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I --- --C 2 -d- 2005

Ram: Hi Shyam and Prem, well met


at: 'at' ---- -- --
You are talking
(--- ).
about the college day perhaps.
-o-. p-C l.
Sekhar: How good are you at Telugu?
College Day
(O -J-* x-
- well met
--o-d-o? = --- (O - a?)
Sanjeev: Just give me some time. I will be
conversation
- *--C. as good at it as you are. (\h
practise ) time y. F
Shyam: Yea, about the item we want to
present.
x--)
Sekhar: I am poor at Hindi ( C )
(. V v-Jz-- Sanjeev: I am quick at picking up languages
J*) (- y h)
Ram: And what's that going to be? (
- -- -.
v-Jz----o?) the temple supervising some repairs.
a) He is good at giving such talks. Sushma: Doesn't matter. conversa-
(D O
Prem: We are yet to take a decision about ( - --}-. V v-
b) Our Principal is good at picking such tions I am at
---)
it. (E -J-* Eg B- . vA v- h. x
experts. leisure. (at leisure pronun-
-S;
Lq C) Engineer friend \ o.)
good at j N L--. ciation: measure
-. ,
Ram: OK. O, that reminds me. There will Dad: Your mother needs some medicines.
Poor at Maths Maths . pleasure What do you
).
be a talk on 'Decision Making' by Perhaps the shop is open now.
Quick at understanding want?
Prof. Nischai tomorrow at 6 at col- Shop
(t L. J
y n ----. x Sumana: You are good at English, Please
lege. Are you coming? (, h- -?)
*aC. reminds me = h*a x- , u y 'at' . explain this lesson.
Amar: That shop is my friends. He opens
a) - -- N- u h Sushma: I am good at English, but I am not
-p- ---- 'od h- shop quite early. I think it is open
He is slow at doing things. so good at explaining.
*aC, E E-C English. O con-
versation . J- 'Eg-

talking about..
-v -J-* Prof. Ea--
x----o college . -O-
h-o?)
Shyam and
Prem: Oh, sure. No missing it. Prof.
Nischai is very good at giving
Sumana: I am a little
such talks. We will certainly now. ( shop friend C.
slow at under-
make it. miss
( . y- Bh. p J -
standing

-x--- 54
- N--O things. Our
--)
x-) teacher is fast.
j -- -E-*C
Ram: Just as our Principal is good at pick- , -s 'the' -,
Many of my
ing such experts. ( E-- classmates
-s 'the' ----. J-nA
Principal
- -) b) Maths
- E-- u v- hC.
He is hopeless at Maths. are quick at
Shyam: That's true. M. SURESAN Eo v- vu- Eo ---
c) grammar learning.
Prem: You are right. -
Sushma: OK I'll try. Let us see how good I
J-N- . School, college, institu-
prepositions about, on, at He is bad at grammar. tion N Nu-u--E, Nu -
j -- am at it.
d) --J Cd (learning and teaching) J-N, vu.
-E- . --C , b) Pavan: What do you know about the
about J* E. About the book = She is the best of all of us at singing. hospital, clinic, nursing home N
movie?
Now practise the following aloud in ju -E, ju --E vu.
h-Eo J*. Prakash: What movie are you talking
a) Eo - -J-* paper C English: temples, churches, mosques (masjids)
about?
Sushma: Hi, Sumana, N -, --, vn-- vu
We read about him in the paper.
a? Pavan: The one showing at Navrang.
Sumana: busy v-. v-/ n vu --
b) school days
x -x J* x- y o-N-p? (Showing The movie is
-.
--o Sushma: y-. -S- o, L now showing at the theatre. vh-N-h-o-p 'the' .
p? I A B
They talked about their school days. E - 'run' E
Sumana: F English -a . les- Students/ go to school, college,
c) E -J--* h- . The movie ran for a hun-
son h explain -. lecturers/ are at university etc.
I do not remember any thing about it. dred days)
Sushma: English --a. -E professors...
on: Prakash: I think its (it is) a movie about
A p x- B p x
l, u N-- -J--* Explain -- p-.
on
-p- . corruption in politics.
Sumana: n ----- h slow. Pavan: Yes, that reminds me. I read an
vu - h d,
He is going to talk on decision making school, college, etc 'the' . N--
teacher - fast hC. article in the paper on the same
Eg vv -J--*. classmates --C y topic yesterday. maga-
x, schools, colleges, etc --
a) v-y--u-Eo -J--* u C (vA--, --Ex, go to/ are at the school/
It is essay on our democracy.
a---. zines u- articles
college etc.
Sushma: OK. v-Aoh. l ) There were some lines
b) j t--u- -J--* E-C C A student goes to college/ their parents go
--. in it about this movie.
It is a report on farmers suicides. to the college.
b) Pavan: O -J-* F ? Prakash: I read it too. The writer is very
(to meet the principal, pay the fees, etc)
Prakash: movie -J-* y--? clever at this kind of analysis.
II (devotees),
h - -vn- -n-
Pavan: -- p- ---o movie Pavan: Talking about articles, (N--E- They go to temple/ to church/ to
---.
h talking about/ coming to) all
J* mosque, etc.
Prakash: C --- N-F-AE J* the centre page articles in the
the engineer is at the
- --,
paper are good. The trouble is, all
-. temple to supervise some repairs .--o
of them are on politics.
Pavan: p h-*aC. Eo paper
    
(-\ -}- )
-v-o: Direct -* Indirect speech a- Eo -J--* l u
C. Eo lines Amar: Dad, I am starting for college. When
III Doctors, nurses, patients go to hospital.
Ox--Jhospital hospital
E d,
p Interoggative sentence if
-- will you be there? 'the' Amar's
. - --
*vEo -J--* --o.
whether if
hC. E p college father, after returning from the hospital
Prakash: C u. E - ( ho. O-p--
L? whether p - L- \?) o . \- patient ,
- Nx-- - L-N--- doctor
Synthesis of sentences (so- Dad: You mean, at the college? (y--, -}--- E .
----. . (Nx- analysis) college You know, mother is A patient is at hospital. Their friends and rel-
that/ neither nor, not only but also) - Pavan: u N--E-h, vA cen-
?)
going to hospital. I am taking her atives go to the hospital to see.
-T- -l-- -N--J---. tre page articles Fo business persons open
there; after coming back from the - -N---
.--_-v-, . Fo ----- hospital I will see you at the college. shop, close shop, are at shop. go to
--j-
N-- -J- . (t hospital ----C . the shop, are at the shop.

---: Direct * Indirect speech Answers


Sushma: Hi Sumana, What brings you *a- y
Hospital
B---o.
college
*
-h.)
Karun: What's your brother, Kesav?
brother
(O h- --?)
Ja--p, (Interrogative sentences here? conversational expres-
(C Where is Arun? ( \?) Keshav: He goes to college.
) if , whether . sion. conversation
C O Amar: He has gone to temple. You know college student
( - o-
Synthesis of sentences -J-* 'He goes to college'
) today is friday. Every friday he goes . D-E-
N-Jh. Sumana: How busy are you now? to temple. His engineer friend is at --E N p-).
I --- -- 4 -d- 2005
Aravind: When are you starting for college? Praphul: Too many visitors for you
(College -p- -l- (F a-x K -\-)
-o?) 3) For -l--, -}-, --- (pre-
Bhanu: Why, as usual at 9. pare), - - (ready)
(? - Nt-C-) E -L verbs \ hC. j -
Aravind: But yesterday you left even at 8. -
(E Eo y E-N-C -l- a) start for, leave for, set out for (Eo-
. Even at 8= at 8 itself = n -l-- -)
E-N-C-) Delhi -l-- / --x
Bhanu: No, I started at 8, but it was not for leave for Delhi (setout for Delhi)
college. I went to Suman's and b) prepare for the match; be ready for the
from there, we two set out for col- match; practise for the match b) The names of things unique of their kind
b) Ao-Dl -\ = The more we eat,
lege at 8.45. (Unique =
4) Famous, well known, known, (--C/ j- A C h the fatter we become.
(E-N-C- -l-JC, college v-Cl--C, etc) y 'for' -h-C. --) c) -*--Dl _ = The more you
. . \-o* L Notorious for. c) The names of rivers, seas, oceans,
college -l) walk, the more active you are.
Practise the following: ranges of mountains, groups of islands,
set out= -l-- conversation d) h \--Dl L \ = The higher
Subha: (over phone) Hi Sobha, - thanks countries formed by groups of states.
. you climb, the colder it.
Sobha: (for ) [Imp: No 'the' before the name of a single
Aravind: Have you sent for Bharat yet? No.2: uh x , - h,
Subha: y N -x --. mountain/ single island]
( / \--* N? d) Designations and offices (No 'the' before
, x (proper nouns) , the .
d?) \ The Amitab, The Sharook Khan
-o x-E u-i --

