VIT NAM













13 NM T 2000 N 2012





TI LIU C SU TP BI PHAN H NGHA

DAYHOCVATLI.NET


 KY THI CHON HOC SINH GIOI QUOC GIA LP 12 THPT NAM HOC 1999 2000
Ngay thi : 13 3 2000

Bai 1 (Bang B khong phai lam cau II )

Trong mot mat phang thang ng co mot ng trt gom 3 oan eu la
nhng cung tron co ban knh r = 1m.
Cung loi AB co tam mat at va goc AOB = 450, ban knh OA vuong vi
mat at.
Cung BC lom, tiep tuyen vi cung AB B, ngha la tam I cua cung tren
ng thang OB, goc BIC = 750.
Cung loi C tiep tuyen vi cung BC C (tam J tren ng thang IC),
mat at.
I. Khong co ma sat. T A, mot vat, coi nh mot chat iem co khoi lng m
= 1kg, b ay nhe cho trt tren ng. Bo qua ong nang ban au rat nho
nay.
1) Tnh cac van toc cua vat B va C, gia thiet vat luon luon bam ng
ch khong ri ng.
2) Can kiem tra gia thiet tren ay. Bang cach lap luan chng minh rang
vat bam ng oan lom va ch can tnh toan e kiem tra tren oan loi AB.
Hay lam phep tnh ay.
3) Chng minh vat ri cung C iem H xac nh bi goc HJD = E, JD la
ban knh thang ng.
a) Tnh E.
b) Tnh van toc cua vat H.
4) Sau H vat chuyen ong the nao ? V tr cuoi cung cua vat au ?
(khong can tnh chnh xac v tr nay ).
II.Co ma sat trt vi he so k = 0,3. Khoi lng cua vat van la m = 1kg. Vat
A c truyen van toc v0 = 2 m/s (ong nang ban au K0 = 1J ). Chng
minh no dng lai mot iem M tren cung BC, xac nh bi goc LIM = J (LI
thang ng). Tnh J.
Lay g = 10m/s2. Bo qua sc can cua khong kh.
Bai 2 (chung cho A va B)
Khong kh co o am tng oi f = 72% c nen ang nhiet en ap suat
gap 3 lan ap suat ban au, khi o the tch bang the tch ban au.
1) Ve ng ang nhiet va giai thch.
2) Sau khi khong kh b nen nh tren th t so ap suat rieng phan cua hi
nc va ap suat toan phan cua khong kh am la bao nhieu ?
Coi khong kh va hi nc cha bao hoa tuan theo nh luat Boil Mariot
va the tch rieng cua nc long co the bo qua so vi the tch rieng cua hi
nc cung nhiet o. o am tng oi cua khong kh c xac nh bang t

from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 1 of 4

so cua ap suat rieng phan cua hi nc trong khong kh va ap suat cua hi
nc bao hoa cung nhiet o.

Bai 3 (chung cho A va B )

Hay e xuat mot phng an th nghiem e nghiem lai nh luat Coulomb :
qq '
F = k. ; (k la mot hang so ) bang cac dung cu n gian sau ay :
r '2
1- Mot ua nha va mot manh len kho.
2- Hai qua cau bang xop boc giay bac, nhe, khoi lng va ban knh bang
nhau, buoc vao hai si day t (cach ien) dai.
3- Mot thc o goc.
4- Mot thc milimet e o chieu dai.
5- Mot oan day ch.
6- Mot cai gia e treo c cac qua cau.
Chu y :
- Trong nhng ngay hanh kho, mot vat tch ien cach ly vi at co the gi
nguyen ien tch trong mot thi gian dai.
- Neu cham nhe vao vat tch ien, lap tc ien se truyen qua ngi xuong
at het.
- Neu ch cham vao day treo th trang thai tch ien khong thay oi.
Bai lam c trnh bay theo cac phan sau :
A- Cach o lc F (theo n v tuy y)
B- Cac o khoang cach gia hai qua cau tch ien (khong c ung
vao chung )
C- Cach thay oi gia tr cua ien tch va o gia tr cua no (theo n v tuy
y).
D- Cac cach x ly so lieu o ac va cach tien hanh th nghiem e nghiem
lai quy luat :
F ~ qq ; F ~ l/r2.

