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History of Indian Cinema for FTII Film and

Television Institute of India 2016
August 27, 2016 By oldquestionpapers 2

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History of Indian Cinema for

FTII Film and Television
Institute of India 2016.

The cinema of India consists of

films produced across India, including the cinematic
culture of Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Haryana,
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Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka,GOVT. JOBS 2017
Kerala, Maharashtra, CURRENT AFFAIRS IBPS ADMISSION 2016

Orissa, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal. Indian films

came to beSTUDY
HIGHER followed throughout South Asia and the
Middle East. As cinema as a medium gained popularity in
the country as many as 1,000 films in various languages
of India were produced annually. Expatriates in countries
such as the United Kingdom and the United States
continue to give rise to international audiences for Indian
films of various languages.

1896 was a significant year for Indian entertainment as it

witnessed the arrival of cinema in India. While discussing about the history of Indian cinema the first name
that springs up is that of the Lumiere Brothers who demonstrated the art of cinema to the subcontinent.
Bombay was the first Indian city that screened Cinematography, six short films by the Lumiere Brothers.
The success of these films led to the screening of more foreign films, for instance, Vitagraph by James B.
Stewart and Moto-Photoscope by Ted Hughes. In other words introduction of cinema in India took place
with the aid of the colonisers.

A kaleidoscopic view of history of India includes the pioneering efforts of Save Dada (Harischandra
Sakharam Bhatavdekar). He made two short films as early as in 1897. In 1900 the entire Indian
entertainment sector underwent huge changes and the emergence of Dadasaheb Phalke took Indian
cinema to new heights. Thus the path breaking film of the Silent era, Raja Harishchandra, was released in
1913. During this time and the era of the talkies the main sources for Indian films were the mythological
texts. The rapid growth of the Indian cinema led to the end of the silent era and ushered in the era of the
talkies. The latter introduced the Indian cinema in a completely new way to the audiences. Now one could
hear the actors and actresses talk, laugh, sing and cry. Initially films were primarily made in Hindi, Tamil,
Bengali and Telugu and these films proved to be phenomenal successes.

1930s and 1940s witnessed the rise of film personalities, such as, Debaki Bose, Chetan Anand, S.S. Vasan,
Nitin Bose and others. Their contributions helped the Indian cinema to grow further. By this time apart from
Bombay (Mumbai), the film industry shaped up well in down south too. The Tamil, Telugu and Kannada film
industries were making indigenous films as well. By late 1940s films in India were made in various
languages but the religious influence was predominant. With struggle for independence the entire scenario
altered. Indian cinema now saw films based on the then contemporary social issues. Movies no longer were
limited to the periphery of entertainment; they were now potent instruments to educate the masses as well.
History
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of Indian
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Cinema for
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Television Institute of India 2016
TheHIGHER
goldenSTUDY
period in the history of Indian cinema is attributed to the 1950s. Guru Dutt, Mehboob Khan, Raj
Kapoor, Balraj Sahani, Nargis, Bimal Roy, Meena Kumari, Madhubala, Dilip Kumar graced the screens. In
south India esteemed actors like Rajkumar, Gemini Ganesan, NT Rama Rao and several other actors and
actresses entertained the audiences. Besides them numerous singers, composers, scriptwriters,
cameramen and other technicians lend a helping hand in making some of the most outstanding films that
carved their own niches in the history of Indian cinema.

In Bombay while the magic of Guru Dutts and Bimal Roys were preponderant Indian cinema moved one
step further with the release of K. Asif`s Mughal-e-Azam in 1960. A trail of romantic movies followed all over
India. While the Indian commercial cinema enjoyed popularity amidst the movie goers, Indian art cinema did
not go unnoticed. Adoor Gopalakrishnan, Ritwik Ghatak, Aravindan, Satyajit Ray, Shaji Karun and several
other art film directors were making movies that took India to international fame and glory. By 1970s Indian
cinema enjoyed the histrionics of superstars like Rajesh Khanna, Sanjeev Kumar, Waheeda Rehman, Asha
Parekh, Tanuja and others. This was truly the red letter year for Hindi cinema as Ramesh Sippy`s Sholay
proved to be an iconoclast and gave to Indian cinema its new superstar Amitabh Bachchan. Hardly did
anyone know then that the Bachchan era was here to stay for long enough.

At one hand Hindi cinema was growing in leaps and bounds and on the other the regional films were
making their presence felt too. A number of well established Hindi film stars who became a part of the star
system in India actually began their career with the Indian regional films. 1980s saw the rise of several
woman directors, such as, Aparna Sen, Prema Karnath, Meera Nair and others. It was also the year when
Rekha wooed the audiences with her stunning performance in Umrao Jaan. The regional films like
Malayalam, Kannada, Telugu, Bengali and others produced a number of romantic films. Renowned film
personalities like Balachander, I.V. Sasi, Balu Mahendra, Mani Ratnam, Ram Gopal Varma and others made
their marks.

With romantic films at the helm the Indian cinema ushered into 1990s. A mixed genre was witnessed during
this time. Romantic, thriller, actions and comic movies were made. Gradually the face of Indian cinema was
undergoing changes one again. The audiences, too, were getting weary of similar storylines. Hence the
contemporary Indian cinema, keeping pace with time and technology, witnessed dolby digital sound effects,
advanced special effects, choreography, international appeal, further investments from corporate sectors
alongwith finer scripts and performances. The aesthetic appeal of cinema became important for the
filmmakers.

Stars like Shahrukh Khan, Rajnikanth, Madhuri Dixit, Aamir Khan, Chiranjeevi, Juhi Chawla, Hrithik Roshan
and others explored all possible techniques to enrich Indian cinema with their performances. Even in
contemporary India cinema remains a compelling device for creating mass awareness. Films, such as,
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Gandhi, Terrorist, Amu, Phir Milenge, Diksha, et al focused on the Indian politicalIBPS ADMISSION 2016
and social scenarios. As
years fly away Indian cinema betters itself with more number of films making it to the golden pages of its
history.
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