What for?..
J , x Jx*a, E 'the'
.
1) 21 -l D
He is the Gandhi of the 20th C.
( D-J x -
Bhanu : What for? (? -u designations and o. DE ----h- E)
for what E ) offices if you mention 2) He is the Bhima of class - - class
thereafter the name
-x--- 55
Aravind : Have you forgotten? We have got H.
to practise for the match next of the person) Now Practise the Following:
week. e) before a countable
(--*---? a- a) Krishna: Hi Kumar p---\o?
Match practise Sobha: singular, to talk of the
-L ?) N-- *. N-- v-Cl- Kumar: - Hollywood -.
Bhanu : He is in Chennai for his cousin's whole class
, T--Lx - (
f) the superlative degree
M. SURESAN Krishna: Mumbai ?
wedding. I'll (I will) call him today varieties) Kumar: . \ -o--Dl --
and tell him that we should pre- Subha: of the adjective,
pare for the match.
j--- --p ---
g) the comparative degree, when it is not fol-
E--*C. Mumbai.
--o? (Start .) Krishna: v%A u (Beauty of Nature)
(x cousin R} j o --}. Sobha: j--? ? lowed by 'then'.
phone match ready Subha: v-V---E. p -: - Qt. C -
Manohar: Good morning Mahesh, why are Switzerland C. \ Dal -
Lq E h) Sobha: o vA h-o.
Aravind: Tell him to start early. He is known you up so early? ( y q Boat trip -C.
AJ--*a--y j--
for his game but notorious for his Ev ? Up \ Ev---. \ --o ---
A -*-h. (Leave ).
lack of time sense. simple . -E-hC.
t -J C .
(y t. Game -- Subha: y h F V- - Conversation ). b) Prabhat: Hi Prakash, C-
E C. -- Time sense = --E J. Mahesh: I get up (am up) by this time o?
punctuality = - -- F every day. I go for a morning walk Prakash: u a. fami-
Sobha: OK.
C.) (-p time * -h). ly E -.
Notorious=-J- \---L Answer:
Manohar: Walking is good. The longer you Prabhat: t-_?
Shubha: (over phone) Hi Sobha, Thanks a
walk the stronger you are.
= - x, - ( Prakash: x -J-* -\
-. a notorious murderer= lot.
Sobha: What for?
h ) x- *C.
C -. Famous actor = Mahesh: That's true. But my classmate ANSWERS:
v-l ) Shubha: For sending me mangoes. Where
Sudheer walks 6 kms every morn- a) krishna: Hi Kumar, Where have you
j -- for . are they from?
ing. And really he is the Amitab of been?
1) uC (period of Sobha: From Vijayawada. You know
classmate
our College. ( Kumar: I was in the Hollywood of india
time) for hC for 10 minutes Vijayawada is famous for the two
Sudheer W 6 Kms -h. Krishna: You mean Mumbai?
(10 E-N-), for an hour (), for 3 varieties. Rasaalu and
years (-x) etc.
College N-) Kumar: Yes, the more I stayed there, the
Banginapalli.
Manohar: Why so? (-E?)
2) 'for' u -- , l-P-* Shubha: Then when are you starting for more/ the longer I wanted to stay.
Mahesh: He is as tall as Amitab (N-
n-. Hyderabad? How beautiful Mumbai is.
) Krishna: If you talk of the beauty of nature,
j -- Sobha: Hyderabad, what for?
a) Send for Bharat = -- /-- Manohar: And who is the Sharook Khan of
Subha: To spend a few days with me/ nothing to beat Kashmir (Kashmir
b) what for? = - /- - your class?
for spending a few days with me. dC . Nothing to beat
c) for the match = match /match (O class Sharook Khan ?)
Sobha: Dad is leaving for Mumbai tonight. Kashmir). That is the Switzerland
Mahesh: I haven't (have not) thought of it
(l) Only after he returns, do I think of of India. The boat trip in the Dal
d) for his cousin's marriage = cousin (E -J-* ---*--)
Hyderabad. lake is very pleasant. There too
Rx--/- -Rx - -Eo-x 'The' !
Subha: If you come I want you to be here the more you stay, the more you
e) o v Delhi o = The longer you walk, The stronger you are.
for a week. want to stay.
Dad bought this dress for me in Delhi. ( The Amitab of the College; The Sharook
Sobha: Ok. b) Prabhat: Hi Prakash, you look sad
/ - l-P-*) Khan.
f) h - = This book is for z z z z z z No. 1: h *C. Prakash: My Uncle has come he is the

Ramesh. -p-- Eo lessons 'the' Sakuni of our Family


u- English p-p Comparatives
g) Praphul: some one has come for you. -J-* a-o N- v-: . -- -- 'the' p L. Prabhat: Is he so bad?
(-F - a.) We use the before a) E -F Dl --E--hC. Prakash: The less we talk about such
Prasanth: for me? at this hour? a) The names of great and holy books (The The more you see it, the more you wish to people, the better for us.
(-? -i?) Ramayanam, etc.) see it.
I --- --C 9 -d- 2005
Charan: Hi Chandra, how are you?
a) F * \ a-o G---
Chandra: Fine Thanks, how are you? = congratulations/ congrats on your
Charan: Same here. Thanks. Congrats. good marks.
(Congrats = Congratulations -v- Congratulations = -j --j- -C-*-p-
u----q -- -\ -- = -p-C. --E --- thanks h.
--G----) b) y Eo-j-- Congrats
Chandra: What on? (?) Congrats on your election.
Charan: On your fine performance in the c) congrats
-*--
play yesterday. Congrats on your excellent action/ per-
formance.
(y Eo - - d) Congress con-
L*--
- -*--) grats. Congrats to congress on its excel-
Performance - ---q - \- lent performance in the elections.
a) vA--E x \ O ---- Mohan: - -x d O \
-- = j, u (Performance -E-) s, \ time % h-
He depends on his sister for every thing.
u-i N-Eo - 2) Comment on: Comment uu . - \ time ---
b) {Eo d
Performance in a play/ movie/ Comment
-/--G-v- L--a-.
'on'. Crops depend on rains. .
game/ as a leader = -/ E- y Girija and
a) c) Fo s--d ?
perform-
/ -- J p --- -J-* - Sailaja: y O comments h-od.
He always on comments on others. Everything depends on money.
ance play=
J Ey-/ E-B. = b) Lakshman: p -l-?
make comments/ pass comments d) N v d ---C
x = - --; E Madhu: F O -- -C.
uu - n. Success depends on hard work. y-p ready p.
n - C.
Chandra: Thank you.