from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 2 of 4

 KY THI CHON HOC SINH GIOI QUOC GIA LP 12 THPT NAM HOC 1999 2000
Ngay thi : 14 3 2000

Bai 1 (bang B khong phai lam cau 3)

Cho ien tch iem dng q = 1nC.
1) at ien tch q tai tam cua hnh lap phng canh a = 10cm. Tnh ien
thong qua tng mat cua hnh lap phng o. Neu ben ngoai hnh lap
phng o con co cac ien tch khac th ien thong qua tng mat cua hnh
lap phng va qua toan bo hnh lap phng co thay oi khong ?
2) at ien tch q tai mot nh cua hnh lap phng noi tren. Tnh ien
thong qua tng mat cua hnh lap phng.
3) at ien tch q tai tam O cua mot vo kim loai hnh cau co lap va trung
hoa ien.
&
a) Xac nh cng o ien trng E tai cac iem trong phan rong va
&
ben ngoai vo cau. Chng to rang cng o ien trng E co cac gia tr phu
hp tng ng tai cac iem gan cac mat trong va ngoai vo cau. Cho biet
cng o ien trng gan mat cua mot vat dan tch ien vuong goc vi mat
V
va co o ln E = , vi V la mat o ien tch mat tai v tr khao sat tren vat
H0
dan.
&
b) Mot ien tch q1 at ben ngoai vo cau chu tac dung mot lc F1 do
ien tch q ben trong vo cau gay ra. Khi o ien tch q co chu tac dung lc
ien do s co mat cua q1 hay khong ? Hay bnh luan ket qua thu c.
&
c) Lc F1 co cng o ln hn hay nho hn so vi khi khong co mat vo
cau ?
d) Bay gi thay ien tch q1 bang ien tch q2 = 2q1 (van gi nguyen v tr
&
oi vi vo cau). Khi o lc tac dung len q2 co bang 2 F1 khong ? Ket qua thu
c co g mau thuan vi khai niem ien trng, vi nguyen ly chong chat
hay khong ?
Cho biet : H0 = 8,85.10 12 F/m.
Hng dan : ien thong qua mot mat kn bang tong ai so cac ien tch
ben trong mat ay chia cho hang so ien H0.
Bai 2 (chung cho A va B)
Cho hai vat co khoi lng m1 va m2 va cham khong an hoi, xuyen tam.
Trc khi va cham, hat m1 co van toc v1, con hat m2 ng yen.
1).a) Hay tnh bien thien noi nang cua he hai hat khi va cham.
b) Khi nao bien thien noi nang ay la cc ai ?
2) Cho hat b va cham m2 la nguyen t va nang lng e ion hoa no
bang Ai (nang lng ion hoa cua nguyen t la nang lng ma no phai nhan
c e thanh ion ). Hay tnh ong nang ban au cua hat m1 khi no la :
from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 3 of 4
 a) ien t.
b) ion m1 | m2
e co the ion hoa nguyen t m2 khi va cham.
3) Cho hai hat m1 va m2 co van toc tng oi la v . Hay tnh bien thien noi
nang cc ai cua he hai hat khi va cham.
Bai 3 (chung cho A va B)
Mot vat phang, nho AB at trc mot man M. Gia vat va man co mot
thau knh hoi tu O, tieu c f va mot thau knh phan ky L, tieu c 10cm.
Gi vat va man co nh, roi dch chuyen hai thau knh, ngi ta tm c
mot v tr cua O co tnh chat ac biet la : du at L trc hay sau O va
cach O cung mot khoang l = 30cm, th anh cua AB van ro net tren man. Khi L
trc O (ngha la gia AB va O) th anh co o cao h1 = 1,2cm va khi L
sau O th anh co o cao h2 = 4,8cm. Hay tnh :
1) Tieu c f (cua thau knh hoi tu O).
2) Khoang cach t thau knh O en vat va en man.

