Remanence leads to an earlier saturation which, in general, is critical for the differential protection. For new
systems, Siemens recommends anti-remanence cores in the classes 5PR, PXR and TPY. In case of the high
direct-current components to be expected, Siemens recommends the class TPZ, so that an overfunction with
external faults is avoided.
ALF' Operational accuracy limit factor

ALF'

ALF Rated accuracy limit factor

Rct Secondary winding resistance
Rb Ohmic rated burden
Rba Connected ohmic rated resistive burden
Rs (Rct + Rba)
Ipr Primary rated current of the transformer
Isr Secondary rated current of the transformer
IInt.max Maximum internal symmetric fault current
IExt.max Maximum external symmetric fault current
Ktd Transient rated dimensioning factor

108 fault angle is not specified in IEC 61869-2, therefore, the Class 10P for the differential protection is not recommended.
109 fault angle is not specified in IEC 61869-2, therefore, the Class 10P for the differential protection is not recommended.

1614 SIPROTEC 5, Transformer Differential Protection, Manual

C53000-G5040-C016-6, Edition 11.2015
 Appendix
A.8 Requirements for Current Transformer of Transformer Differential Protection (Phase Current Transformer)

KSSC Factor of the symmetric rated short-circuit current = Ipsc/Ipr

Ek Knee-point voltage
Vt Rated terminal voltage with 20-fold rated current and rated burden Rb
Vta Current terminal voltage with 20-fold rated current and current burden Rba

NOTE

L When using distance or line differential protection functions in the transformer differential protection, the
current-transformer requirements of the line protection are to be considered. You can find these in the Line
protection manual (C53000-G5040-C010).

Example

[dwwdlanf-301012-01.tif, 1, en_US]

Layout of Current Transformer 1 (Transf. 1):

Iint.max = 31.5 kA
Transformer rated current IN,Tr = 200 000 kVA/(3 100 kV) = 1050 A (110 kV side)
Iext.max = IN,Tr 100 %/uk = 1050 A 100 %/14 % = 7498 A (110 kV side)
KSSC(int) = 31 500 A/1250 A = 25.2, KSSC(ext) = 7498 A/1250 A = 6.0
a) IEC class 5P
1st internal fault: ALF' = 0.5 31 500 A/1250 A = 12.6
2nd external fault: ALF' = 2 7498 A/1250 A = 12 but minimum 25
Result:
Operating accuracy limiting factor of 25, for example: 5P30, Rb = Sr/Isr 2 connected burden Rba (for
example: Sr = 2.5 VA or 5 VA)
b) IEC class TPZ
1st internal fault: Ktd KSSC = 0.4 31 500 A/1250 A = 10.08
2nd external fault: Ktd KSSC = 1.5 7498 A/1250 A = 9 but minimum 12.5
Result:
The product Ktd KSSC must be 12.5, for example: KSSC = KSSC(int) 25 and Ktd = 0.5
Rated burden Rb connected burden Rba (for example, Rb = 2.5 or 5 )
c) IEC class PX, assumption: Rct = 4.3 , Rba = 1.5
1st internal fault:

[fofintek-161112-01.tif, 2, en_US]

2nd external fault:

[fofextek-161112-01.tif, 2, en_US]

SIPROTEC 5, Transformer Differential Protection, Manual 1615

C53000-G5040-C016-6, Edition 11.2015
Appendix
A.8 Requirements for Current Transformer of Transformer Differential Protection (Phase Current Transformer)

but minimum Ek = 20 Isr Rs = 20 1 A (4.3 + 1.5 ) = 116 Vrms

Result:
The PX transformer must have a knee-point voltage of 116 Vrms, for example: Ek = 150 Vrms.

1616 SIPROTEC 5, Transformer Differential Protection, Manual

C53000-G5040-C016-6, Edition 11.2015