on the campus..
Charan: Every one was commenting on
your action only. They were all
praise for you
Chandra: Oh, that's (that was nothing).
Thanks any way. How's your
practice of cricket going? Hope
you will be on the college team for
5) Spend on: Lakshman: late y--.
the finals. ( -----. E C
thanks. cricket practice
u. x G- * o.
-x--- 56
F
C? College finals team Spend = a--d-. x L--p- -
y---E P-ho) -- (V, .
Madhu: --E
Charan: Not so bad. Every thing depends b) ----p- -- -J-* uu-E--
)
on my game in the first two a) -O --h-o?
He never comments/ makes comments/ Lakshman: F -*a. E congrats.
matches. passes comments on others.
a d M. SURESAN
Chandra: And what are you going to do dur- c) performance
- -J-* uu - He has spent a lot J - A M.
(of money) on the house. Lakshmi: selections \ -- -
ing the vacation? -. -E - -E -
b)
- h -C vo. W u h o?
(-x ---o?) Lakshman: College campus .
Charan: (I am going to) spend some time It's (It is) easy to comment/ pass com- I spend two hours (every day) on exercise.
ments/ make comments on others' per- Answers:
on bowling practice. (I) need to c) practice -
formance but how well we do a thing is the a) Girija: How much did you spend on the
improve my bowling. bowl- He spent the whole of last week on prac-
( question. dress?
ing practice bowling tice.
L. 3) On the team. team . -- - Sailaja: I spent Rs. 2500/- on it. Isn't (is not)
d) E p d- \ a -
-----Lq - C) (in
-o. - ' n) it worth so much?
Chandra: Ok, then. Good luck, bye. Anil spends a lot (of money) on clothes.
--xEnglish on
hC. G- (worth = N; is worth = N -
(, F %d --E J, = on the list; on the rolls,
d = Spend y on , waste y - N - / ----
on the premises; on.
h-J) --= Nu- - - = Worth/ not worth. The movie
Charan: Bye - = on the campus, etc. e) TV h time % h is not worth half the price of the ticket =
j -- preposition 'on' a) Eo team a He wastes time on the TV/watching the TV. E ticket d s- -
-E-. We do not take you on the team. f) - friends time % h . Waste.
1) Congratulations p--p, b) G- -- -C He wastes time/ a lot of time on friends. Girija: I think you wasted at least Rs. 400.
v: What on? His name is first on the list. Now practise the following in English: I won't (will not) spend more than
c) -- E--N t-A- a) Girija: dress d o?
: On your fine performance. I do not allow such things on my premises.
y Rs. 2000/- on it.
2) commenting on (Spend) Sailaja: I spent at least two hours on that
d) C College - --
3) on the college team Sailaja: 2500 -. hC ? selection.
It did not happen on the campus.
4) depends on Girija: F 400 - E O % Mohan: Generally women waste a lot (of
4) Depend on = C common. -
5) spend time on C depend = ----. - -. - 2000 --- money), a lot more of time, on
O preposition 'on' Eo -s. E/ JO ---- d. dresses, and still more on make up
1) Congratulations (Congrats E . English . Depend Sailaja: F dC selec- (still =).
On.
) y p y p 'on'. tion . (spend, I ) Girija and
Sailaja: Just as you are commenting on us.
-v-o: Home, House, Residence - Home, house - --N- -? She has two houses in Hyderabad, and one b) Lakshman: When shall we start?
nx --N? OE p-- in Vijayawada = j--- x, N- Madhu: (Everything) depends on you,
p --T- N-J---. -- x -o. But She lives in whenever you are ready.
-C v-tu, J E -J-* x-o x x, Guntur. Her home there is very close to the sta- Lakshman: Doesn't matter if we are late.
home. tion = Guntur Doesn't (does not) matter =
----: I. Home- ,
*-M-o C v . x y-.
Home yn n - C. House
(E) x. business house,
, Conversation practise .
u- E- My home is Nellore. yn x. The House of Tatas- -sx u Our names are the last on the
x home. -j He left his books at home
E n . list. We shall be able to reach by
J Lx--v-, o--t- books () -x C--. III. Residence: C - formal. Phone the time our turn comes.
, \--x-x C 3) Home = His home is England.
.
numbers, address N p--p Madhu: Who else is coming to
(-)
home. -u home 4) Home = Minister for home affairs.
Q.
. Residence phone no; Residential be on the team?
- -sx my, (Q -_ u- vA)
your, his, her, etc. --\-- 5) at home and abroad = y-, N-x. address (office phone no; office address Lakshman: Your selection is definite
. 6) Old age Home, Home for the blind- Go). \- home phone no.,/ address (*a). Congrats on that. I
I am going home x 'v. -a. don't know about my position
(to my home
--h-o. ) II. House = -j house . - uh E-- Residence (position = J-n-A/ --A)
He went home an hour ago He bought a house last year The Prime Minister's residence, Lakshmi: Where are the selections?
(His home
v --x. -\--) -q x o. The governor's residence, etc. Lakshman: On our college campus.
I --- -- 11 -d- 2005
Sheriff: Peter, Who are you waiting for? His parents are waiting for their daugh-
J h-o? ter's marriage. Once that is over, they will
Peter: For sagar. I've (I have) asked him marry him off.
for some information and a few d) --hC. --E wait
books.
-.
. o -, I'm (I am) very hungry. I am not able to
Eo h- -.
wait for the meal any more.
Sheriff: You have waited for an hour now.
He hasn't even phoned you. Wait for = await. await
y E h-o vC. conversation wait for .
. F Phone - J. 2) Ask for: -J-j j -
a) I am looking for a good book on Spoken
Peter: I am sure he will come. Any way, Samrat: - ?
a) o -. -.
English
let's hope for the best. I need the
I asked (him) for his help. But he did not
(- = author/ writer)
books badly. Spoken English O * h Sarat: - jE-. -
help me.
h- t. -i h-o. ---o. John stall.
b) o Eo h- -TC
Pl. h- b) What are you looking for? Samrat: E p h?
-. She asked him for some books. Sarat: FC C-N--Dl ---E--hC.
E- h-o/ ---o?
(need badly = -) c) -- \ E. C Eo -- - -j -
Sheriff: How long more are you going to (-j = rare)
wait? It's already time for dinner.
College } time
b) Chakri: F _ pen ?
-- h? p- -x--- 57 No use looking for him here. It's the time
for his college.
Charan: C. F ?
C ? Chakri: pen refill --C.
Assignment complete - .

Have you a pen? Charan: Assignment?


Chakri:
Charan:
. Physics chapter O.
\ pen -. \ shop
j refill a---a/ ----
C.
Practise the following:
Chakri: - thanks.
Peter: I told him to be here for dinner. So vo - Suman: -J- h-o?
I'm sure he will come in a few min- Answers:
n, E - Suresh: College bus .
utes. Ah, look, here he comes. Hi, n ask y a) Sarat: Have you read the book on the
Suman: Ng h-o.
Sagar, why the delay? for . o s -. table?
--E t-o E. d q- --: I asked him a few Suresh: -\ -Lq time C. Samrat: What's the book on?
- a-h- t C. questions h- EN--. Sarat: It's (It is) on an important event/
C -x a-. , Eo vo -. M. SURESAN Suman: x o Vx episode in World War II. This is one
--u? She asked her friend to s h-o. (Wait of the best books on the subject.
Sagar: Looking for an auto took all my time. wait ) Samrat: Who is the Writer?
-E -TC. Suresh: job apply --d-o. Sarat: He was also a soldier. Name, John
h-o--x -u-iC. Next week orders h-E P-h-
They asked me why I was there stall.
j -- preposition 'for' - o.
E-.1) Waiting for 2) asked for 3) hope for -\ --o-E x o--. Samrat: Is it such a great book?
Answer:
4) time for 5) look for. --C-- for -o j -sx ask y for . Sarat: The more you read it, the more you
Suman: Who are you waiting for?
n, -- Eo . 3) hope for: E-j- P--. hope y feel like reading it. Reading it is a
for -. Suresh: For the college bus.
English \ o prepositions rare experience.
Suman: I am waiting for Vishnu. He has
a) * --- Pl. let's (let us)
for . -E E -- J - asked me for some money. b) Chakri: Have you a pen?
hope for the best.
-E conversation conversa- Suresh: (It is) time for him to be here. Charan: I have. Do you want it?
b) They hope for an early appointment.
tion effective C. Perhaps he will be here in a few Chakri: My refill is/ has gone dry (has run
1. Wait for: J , h, -
y u h-E P-h-o. minutes. out of ink - is dry/ has gone dry -
* . hope y 'that' begin u Suman: He is waiting for the money his dad x ink --C = run out of
Wait for me, please
h for . will send him in two or three days. ink). I have not (haven't) completed
c) He hopes that he will get the job Suresh: He has applied for a job. He hopes
h ? my assignment.
4) time for: E-j timea-C/C for the orders next week.
a) Train ho Charan: Assignment?
---E time for . C 2) CN a/ an, the -C-*-N.
We are waiting for the train Common. Chakri: Yes. It's on a chapter in Physics.
Practise .
b) Exams a) It's time for dinner (Dinner time Charan: I need the pen too. You get a refill
l C) a) Sarat: table O o h C-?
Let's wait for the exams to be over b) Time has come for us to leave in any of the shops here. (Refills
Samrat: E -C-* h C?
(Let's wait till the exams are over) -l--Lq time C are available in any of the shops
Sarat: v l- E u-i
here.)
c) Lx--v x-t Rx - time for breakfast, for dinner, etc. - J*. O h-
E o. - -h. 5) Look for: -- - C best. Chakri: Thank you for the advice.