from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 4 of 4

 KY THI CHON HOC SINH GIOI QUOC GIA LP 12 THPT NAM HOC 2000 - 2001
Ngay thi : 13 - 3 - 2001

Bai 1 : ien hoc

Mot hnh vuong ABCD co canh a 2 , co tam O. Tai moi nh cua hnh
vuong, ta at co nh mot ien tch +q.
a) Xac nh ien the do cac ien tch nh gay ra tai tam hnh vuong.
b) Chng minh rang iem O la v tr can bang ben cua mot ien tch th (iem)
Q = +q trong mat phang cua hnh vuong, va la v tr can bang khong ben theo
truc i qua tam O va vuong goc vi mat phang cua hnh vuong.
c) Tnh chu ky dao ong nho cua ien tch Q trong mat phang cua hnh vuong.
d) Neu Q = q th co thay oi g trong cac ket qua ke tren ?

Bai 2 : ien hoc (Bang B khong phai lam bai 2)

Mot vat dan A hnh cau ban knh R1 = 3cm, tch ien en ien the V1 = 4V,
c at ong tam vi mot vo cau mong B bang kim loai co ban knh trong R2 =
12cm va ban knh ngoaiR3 = 12,1cm ; vo cau nay gom hai ban cau ban au
c up kht vao nhau va c tch ien en ien the V2. Hoi ien the V2 phai
co tr so (dng) toi thieu bang bao nhieu e hai ban cau co the t tach khoi
nhau.
Cho biet :
1) Mot phan t dS bat k cua mat ngoai vat dan tch ien se chu tac dung cua
&
lc ien dF = (1/2 H0)V2.dS. n ; do phan con lai cua vat gay ra, vi V la mat o
&
ien tch mat tai dS va n la vet n v phap tuyen ngoai cua dS.
2) ien dung cua mot vo cau kim loai co lap ban knh R la 4SH0R. Bo qua tac
dung cua trong lc hai ban cau.

Bai 3 : Quang hoc

Mot si cap quang hnh tru rat dai, hai ay phang
va vuong goc vi truc si cap, bang thuy tinh chiet S
suat n1, c bao xung quanh bang mot hnh tru i a
ong truc, ban knh ln hn nhieu ban knh a cua si
cap, bang thuy tinh chiet suat n2, vi n2 < n1. Mot tia
sanh SI ti mot ay cua si cap quang di goc i,
khuc xa trong si cap, va sau nhieu lan phan xa toan phan mat tiep xuc gia
hai lp thuy tinh, co the lo ra khoi ay kia.
a) Tnh gia tr ln nhat im ma i khong c vt qua e tia sang khong truyen
sang lp vo ngoai.
b) Si cap (cung vi lp boc) c uon cong cho truc cua no lam thanh mot
cung tron, ban knh R. Goc i bay gi la bao nhieu ?
Cho biet : n1 = 1,50 ; n2 = 1,48 ; a = 0,2mm ; R = 5cm.
Chu y : 1- Ch xet tia sang nam trong mat phang cha truc cua si cap.
2- Ch can cho biet gia tr chnh xac cua sin, cos hoac tang cua im.
from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 1 of 2
Bai 4 : Quang hoc
A A
Mot hoc sinh muon lam th nghiem giao thoa anh sang,
nhng ch co : mot lng lang knh AIA, bang thuy tinh chiet
suat n = 1,50 ; hai goc chiet quang A va A (hnh ben) eu I I
0
bang 5 , mot khe F co o rong h = 0,02mm ; mot knh lup co
tieu c f = 4cm va mot en natri phat ra bc xa n sac, A A
co bc song O = 589 nm. au tien hoc sinh o at en
cho sang roi qua khe F va i ti lng lang knh. Khe F cach eu A va A mot
khoang d = 20cm. at knh lup cach A, A mot khoang d= 1,04cm e quan sat
van giao thoa.
a) Hay giai thch tai sao khi quan sat qua knh lup hoc sinh o khong trong thay
van giao thoa (tuy F hoan toan song song vi canh I cua lng lang knh).
b) Theo gi y cua thay, hoc sinh o at mot tam thuy tinh T co hai mat song
song e lam vi lng lang knh thanh mot cai chau, roi o chat long chiet suat
n < n vao (xem hnh).
1) Chng minh rang e quan sat c van giao thoa T khong can phai song
song vi mat AA.
2) e quan sat c van, n phai co gia tr t nhat la bao nhieu ?
3) Tnh khoang van i va goc trong khoang o qua knh lup, khi n = 1,42.
Cho biet : l = 3.10-4 rad.