-v-o: Below, beneath J-i n- L,


E -s-; -- Famous, Famous.. Popular.. --? A popular movie star- v-G- C
E-- -J-* L---x, E- -
Popular J-i n- L, E x d- .
-s- N-J-. popular v-G- E. famous o- cinema star, famous, popular a.
p L, NE --E vu \. 'popu- - *v p actor -J-* Lh
---: Below, beneath -y- N-Jh.
.-Q-%g, -, - ->-x
lar' -*---JE _-E - x famous. *v p--,
Famous v -Cl--\, vuA C. C-* v G--E--, d---. v-Cl--\-- G--E--x popular stars.
v-F- -C L-, --C NE o x/ x d-E-, p, A famous song - a- .
E. \. Popular uh- d--, A popular song- G--E, Cl
Abdul Kalam is a famous scientist = v Cl x- -J-* x L----a 'mass' song E.
C Y-h --C, Y --E A famous movie star - v -Cl--\ E-- E- Tendulkar is a famous cricketer- \ popular
x - ---- -J-* -J-* NE -- -J-* L-E/ interest E x .
o E. -/- - -J-* .
I --- --C 16 -d- 2005
Anil: Hi, Trishal, where were you last
:
evening?
b) By the time I reached the station, the train
(Eo v \--o?) had left. station
train
--J, R}-
Trishal: Most of the time at home.
C. Train sta-
-R}--- ,
(Eo \ x o) tion the train had left.
- y, d
Why, what's the matter?
c) My uncle too had waited for me for ten
( N?) minutes - 10 EN- , y
Anil: But Sunil told me he had seen you
-l-, had waited - had + pp
going somewhere
d) Seeing that I had not come -E
( -y-\- h--- , he started for home. ---,
E Sunil p) earlier past action, d had come - had
Trishal: He seen me on my way to the sta- Lakshmi:
+ past participle. C a: Eo o. -R}
tion to receive my uncle. But by the a) The Moghuls had ruled India before the
e) I had kept it for two days... when I l .
time I reached the station the train British ruled it (British b) Pratap: Hi Pramod, y bike o-E
returned it to the library. had
\ -J- --
had left. My uncle too had waited for had ruled,
--- - L-. Prasanth p , o--
kept had + past participle (pp)
me for 10 minutes. Seeing that I ruled).
J-Tpast action -L---h-C .- .
had not come, he started for home b) India had been under Moghul rule before Pramod: -. -E --o.
\- -o u N: it was under British rule (British
on his own. - Pratap: O cousin bike -o?
had + past participle always expresses the Moghul
( uncle station h- , - C). Pramod: . Eo L- C, C
earlier of two past actions. --, lesson o
o-p . station t--E.
--}-J train --*a --R}--C.

He had been an actor


uncle 10 EN-
-l-)
But why did you want to see me?
( y o- -----
o?)
Anil: I wanted that book on computers verbs: had been (be Pratap: -J?
from you. form - o Pramod: bike h bike
(F _ * computer book
-x--- 58
N-- exchange o-E p.
B----o) o N-Eo Answers:
Trishal: I am sorry, I don't have it. I had kept hC), had + pp
it for only two days till the day (action - J- a) Lakshmi: Hi Ajitha, when did you return?
before when I returned it to the a) pass u-E p. When I phoned yesterday your
T x
library. He told me that he had passed. (pass EE -L- M. SURESAN mother told me you had not
( _ C-p, v-V - - , p- y . d ) returned yet.
E o library -a.) J past action, had + passed (had + a) u v-G-- teacher Ajitha: That's right. I arrived half an hour
j ---E verbs: had seen, had left, pp) - = He had been a teacher before after you had phone. What's the
had waited, had come, had kept Fo b) R} teacher E--C. he started business. matter?
She had worked as teacher before she b) Lawyer practice rail-
v-G- - Lakshmi: Leela told me yesterday she had
had + past participle form o .
ways E = He had worked/ He brought some sarees from
-- form of verb les- got married.
had been (o) in the railways before Mumbai. How about seeing
sons -. verb form: had + past had + pp -C-* 'be' form had been. he started practising as a lawyer. them?
participle. Do past perfect tense . --, 'be' form p --Eo c) sisters unmarried
x R} u--- Ajitha: She told me the day before she
DE --- l: -C. o = He had been unmarried
had given away most of them.
a) Sunil told me he had seen you. \ two C - a: until his sisters got married.
Lakshmi: Still some more are there. Let's go
past actions ( J-T -- a) NTR had acted in movies before he Now practise the following in English. and see.
Sunil Eo -, N entered politics (politics - v-P a) Lakshmi: Hi Ajitha p AJ--a? O b) Pratap: Prasanth told me that you had
p-) o. , , E-x -. -- -C Eo phone h O bought a bike. I think, the day
y. Sunil, Trishal -- action (u). J-T past action t Ny -E pC. before (yesterday).
, N Anil p y d, had acted - had + past participle) Ajitha: . y phone - Pramod: Not yet. I think of buying one.
. \ J-T E Sunil, b) NTR had been an actor before he was a y . Pratap: (Are you) buying your cousin's
Trishal -, had seen had + past CM (CM , actor o). N? bike?
participle form - -E- L \- verbs had been, was. Lakshmi: M j * Eo < a- Pramod: No. Only yesterday I came to know
. past actions 'be' forms . -, he was a CM - E pC Eo. Rx he had sold it off.
, y J-T, J-T (-p) CM (p -). l? Pratap: Who to?
past action p had + past participle -- actor - d had been an Ajitha: p- - a--E o Pramod: He told me he had exchanged his
form C. actor. pC . old bike for a new one.

-v-o: 1) Would you come please? -v-o: English Newspapers Headlines -Fo simple present
Could you come please? tense h-E?--Fo J-T-- N- !
- N? would - past tense of will 2) Could would difference --N-? ---E --
-. \ would, could --T-? -sx use -a?
2) Sell this vehicle off (Active Voice),
---:
.--, --.
What does she want (Active Voice). -O-E Passive Voice please ? C more formal (\ --v,
N- N-J---. 1) - --* question. English -o vu ~, historic
could ). -- J- E, -N
3) The function went off well n L--h, went off present. J-T--- present tense (sim-
uh- request. ple) -. C newspaper headlines \.
n \, h----x --- L-- 2) sell this vehicle off. DE passive voice Let this vehicle
Prime Minister Inaugurates the conference.
---. be sold off.
-u, What does she want passive what is wanted by her. \ Inaugurates h-o-F , ---o-F
Eo -s-x- p - sentences active . --E. C English p-.
---:
-.
natural C. Here was I already late to the station. Just then my brother

1) would, should, could -J-* y ---. could 3) went off well - J-TC E. - phrases comes with the news that I have forgotten my ticket. \
you come please? C, 'would you come please' o n oxford/ longman's * dictionaries , 'go' comes p-. effect -.
\ u * request. would you come, . 2) could, would -J-* N-- ---.
I --- -- 18 -d- 2005
Sivaram: Hi Unni, what's new? c) His mother told me that some one had
(--J --C. Practice it in stolen them.
your conversation) T-L-- , p- y d
Unni: Have you seen Kiran of late? had stolen (had + pp)
- u o ? d) She was sure that they had gone for
(of late = lately = u) good.
Sivaram: No, yesterday I did go to Kiran's. N ----F - ---- -----E
But by the time I reached there, he t- C. - , d
had gone out. I missed him by had gone (had + pp)
minutes. Krishna: That means you applied for it last
had + pp N- -E--Lq -ui Gopal: y . --
Saturday
. Eo R}- }. F N- -o.
}-p- - - -R}--.
b) Sarat: Who are the police searching for?
R}-. --E -Eo -E-N-- - Krishna: \ watchman ?
(Police x (Plural). Police = a
-- miss u. Gopal: - p Principal uo
Police man. Plural Policemen/
Unni: Why did you want to see him? classes Fo cancel -F, -
Police persons a.)
--} -R}-?
Sivaram: He had promised to lend me the
-x--- 59 R}--E. Karim: For the chitfund company director
Krishna: y TC (Transfer certificate) Sarat: What happened?
CDs of some latest movies. So I
apply --p? Karim: He had collected money from all and
went to him to get them. a) had + pp -, -
Gopal: Apply - E y p--E disappeared/ left town
\Eo E- CDs h--o. JT, x ,
N a---E x. y J-T--p v. . Sarat: When did people know he had dis-
b) J-T EE vh-N---p Krishna: y last saturday apply appeared?
Unni: Let's go now and get them now.
p-R} a-- E? had + pp - . --o-. Karim: Just Yesterday. He had run the com-
pany for two years when he ran
away. He had collected by then

They had gone for.. Rs. 2 crore.


Sarat: When do people learn? A number of
chitfund companies had closed
shops even before this (happened).
Practise the following also:
Sivaram: No chance. His mom told me yes- Anil: I saw the movie, 'Nenodda Neeku?' on b) Sarat:J o police
Prasad:
terday that some one had stolen the TV last night. (Eo vA TV , x? p \-C?
the suit case with the CDs in it. It 'l F? E ) Karim: Chit Company director .
(= Vehicle)
was to the police that he had gone Kumar: Eo B-}.
Krishna: I have seen it too. What a bore! Sarat: J-TC?
when I went there. He wanted to Prasad: Mechanic - -Eo- p- Jh
( x. N!) Karim: J _ s B-E J--
report it to the police. I saw it last Saturday, I think. repair ?
(J--= disappeared/ left
CDs suit Anil Kumar: Eo repairs Jh . p
- . o E town)
case T-L- -E Eo Eo-vA C Sarat: - J---E p LC? * condition C.
xt pC. Eoo \- past action, time Prasad: --o Eo-p?
Karim: Eo. J----p- company
R}--p R}C police known - saw
-E x -. p- x Kumar: xo. - o sales-
report y--E. (past doing word) man u *aC.
Unni: Does he hope to get them back?
- collect .
Krishna (Collect= ) Prasad: -- -?
N --- E --o Sarat: p - a-- ? Kumar: Student. - job a time
-? C past action, time DE Chit Fund h--.
Sivaram: I don't know. His mother was how- not known - -E M. SURESAN Answer:
Companies --f .
ever sure that they had gone for \ have + pp. S} Prasad: Where is the vehicle (now)?
last Saturday E time h-o d saw. ANSWERS:
good. Kumar: Kiran has taken it home.
J. xt v - independent, single past actions a) Krishna: Was there any one/ Was any
Prasad: When did the mechanic complete
- t- C. E , had+pp p- . j one there when you went there?
the repairs?
(For good = permanently = Jh/ L- past actions - past doing word; time Gopal: None. People (Every one) had left
Kumar: Yesterday. It is now in good condi-
y-. Practise it in your con- pE past action have+ pp/ has + pp. the place.
tion.
versation)
-sEo d related past Krishna: Wasn't (was not) the watchman
Prasad: Who is using it now?
actions, N sentences h p there?
Unni: Really unfortunate. Kumar: Kiran's elder brother. He got the job
had + pp -a. Gopal: He told me that the principal had
E -%-d- . I went there at 4 PM. He had already gone. of a salesman just the day before
cancelled all afternoon classes.
j -- --T-* verbs sets -\- --v -- -- }. (yesterday).
That was why all of them had gone
: a) reached- had gone out; b) had p- - R}--. Prasad: What was he before that?
away.
promised- went; c) told- had stolen; d) had Kumar: He was a student. But he had not
Practise the following aloud in English: Krishna: When did you apply for the TC?
gone, went; d) was- had gone. completed his studies when he got
a) Krishna: Eo y-\- -}-p- Gopal: I had applied for it before you told
j verbs vA lesson the job.
j o? me to.
had + participle form o
verbs o . a) had gone out, b) had -v-o: "General" - DE pronunciation -- Dictionary *a Phonetic symbols d, - make a mark / distinguish
promised, c) had stolen, d) had gone. ! -- "G" - "e" ~ TV English News Caste , NE --- (oneself).
--J had + past h EE ' - --. --J --. -v-o: 1) She goes to her friend's on sundays
participle (PP) form o verb p, the "Get" pronunciation - -- ' -v-o: 1) "Would" Present , Past 2) She goes her friends on sundays.
? Future -- .
earlier of two past actions ( J-T - --- --C j--C?
- --x J-T Eo) h-E. . -, *o--x-f, j--- - -C* usage Jh -v-o- -s-x -When, Why, What,
---: ---. How - ---T----?
p j -- J-Eo ---: 'g' y 'e' h ' --E 2) u-, -, - ---, x
a) By the time I reached his place he had rule O . English - -Tx-- ---? ' - --:
gone out. Pronunciation p -E J-i -Tx- C? -- -u-x 1- ) Correct; 2) Wrong.
\- --J - --R}--. -- rules \. .v-u, - English Questions: i) 'Wh' words
b) He had promised the CDs and I went G y e h ' -, --: (What, When, Where, etc.,) -u
there to get them. ' - C, 1) Would - y- ---. vo, ii) N E vo. 'Wh' -u
CD h--- , -}- -* English *a--- 2) u- Warmth/ affection; vox 'Wh' word - L.
y d had promised. Eo d C. - affection; - attachment.
I --- - 20 -d- 2005
Pavan: How long can we be here? Mohan: He says you will soon be a minister
---\ -? Ravi: I, A minister!! It's sheer nonsense.
Ravi: Why? There's no hurry. We can be How can I be a Minister
here as long as we like. What's the vA!! - n E
matter? N .
? - --- j -- look at the expressions- can
- -. N? be, can understand, can read, can't (Cannot)
Pavan: Then let's listen to this man. He is speak, cannot follow, can translate etc.
saying some thing in Tamil. Can you Fo can verbs . N two
understand what he says? forms( -) o ?
h-oC N. N- 1) can be-C be form - -Eo C.
h-o. pC 2) can understand, can read, can speak, etc.
y n ---? Focan + 1st Regular Doing Word (1st
Prabha: Come, Prasanthi, how can you
Ravi: I can, but only a little. He says he is a RDW) form. e) \p
She can't (cannot) come here now. be so harsh/ unkind to me?
palmist. He can read our palms and N - (Actions) *-h.
tell us of our future. 1. Can: (ability)
--C -n uEo verb.
L f) *o N n -? Prasanthi: How can you talk so much non-
(n --). vh(present) F, N-u Can't you (can you not) understand this sense?
Palmist - h---vC- (Future) F --, -- simple thing? C day to day situations vocab-
E p-can . Practise the following in English: ulary/ expressions practise : (Prn:
a) He can be here in ten minutes. Prabha: CM (become
-L-T-...- Pronunciation)
10 EN---x \ --. )
1. get up -
-x--- 60
(can be - be form --- --- Prasanthi: . y CM --? Ev---
-C) Prabha: -- F t? (wakeup a F C h u)
2. have/ take a bath - o .
(bathe - o , v o