from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 2 of 2

KY THI CHON HOC SINH GIOI QUOC GIA LP 12 THPT nam hoc 2001 2002
(13 3 2002)

1 Nhiet :
Mot m3 khong kh nhiet o 100oC, ap suat 1 atmotphe vat ly (1atm) va co o
am tng oi 50% c nen ang nhiet thuan nghch ti the tch 0,2m3.
Tnh ap suat cua khong kh sau khi nen.
Tnh cong cua lc nen.
Tnh nhiet lng toa ra.
2 . Mot lng hi nc soi ap suat kh quyen c h nong ang ap en
nhiet o 150oC, sau o c gian n oan nhiet en the tch ln gap 1,5
lan. Chng to trong qua trnh o khong co lng hi nc nao ngng
ong thanh nc long.
Khi lam bai :
Coi hi nc cha bao hoa nh kh ly tng vi t so Cp/Cv = J = 1,33.
Bo qua the tch rieng cua nc long so vi the tch rieng cua hi nc
cung nhiet o.
An nhiet hoa hi cua nc lan can 100oC la 2250KJ/kg (an nhiet hoa hi la
nhiet lng can cung cap cho mot n v khoi lng nc e no chuyen
sang trang thai hi cung nhiet o).
Cac bien thien nhiet o nho hn 10oC xem la cac bien thien nho, khi lam bai
co the van dung cac phep tnh gan ung thch hp.
1atm = 1,013.105Pa
2 ien :
Mot hat (coi nh chat iem) co khoi lng m va ien tch q at cach mot
ien tch iem +Q co nh mot khoang cach d, tat ca at trong mot t
trng eu co ng sc vuong goc vi ng thang noi hai ien tch. Hat
q ban au ng yen. Tha cho no chuyen ong. Khoang cach t ien tch
ng yen ti hat giam dan ti mot gia tr cc tieu bang d/3 roi lai tang.
Mo ta chuyen ong va ve cac quy ao chuyen ong cua hat.
Tnh o ln cua vect cam ng t cua trng.
& &
Ghi chu : Hnh chieu cua vect van toc v cua chat iem M len vect r =
dr
OM noi t iem co nh O ti M th bang . Bo qua anh hng cua
dt
trong trng.
3 Quang hoc :
Mot knh lup lam bang thuy tinh chiet suat n = 1,50. Knh co hai mat cau loi
giong nhau ban knh R = 10cm. Mot ngi co mat tot, iem cc can cach
mat 25cm ; at mat tren truc chnh cua knh va cach tam I cua knh 20cm e
quan sat mot vat phang.
Vat co dang mot t giay ke o vuong at vuong goc vi truc chnh va cach I
mot khoang 8cm.
Tnh o boi giac cua anh (xem knh lup nh mot thau knh mong).
FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 1 of 4
Thc ra ay la mot thau knh day. Cho day nhat cua knh la
1cm. Xet hai tia sang song song vi truc chnh i ti knh : tia
th nhat i gan sat vi truc chnh va lo ra cat truc chnh tai
iem F1, tia th hai i sat mep knh va cat truc chnh tai iem
F2. Hay tnh cac khoang cach IF1 va IF2. I
Hay ve phac anh cua cac o vuong ma ngi ay nhn thay qua knh. Giai thch.