I can speak..
o-p- Do- p .
-- -v-o a swim in
the sea)
3. have/ take breakfast (Prn: -v-d) -l
--.
4. boil: (prn: ) J-T--/---
u p-. h b) F-- - - E-\ - Prasanthi: y CM
-, 5. fry: -,
N-u p----o--. -
(Read the palm I can be here as long as you like/ want. F, 6. bake: (prn: ) --N
h--) c) -\ - - nonsense Ep O a. Bread h
Pavan: But how can we understand him? He He cannot be (can't be) here for more than v d Bread : Bakery (--J)
can't (can not) speak Telugu and we an hour. x- Snacks/ refreshments/ eats -
can't follow his Tamil. d) President
-B -- - --. - -- - correct English
- --- n --C? - - Prabha: y M. SURESAN . English .
- x--. E Any Indian citizen can be the president. N- 7. pastime: - ~--E N.
Tamil n -. ? (- |) J- 8. lunch: -/ --uo .
Ravi: Ah, here comes Mohan. He can e) F t y CM - --? (harsh/
unkind - J--i) 9. Dinner: () vA . (prn: '
speak Tamil. You cannot (can't) be a CM for your life
Mohan Tamil
h-o. - x-- Fo (can be) be forms- --Eo - Prasanthi: y nonsense E \---.) V
-. -L--h. x---? u-i . -s
Mohan: What's going on? ( --C?) 2. can + 1st RDW - action. Answer: Dinner vA - -C. L--x
Prabha: If I can become the C.M..
Ravi: Here's a Tamil Palmist. Can you a) C x--- uo a.
Prasanthi: Wait. How can you become the 10. Supper: (prn: \ -)
translate his tamil for us? I can speak Hindi well.
CM?
Tamil palmist.
Tamil
--- b) Tendulkar --? V *J vA-W -E
Prabha: Are you sure (that) I can't (can-
pC - p--? Can he play like Tendulkar? . u .
not) be the CM?
Mohan: That's OK. Go on then. c) subjects
O C---? breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper -
Prasanthi: I don't (do not) know if you can
(The Palmist studies Ravi's palm What subjects can you teach?
become the CM or not; but you W j O , A/ An, The .
and says some thing in Tamil - d) English
O x---? can certainly talk a lot of non-
Tamil h) How well can you speak English?
sense.

-v-o: Infinitive , modal verbs Eo u A- 3 a) Book, Madras --Lq-. -v-o: -Tx- commands, orders ---E () Conditions
--o. - -u-x --- -N--J---. (F - -L) NC---E Should must . F
1) a) They have to have gone there C clear --L- sentence . text book h be forms is, are .
b) They should have gone there b) - should been sent , should have been sent -?
2) a) They have to have been there - correct. p n. h ---Lq F 1) u- . C N * -L
b) They should have been there ---.
3) a) The book was to have been sent to Madras 4 a) O car green paint * -LqC.
-- text book To be an agricultural income... The
revenue is derived from land E - \-o. -
b) The book should been sent to Madras ( - , sentence clear -)
The revenue should be derived.. E a .
4) a) You have to have your car painted green b) O car green paint -LqC.
b) You should have painted your car green ( -, O. colour paint ) 2) vd o -* N-- -
5) a) She was to have taken that bus C --q -N- j -L -; text
b) She must/ should have taken that bus . book The trust should be registered with the commis-
sioner of I.T E , text The trust is registered
---:
.----, o
with commissioner of I.T as per the provision of 12A E -
1 a) They have to have gone there C. J \- is registered should be registered u
x\ R} -LqC, } -L-. ? - u - nEo hC?
b) They should have gone there
u -?
x-\- --}-LqC, F }-.
---:
Sentence 1) a construction
* have to have
. b , -
gone expressions, usage . E 5 a) bus \ -LqC.
1) 'The revenue should be derived' - correct,
They had to go there simple
n- J--C. (\ , sentence x clear -L-)
2 a) 1a) sentence
DE ---- J--C. \ b) She must have taken that bus. O--ox.
They had to be there,
- simpler direct
bus
*a- \ C. 2) C , The trust should be registered correct.
C. sentence n Rx-\ -LqC (). ( , \C) O n --o-x, is derived, is registered
(F o -L-). DEo sentence clear She should have taken that bus. - J-C E. rule p-
p. bus \Lq C, F \-. should be derived, should be registered correct.
b) -D-n: Rx-\ -LqC, F . bus
(- \C).
I --- --C- 23 -d- 2005
Mahesh: Hi Ramesh, you can sing, can't you?
Kishore:
problem?
--, y -- ? Kumar:
cousins weekend \
Ramesh: Of course I can. Why, what's the mat- .
ter? Kishore: x t.
. -----o? Kumar: x . Rx-\- - interview -
Mahesh: You can participate in the singing -ho. x-- interview C.
competition at college next week. Kishore: --y -- -- picnic enjoy ---
a- - -- _--a. -. --y-j- ---E -v--Ao-.
Ramesh: Oh, no. I can sing but not in a com- Kumar: cousins \--o-p -
petition. ? l. x , x
. -- F x phone h. correct p--h?
v . Eo-d F h. Answers: b) Bhavan: Hi Bhaskar, Congrats.
Mahesh: O come Ramesh. Tell yourself you Kishore: y o E----- (disappoint) a) Kumar: Hi Kishore, What news? Bhaskar: What on?
can, and you will. ---o. y - p Kishore: How about coming for a picnic / join-
-. - _ C . Bhavan: Sekhar told me yesterday (that) you
, N. y ---E
Kumar: F picnic postpone --? ing a picnic this weekend? will you had got/ won a prize.
F y p, ---.
Picnic miss - - d . come for/ will you join a picnic this Bhaskar: O, That's nothing. I got that prize for
Ramesh: I am not so sure. (- -t weekend? Ten of us are going. the best essay in the essay writing
) Kumar: This weekend? I'm (I am) afraid I can't competition.
Mahesh: You can try at least, Keep telling your- (cannot) come. Bhavan: I Know you can write very well/ I know
self you can, and you will be able to Kishore: What's (What is) the problem? you are very / quiet good at writing.
-x--- 61
do it. Kumar: My cousins will be here this weekend.
But I didn't know that you had got/
--, --, E p- Kishore: Ask them to join us too.
(-) . y - won the prize until sekhar told me. let
--.

How can we..


(keep telling - h---- continue
telling. keep doing something / contin-
ue to do some thing - E h
)
Ramesh: Ok, I'll try. v-Ao-h.
can
j -- o verbs -E- me tell you. I can't (cannot) write so
Kumar: They can't (can
. lesson -o n Kishore: -Eo -p-x --. - -- post- well as you. congrats again.
pone ------? not). They are
\can . ' n Bhaskar: O, You're praising me too much/
Kumar: Ok. \-V . h N. coming here
n u(ability) can
L---- . that's praising too much. How is your
Kishore: y p- h-o. for an inter-
response (reply) Ramesh: Of
. cricket practice?/ How is your cricket
b) Bhavan: Hi, congrats Bhaskar. view. They
course, I can. conversation can you do
practice going on?
Bhaskar: have an inter-
something? -question -- E? (That's praising too much- spoken
Bhavan: prize view that day.
I can do it, F *a-E Eo
English
- y---E E Jh -
,I can I
J--C. --- o. Kishore: I can't (can not) M. SURESAN \)
Bhaskar: . - l N . enjoy the picnic Bhavan: We have been practising for the past
can't (cannot) . Jh sentence .
college x u-h u-E without you. Do try to come/ try to one week. only four days are left
Bhaskar: I can play cricket very well. In fact I
prize *aC. come. (Do try - d p--E - (NTL o) for the tournament.
can play better than some of the
Bhavan: y ---E My Fielding needs some improve-
players in the Indian team.
)
. F prize *a N Kumar: How can I come when my cousins are ment. I am sure our team will make it/
Bhavan: Oh, can you? (?) -- p-- -L-. ho . here? Let's (let us) see. They will reach the finals.
Bhaskar: You think I can't (cannot) ?
Bhavan: (Do) You mean the selectors don't
F -. -J phone/ call / ring me tomorrow or the (make it - (j) ---)
G---. day after, when they will be/ will come Bhaskar: Isn't' (Is not) the tourney (tournament
know your greatness? Bhaskar: y o K T--h-o. Thank
selectors here exactly. Depending on that I'll (I -) in Hyderabad?/ the
F p- -L---? you. F cricket practice C?
Bhaskar: They can't. Moreover, I can, but I will) let you know. tourney is in hyderabad, isn't it? when
Bhavan: V- practice ho.
don't play. tournaments - --V Kishore: I'm (I am) sure you will not disappoint will you be there for the first match?
xn -. --, E C. fielding ----Lq me. If you want you can come. Where Bhavan: On the 22nd. Our first match is with
. - C. team finals - there is a will there is a way, you the khammam team/ the team from
? Spoken English can, can't - t C. know. (you know - -) khammam.
(can not) - J ability (-n u) -J-* Bhaskar: jv-- tournaments. Kumar: Why don't you postpone your picnic? Bhaskar: Ok It's time for me to leave. All the
--- - --a. O-p \ 1st match? Kishore: We have made all arrangements. best.
Now, Practise the following aloud in English. Bhavan: 22 K-. 1st match t How can we postpone it? Bhavan: Thank you.
a) Kumar: Hi Kishore, team . Kumar: Wait for a day I'll let you know tomor-
N-? Vocabulary / Expressions:
Bhaskar: OK. J time C. --}-L. row.
Kishore: picnic h? (Prn- Pronunciation)
All the best. Kishore: You are coming definitely.
weekend C--CN ho. 1. Attend (Prn:
Bhavan: Thank you. -\---) - -
Kumar: -? -. (Definitely) certainly - *a-). -- attend/ school/ college/ place of work

-v-o:
( %Ah/ NC Ey- x }-/
1) Rajani has to work along with Ravi We have to start now to meet him - --E ----E p ----)/ Marriage/ meeting/ dinner/ party/
Rajani is to work along with Ravi ---L C --Eo/ J-n- -Ah-E *-hC. celebrations etc. O-Eo- ---,
2) They have to hold the programme She has to stay at office from 10 to 4. -, -}- n- come, go, be
They are to hold the programme Office 10 * 4 L NC. present attend \ .
3) The SP, Naveen Chand who was to She has to take care of her child, so she is unable to come.
a) Eo- School -.
attend as a chief guest in this pro- J-nA (Gf --) E-y-.- He didn't (did not) attend school yesterday.
gramme was not / had not/ did not come You have to be here at 10 OJ-\ 10 L C c.
b) O -R}-- ?
yesterday. 2) Rajani is to work along with Ravi Rajani Ravi -L E---L/
j u-xE is/ has to, how to/ are to, was/ had -----C/ --hC \ C ----Eo -J-* ----C. C Whyriage?
didn't you (did you not) attend the mar-

not J - *a. -- o p--xF,


Rajani, Ravi *a cxE x --L E---o/ h c) --C a.
--- d-?-N--J--.
l , C--\ E. have to/ has to L h, -L-. am to/ is to/ A large number (of people) attended the
---: are to/ was to/ were to N- L, -
meeting.
1) Rajani has to work along with Ravi E N E---L/-E \, - --C. d) dinner h-o?
Lq C. \ Rajani has to E L. -J? -- 3) u--AC O-- -- C/ --Lq--, F , E DE Will you/ are you going to, attend the dinner
*a c-x/ -o ---x/ J-n- vs--x -- . n correct a-x p sentence- The SP, Navin tomorrow? / Are you attending the dinner
E--x-j N E---L/ --Lq hC E. has to he, Chand who was to have attended as the chief guest did not come yes- tomorrow?
she, it . have to I, We, You and they . terday. was not come- English
j had not come
. \ J-.
I --- - 27 -d- 2005
Sridhar: Hi Neeraj, just how busy are you?
busy
-F- , y busy
?/ \- can - question form , permission
o? ---E (--A- ---E) -o.
a) -S} p --- NtLo?
(\ just = . conversation When can I see you again?
- 'J - just --.) (asking for permission)
Tarun: Not at all. What's the matter? b) E x?
-- --. N? Can I go now? (asking for permission)
Sridhar: I am in a hurry to get home. Can you c) Can I use your pen?
drive me home on your bike? pen
O (permission)
-?
bike
y xL. F O -o - 3. Question form permission ---E
- -B---? can
-x, statement form permission

Tarun: Drive you home? O no. You can take y--E .
my bike if you want. I am tired of driv- a) You can keep the bike till 5'o clock. Answer:
b) Question form I/ we permission --
ing for the day. y bike -C-- --a. Kareem: Can I see you/ speak to you for a few
-E . minutes?
EEo- B-}--? x -. - (giving permission) c) Statement form request, permission y-
kasyap: What about?
--. -- bike B-. b) You can take my bike. -E .
d) Statement form possibility (u - Kareem: It's a bit important.
bike B-a/ -B.
kasyap: You can talk now. I am at leisure.
(giving permission) ---o -N---E) .
Kareem: There are a few vacancies for typists
c) Ny -}a. - Practise the following aloud in English:
jobs in your friend's company. I've
You can go now. (giving permission) Kareem: O (a few minutes) x-
-x--- 62 d) y ----- \ a d--
E -O-x-.
-a? (see/ speak )
Kasyap: E N?
(have) applied for one of them. Can
you help me to get the job? My father
told me to talk to you.
Kasyap: Who is your father?

You can talk now


Kareem: Syed Mustafa.
kasyap: O, I know him well. Your father knows
my friend too. Your father can talk to
him.
Kareem: You can influence him better.
Kasyap: Can you come here tomorrow?
Sridhar: How long can I have it? you cannot spend more than Rs. 100/-. Kareem:
h u-i Kareem: Certainly- when shall I come?
----? (you can spend = you have permission to N. Kasyap: (At) this time tomorrow.
Tarun: Will three hours do? spend upto Rs. 100/-) Kasyap: p x- Vocabulary/ Expressions
? 4. D: . BJ- (prn=pronunciation)
(will do =. An income of Rs a) Driving in such traffic can be dangerous. _ o. tnap = Ev/ Ev---; u uo
10000/- a day will do for me. I don't traffic drive - v-- Kareem: O friend com- y (After lunch, he usually
want more. V C- - a/ C. pany typist has a nap)
. - l) \ can, possibility (u- --- jobs S M. SURESAN tCut it out = . d-d
Sridhar: O that's fine. Thank you. -E-E) C . C can o. (-j -- N--- N-Th
Tarun: You can keep the bike till 5 o'clock. Go -. apply . o- O cut it out, come to the point )
by the other road. The traffic along this b) <x }l. --. tClass _-d = bunk;
Don't go out in the dark. There can be
x ---o. job a- O ts *, class, E _-d = malinger
road at this hour can be heavy. Driving
in such traffic can be dangerous. snakes. (possibility)
- --? (prn: L; 'L \ -),
Kasyap: O o---?
- 5 -. -f c) v -- -L-T---a. = malingerer.
Kareem: Syed Mustafa. t/ J~/ q N - (-\-,
- -}. road l. time (- C)
road traffic Dl \- The journey can be very tiresome/ tiring. Kasyap: - . friend O o- --}-) = take an auto/ rickshaw/ taxi, etc.
a. Driving - d) He can give you trouble. Be careful. -J . x--a You take bus no.7 to go to the station.
v--- a. vh. F trouble h-/ y-- . (7 number bus
\)
j -- can o verbs . (possibility / ability). Kareem: O- \ influence ---E. tJ d = soiled clothes
1) Can you drive me home? O can -o uses. v- 'can' Kasyap: Ny-\- -? His clothes are soiled.
E d J--u
B-}--? a) Question form u, I/ we Kareem: p-. -p ? trags = The beggar is in rags
L-.
2) You can take my bike bike B-}. REQUESTS . Kasyap: v j . d- *J-T fx o.
3) How long can I have it?
------? vo: O Spoken English QJ{- ' u- Practice ---: 1) What about you? C How about you? -.
4) You can keep the bike till 5'o clock. E noun form --o. l . C L C p-j -sEo d O
5) The traffic at this hour can be heavy. ' practise E verb form - -hC.
6) Driving in such traffic can be dangerous. --T- j--C ! 2) I haven't money E -u . I haven't any money
can can EF, I haven't the money E-E . I have no money
---: Practice, Practise - advice ,
J* ---oN: XE-, -t, ..->x
ability (-n uEo) ---E . -d --i-C I haven't any money.
' ---, --- n-. advise - . Practice u; I haven't the money n, E ( ----E) --
-- can -o J-Eo n, practise- u- --. s _ E.
-- l: a) I have the practice - u-/- 'Are you buying a car?/ Why don't you buy a car?'
1. Can you drive me home? \ can drive, -- C. Practice makes us 'I'd like to, but I haven't the money/ but I don't have the
ability ! \ Tarun request perfect - u x J--g hC. money.' (the money = car
vo: May can --o. May I help you - can I
- s)
-E Sudheer can --o b) We practise the game everyday - W
( B-}-? n). can u-h (). -E \ practise u help you E h-o. Can C Natural ability -C-*--
request (Nch) --E -a, question n - practice L . may can use L? can E Natural ability
vo: 1) Seventh class English Reader (Mother tongue) page No 52
-
form . Eo N- use -a.
1) h -F pen -h-? 'Trees' Poem When evening changes into night, and when
---: Can, natural ability E L---hC, correct ' n.
.---, --
Can you give me your pen? / Can I have a moon floats on the sky. They hum a drowsy lullaby. the \
your pen? moon a moon
--L -. - L-----. He can do it, C --. can --o
2) O EN- x--a? 2) Are you studying in Seventh Class? DE -- -p--a? J-Eo --- offer . - -\
Can I speak to you/ see you for a few min- x j y--/---. E can question form
---: 1) 'a moon' line a p (printer's error). The moon
-v -, ---o
utes? , may .
3) Can you lend me some money? ---L. May I help you? = O -?/- --o O
h p-h? 2) Yes, I am. -----? C offer. C formal -
-\- can question form requests -
--T-*--x ---h-C -! can
vo: How about you? What about you n J- E x offer.
Can I help you? Dn O/ -F -?/
--T-- N? --T-----o-p
question form u you , I/ we - j -a? - ---. I haven't -O-/ -F N --? E informal
requests -a. money / I have no money n -, --x- E , J- o x offer. May I help
2. How long can I have it? --T-L? ---. you? - formal offer. Can I help you? - less formal/ informal
bike
- F --a? Q, j-- offer.
I --- --- 31 -d- 2005
Pooja: Hi Raasi, what a surprise! you, here!
Q, -Ny-\! N? j -- -E , can a
verbs -. -- --- .
Raasi: I am on my way to the spoken English
Institution near here. You know it. The 1. You can't (cannot) find the time
4th building from your place. F BJ-- --- --o-. (ability)
spoken English Institution
\ _x 2. Can you do me a favour?
h-o. F -. O -* --? (Can - request)
- building. 3. Can you let me spend...
(I am on my way to -\- ho.
O x -? (Permission/ request)
On the way J)
Pooja: Come, Raasi, you go there everyday, 4. I can neither go home...
and you can't find the time to drop in at E- x , (ability)
my place. 5. You can, by all means
ya, p- Bhavani: p--. c) Manoj: -E -J-* Ja-h-o O?
W \ h-o, ---E (can permission/ request)
v -B-J ---o ! b) Prakash: Sekhar -J-* F G-v Rajeev: --, - E.
6. I can't (cannot) give y-. (ability)
Raasi: I joined there only a week ago. I had N? (Whether - begin )
been thinking of seeing you and we met. Manoj: - N?
Vinai: -----o?
Can you do me a favour?
Prakash: * player team Raghav: j--- Cricket Match tickets