Bai IV : Phng an thc hanh

1 Biet so Avogaro N = 6,023.1023mol-1, em muon t mnh xac nh gia tr cua
ien tch nguyen to e bang phng phap ien phan. Trong tay em ch co
Mot t day ong va day ien bang may so (dung trong bep ien).
Mot ong ho van nang ch th bang kim (Von ampe omke) khong biet ro cac
thong so cua may.
Mot acqui xe may a o d axt va nap ien u (co the lay mot t axt e
dung).
Mot bm tiem (loai 5cm3, co chia o en 0,1cm3) co the dung e o the tch
kh.
Cac ien tr than (thng dung e lap mach ien t, sai so 2,5) co cac gia tr
10:, 100:, 1000:, 5000:, 20000: moi loai vai chiec.
Vai chiec pin kho a hong (ma em pha ra e lay vat lieu).
Mot so dung cu thong thng khac nh : ong ho bam giay, nhiet ke, thc
chia o ti mm, coc ong, . . .
Hay trnh bay phng an th nghiem cua em.
2 Khi bat tay lam th nghiem, em phat hien ra trong thang o dong ien
khong hoat ong c. Em phai chuyen thang o hieu ien the (t 0
en 1V) thanh thang o cng o dong ien (t 0 en 1A). Hay e xuat
phng an chuyen thang o cua em.
3 e thc hien phng an cua mnh, em phai lam mot ien tr bang day
may so co gia tr tnh trc, nhng thang o om cua ong ho van nang
khong dung c e o ien tr nho. Hay e xuat mot phng an e
lam c ien tr nh y muon.
Lu y :
Phng an th nghiem can trnh bay theo trnh t sau :
- Nguyen ly th nghiem, cac ai lng can o va cong thc e tnh gia tr
cua ai lng phai xac nh.
- S o cua th nghiem, cach bo tr th nghiem cu the va cach lam th
nghiem.
- Phng phap s l so lieu (neu can thiet).
- c tnh sai so t oi cua ket qua trong th nghiem ma em nh lam (neu
can thiet).

FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 2 of 4

KY THI CHON HOC SINH GIOI QUOC GIA LP 12 THPT nam hoc 2001 2002
(12 3 2002)

Bai I : C hoc
1 Mot cot chieu dai AB = 1,0m nang P = 500N c A
at thang ng tren mat at nam ngang nhap, he
so ma sat la K = 0,4. au A c neo chat vao at D F
C
bang day thep, trong lng khong ang ke,
nghieng goc D = 37o so vi cot. Mot lc F nam
ngang tac dung vao iem C cua cot nh hnh (F > B
0).
C la trung iem cua AB. Tnh lc F ln nhat (F = Fmax) ma
au B cua cot con cha b trt.
AB
C la iem ng vi n = t 1. Chng minh rang neu C u cao, tc la n u ln
AC
th du F ln en may au B cung khong trt (Gia thiet day thep khong b t
hoac bat au neo). Tnh n va BC ng vi o cao ay.
Cho n = 3 ; F = 900N. Tnh lc cang day R. (lay cos 37o | 0,6).
2 Trong mot truyen khoa hoc vien tng cua
R.A.Heinlein co mo ta mot cay cot cng, ong
nhat, tiet dien eu, nam l lng trong khong trung
Trai at
theo phng thang ng, chan cot nam gan sat
Xch ao
mat at, ngay tren mot iem co nh tren xch ao.
Hoi neu co cay cot o th no phai dai bao nhieu ?
Khi tnh em phai t suy ra cac hang so can thiet.
Bai II : ien B
1 e o ien tr R va o t cam L cua mot cuon L R2
day, ta dung cau hnh, noi vao nguon ien R
xoay chieu co tan so goc Z. C la mot tu ien co A T D
ien dung a biet, R3 la ien tr co gia tr a C
biet, R2 va r la hai bien tr, r lap noi tiep vi C. R3
Bien oi R2 va r e cau can bang (khong co r
dong qua tai nghe T), ta oc c R2 va r. Goi E
cac tong tr cua cac oan AB, BD, AE, ED lan
lt la Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4.
Ve gian o Frexnen. Suy ra lien he gia R, L va C, r,
Z.
Tnh cac tong tr Zi va tm lien he gia chung. Suy ra
mot lien he na gia R, L va C, r. R3, R2.
Tnh R va L theo cac gia tr a biet R3, R2, C, r, Z.
Ap dung : R2 = R3 = 1000: ; r = 5000: ; C = 0,2PF ; Z =
1000rad/s, Tnh R va L.
FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 3 of 4
2 Mot he gom co : mot acquy S.. khong oi E,
ien tr trong khong ang ke ; mot ien tr R ;
mot tu ien phang khi ga hai ban la khong kh
th co ien dung la Co ; mot tam ien moi co
hang so ien moi H va cac day dan ien tr
khong ang ke.
trang thai au, he c mac theo hnh va R
tam ien moi choan ay khoang khong gia hai H
ban cc cua tu. He can bang nhiet vi mot moi E
trng ben ngoai. Ngi ta rut nhanh tam ien
moi ra khoi tu ien va i en khi he tr lai can
bang nhiet vi moi trng ben ngoai.
Hay tnh : cong ma he nhan c, nhiet ma he
toa ra va bien thien nang lng toan phan cua
he trong qua trnh o. Bien thien nang lng ay
dien ra trong phan nao cua he ? Bo qua ong
nang cua tam ien moi.
Bai III : Quang
Xet he quang hoc gom n thau knh hoi tu mong, giong nhau, co tieu c f,
c at ong truc va cach eu nhau mot khoang bang 4f. Ta goi K la so
th t cua thau knh (LK) va OK la quang tam cua thau knh K.
Mot vat bieu dien bang vect AB, co iem A nam tren truc xx, c at
vuong goc vi quang truc, cach thau knh th nhat mot khoang 2f pha
ngoai quang he. Ta goi y = AB la chieu cao cua vat. Anh cua AB sau thau
knh th K la AKBK co chieu cao yK = Ak Bk .
Xac nh v tr cac iem AK va cac gia tr yK.
Mot tia sang xuat phat t B na92n trong cung mat phang vi quang truc, i ve
pha quang he va ra xa quang truc, lap vi quang truc mot goc D nho.
Sau khi qua thau knh th nhat, tia sang o lap vi
quang truc mot goc D1 bang bao nhieu ?
Sau khi qua thau knh th K, tia sang o lap vi quang truc mot goc Dk bang bao
nhieu ?
T ket qua cau 2 rut ra nhan xet ve o sang cua cac iem tren anh thu c
sau he quang hoc, gia thiet vat AB co o sang ong eu.
He quang hoc nay c ng dung e truyen anh
cua vat tren mot khoang cach. Trc ay ngi ta
s dung he nay cung vi mot vai thau knh thch
hp tao nen mot knh noi soi dung e quan sat cac
chi tiet nho cua cac bo phan sau ben trong c
the ngi. Hay neu mot phng an che tao knh noi
soi nh vay. Cho bieu thc tnh gan ung tgD | D
neu D nho.
FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 4 of 4
Gii thiu cc thi