-x--- 63
-\ J - --C. O
-----o, --o. B---E. L . - cricket board
*o - --d--- ?
(Do a favour -)

I can't give..
Pooja: Doing you a favour! That will be a real
pleasure for me. What's it?
F - E -.
p.
Raasi: Can you let me spend the lunch break in
your home? We have two sessions with
a break of an hour in between. Vinai: l _ . -E --
7. You can have C. Possibility -.
I can neither go home nor stay at the --. E-- o p------E.
institution.
Fo p--- --o 'can'
Concentration - Manoj: -- F . -p
lunch break O x -a. --.
classes break
-. -J . ---
u Now Practise the following aloud in English.
C. x , ---\ Prakash: ---.
(Use all that you have learnt so far)
- . Eo Rajeev: C E-- -L-T- -N--.
Pooja: You can, by all means. Only I can't be a) Bhavani: birthday. OJ-l p Ba . M. SURESAN Raghav: worry . -- p-----
there at the time. I am sorry I can't give h ? Vinai: - -E .
you company. I go for my dance classes Sucharitha: O
at the time. Don't worry. You can have
x p- N -p? match p - d) Nagaraj: Ny-p- time waste
tLo? d?
my sister Pallavi's company. o }F.
Chandra: Cake p h? Prakash: F M. a Sunday ?
p-, , time x Prahlad: S} -p --. Eo?
company Bhavani: Correct v 5.30. -L team -* players
- -. F y-. Nagaraj: time -j-.
time dance Sucharitha: --,. C- -\
x---h.-- o. x- --L-T x. Prahlad: ---. examC.
-. Lx xN F ---. . Vinai: . x N F --.
F company C. Chandra: 5 class C. 5.30 matches . , x
(By all means p-, EoN) Nagaraj: x -?
-. - late h. -L-. Prahlad: p-.
Raasi: Thank you.

-v-o: ' < C ? uEo O -Tx- ''Isn't -v-o: I saw a devil, I happend to see a devil -
that sari nice/ beautiful"? o. u -q n, uEo . E verbs p *aC.
E -Tx- aJ --q C. uEo Model auxiliary verbs \ have been h n
''Is that sari nice/ beautiful?" --? E hC? could be E Eo n- a-x
---: A very good question. - negative sense -L
- --@-Fo, --%-- --T--a. - ---.
---: I saw a devil- devil /devil --C.
XE---, d
-o-p-, ' negative tone hC
. Is that sari beautiful n--N? < - x, y Will be
y--o-E n hC. I happend to see a devil- devil - n-
? E . ' < ? ---E, ' < given Man of the match
E -a. - *C/ devil -- -n-*C. I happened to -
C ? --E English p-, 'Isn't award to be given \. --/ ---E -- -J-* h.
that sari beautiful?' E-F, 'That sari is beautiful, isn't (wedding) to be solemnized by x -. \ Nv I bought it in that shop C shop o.
it?' E-F p, -- E C ? n (by somebody),
u Ey-------oC - I happened to buy it in that shop C shop
somebody (x), to solemnize the wedding
-v-o: -- -u- English Translation p-.
. -E-. - ( Nv J-TC ( shop - -E -- F
To be solemnized correct
uEo Ey----o E).
-v-o: -- --o u- pa? He is think-
is to be solemnized is, omit
E L. to be sol-
\ o).
1. \- h-E O ---o?
2. J* -E O ---o? emnized C . Will be solemnized E ing by walking (--h ---*h--o-). Gita is singing by
3. o N-\--o. -a u Et-Eo d. working ( E-----C).
b) To be + past participle u passive construction. He is
---:
-vQ-E-, -A-A
---: O j--N -. Ist sentence: D-E-
1. Where, do you think, I am going/ I will go tomorrow? to do it (active) - It is to be done by him.
XE-, --t-, ..->x.
2. What do you think she thinks of me? ( - to be done - to be + pp)
3. He feels vexed with me. I am to take them home (active) - They are to be taken (to - u- p ---o---. p (is
-v-o: 1. v-Man of the match ''to be given''
a--p E be + pp) home by me. thinking correct ). He thinks as he is walking/ He
thinks and is walking at the same time, -a.
''to be solemnised by (some
. R} f- 2) I could have found the way all right - J ----L
- Past tense. h s-d Ep-ho d, He
-v-o:
body)'' E h. to be will be
E (E, ---)
Parts of speech Preposition The thinks as he walks - better. \--J I/ II regular
a !To be + PP p -? \ ,
2. ''I could have found the way all right''. Tenses,
\ L---. O doing word p J - d.
u n N? C q -C? direct & indirect speech -J-* -N--J--. He thinks as he walks sentence -p-

---: Parts of speech prepositions -J-* lessons


E C (-p- h -*-h/ -*--p-
---: To be given, to be seen N passive infinitives.
-.--, -- -.-- -, --
-h) n hC.
1) To be given y---/ --y----E/ y--- N-Jh-o. tenses J* --- N- 2nd sentence: Gita is singing and working at the same
- y-, y---E, a- J, tenses x p-. English time J--C ( h-oC p-
. Man of the match award to be given to Man of the x-- tenses + x ----Lq ---. -). E --p- -C ---
match -\ x y y----C n hC; verb form u C N-J. papers . Gita sings as/while she works -a .

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