thi chn hc sinh gii quc gia

mn vt l, lp 12 THPT nm hc 2002 2003
Ngy thi th hai, 13 / 03 / 2003

Bng A
Bi I: C hc
Cho mt bn cu c ng cht, khi lng m, bn knh R, tm O.
1. Chng minh rng khi tm G ca bn cu cch tm O ca n mt on l
d = 3R/8.
2. t bn cu trn mt phng nm
U
ngang. y bn cu sao cho trc i O
.
O v 0
xng ca n nghing mt gc nh so vi .
phng thng ng ri bung nh cho
dao ng (Hnh 1). Cho rng bn cu
khng trt trn mt phng ny v ma st
ln khng ng k. Hy tm chu k dao Hnh 1 Hnh 2
ng ca bn cu.
3. Gi thit bn cu ang nm cn bng trn mt mt phng nm ngang
khc m cc ma st gia bn cu v mt phng u bng khng (HnhU 2). Tc
dng ln bn cu trong khong thi gian rt ngn mt xung ca lc X no
theo phng nm ngang, hng i qua tm O ca bn cu sao cho tm O ca n
U
c vn tc v 0 .
a) Tnh nng lng truyn cho bn cu.
b) M t nh tnh chuyn ng tip theo ca bn cu. Coi v0 c gi tr nh.
Cho bit gia tc trng trng l g; m men qun tnh ca qu cu c ng
cht khi lng M, bn knh R i vi trc quay i qua
2
tm ca n l I = MR 2 . a
5 A B
Bi II: in - T
Cho mt khung dy dn kn hnh ch nht ABCD
bng kim loi, c in tr l R, c chiu di cc cnh l
d
b
a v b. Mt dy dn thng ' di v hn, nm trong mt
phng ca khung dy, song song vi cnh AD v cch '
n mt on d nh hnh 3. Trn dy dn thng c dng D C
in cng I0 chy qua.
1. Tnh t thng qua khung dy. Hnh 3
2. Tnh in lng chy qua mt tit din thng ca
khung dy trong qu trnh cng dng in trong dy dn thng gim n
khng.
FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 1 of 3
 3. Cho rng cng dng in trong dy dn thng gim tuyn tnh theo
thi gian cho n khi bng khng, v tr dy dn thng v v tr khung dy khng
thay i. Hy xc nh xung ca lc t tc dng ln khung.

Bi III: Quang hc
Cho h hai thu knh hi t mng, tiu c ln lt l f1 v f2, t ng trc
cch nhau mt khong a. Hy xc nh mt im A trn trc chnh ca h sao
cho mi tia sng qua A sau khi ln lt khc x qua hai thu knh th l ra khi h
theo phng song song vi tia ti.

Bi IV: Phng n thc hnh

Cho cc dng c sau:
x Mt hp in tr mu cho php tu chn in tr c tr s nguyn
t 10 : n vi M:.
x Mt ngun in xoay chiu c tn s f bit v c hiu in th
hiu dng gia hai cc khng i.
x Mt ngun in mt chiu.
x Mt my o in cho php o c cng dng in v hiu
in th (mt chiu, xoay chiu).
x Cc dy ni, cc ngt in c in tr khng ng k.
x Mt ng h o thi gian.
Hy lp ba phng n xc nh in dung ca mt t in.
Yu cu nu: nguyn tc l thuyt ca php o, cch b tr th nghim,
cch tin hnh th nghim, cc cng thc tnh ton, nhng iu cn ch
gim sai s ca php o.

Bng B
Bi I: C hc
Cho mt bn cu c ng cht, khi lng m, bn knh R, tm O.
1. Chng minh rng khi tm G ca bn cu cch tm O ca n mt on
l d = 3R/8.
2. t bn cu trn mt phng nm ngang. y bn
cu sao cho trc i xng ca n nghing mt gc D0 nh so
vi phng thng ng ri bung nh cho dao ng (Hnh 1). O
.
Cho rng bn cu khng trt trn mt phng v ma st ln
khng ng k. Hy tm chu k dao ng ca bn cu. Cho
bit gia tc trng trng l g; m men qun tnh ca qu cu
c ng cht, khi lng M, bn knh R i vi trc quay i Hnh 1
2
qua tm ca n l I = MR 2 .
5
Bi II: in - T a
Cho mt khung dy dn kn hnh ch nht ABCD A B
bng kim loi, c in tr l R, c chiu di cc cnh l a
v b. Mt dy dn thng ' di v hn, nm trong mt
phng ca khung dy, song song vi cnh AD v cch n
d
b

2 '
D C
FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 2 of 3
Hnh 2
mt on d nh hnh 2. Trn dy dn thng c dng in cng I0 chy qua.
1. Tnh t thng qua khung dy.
2. Tnh in lng chy qua mt tit din thng ca khung dy trong qu
trnh cng dng in trn dy dn thng gim n khng.
3. Cho rng cng dng in trong dy dn thng gim tuyn tnh theo
thi gian n khng trong thi gian 't, v tr dy dn thng v v tr khung dy
khng thay i. Tm biu thc ca lc t tc dng ln khung dy theo thi gian.

Bi III: Quang hc: nh Bi III, Bng A.

Bi IV: Phng n thc hnh

Cho cc dng c sau:
x Mt hp in tr mu cho php tu chn in tr c tr s nguyn
t 10 : n vi M:.
x Mt ngun in xoay chiu c tn s f bit v c hiu in th
hiu dng gia hai cc khng i.
x Mt my o in cho php o c cng dng in v hiu
in th xoay chiu.
x Cc dy ni, cc ngt in c in tr khng ng k.
Hy lp hai phng n xc nh in dung ca mt t in.
Yu cu nu: nguyn tc l thuyt ca php o, cch b tr th nghim,
cch tin hnh th nghim, cc cng thc tnh ton, nhng iu cn ch
gim sai s ca php o.

3
FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 3 of 3
from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 1 of 4
from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 2 of 4
from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 3 of 4
from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 4 of 4
B gio dc vy yo to k thi chn hc sinh gii quc gia
lp 12 THPT nm 2005
thi chnh thc
Mn: vt l, Bng A
Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao )
Ngy thi th nht: 10/3/2005

Byi I
Cho vt nh A c khi l}ng m v vt B khi l}ng M. Mt trn ca B l mt phn
mt cu bn knh R (xem hnh v). Lc u B ng yn trn mt sn S, bn knh ca mt
cu i qua A hp vi ph}ng thng ng mt gc B0 ( B0 c gi tr nh). Th cho A
chuyn ng vi vn tc ban u bng khng. Ma st gia A v B khng ng k. Cho
gia tc trng tr}ng l g.
1. Gi s khi A dao ng, B ng yn (do c ma
st gia B v sn S).
a) Tm chu k dao ng ca vt A.
b) Tnh c}ng ca lc m A tc dng ln B .C
khi bn knh qua vt A hp vi ph}ng thng
ng mt gc D (D d D 0 ). D0 R
c) H s ma st gia B v mt sn S phi tho A
m
mn iu kin no B ng yn khi A dao B M
ng? S
2. Gi s ma st gia vt B v mt sn S c th b
qua.
a) Tnh chu k dao ng ca h.
b) Lc m A tc dng ln B c gi tr cc i bng bao nhiu?

Byi II
Trong bnh kn B c cha hn hp kh oxi v heli. Kh
trong bnh c th thng vi mi tr}ng bn ngoi bng mt
ng c kho K v mt ng hnh ch U hai u h, trong
h
c cha thu ngn (p k thu ngn) nh} hnh v. Th tch ca
kh trong ng ch U nh khng ng k so vi th tch ca K
bnh. Khi kh trong bnh cn bng nhit vi mi tr}ng bn
ngoi nh}ng p sut th cao hn nn c s chnh lch ca mc
thu ngn trong hai nhnh ch U l h 6, 2cm. Ng}i ta m
kho K cho kh trong bnh thng vi bn ngoi ri ng li B
ngay. Sau mt thi gian di h cn bng nhit tr li vi
mi tr}ng bn ngoi th thy chnh lch ca mc thu
ngn trong hai nhnh l h ' 2, 2cm. Cho O 16; He 4.
1. Hy xc nh t s khi l}ng ca oxi v heli c trong bnh.
2. Tnh nhit l}ng m kh trong bnh nhn }c trong qu trnh ni trn. Bit s mol
kh cn li trong bnh sau khi m kha K l n = 1; p sut v nhit ca mi
tr}ng ln l}t l p0 = 105 N/m2; T0 = 300K, khi l}ng ring ca thy ngn l
U = 13,6g/cm3; gia tc trng tr}ng l g = 10m/s2.

FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 1 of 4

 Byi III
Cho mch in c s nh} hnh v. Hai t A K1 K2
in C1 v C2 ging nhau, c cng in dung C. T
in C1 }c tch in n hiu in th U0, cun U0 +
dy c t cm L, cc kho K1 v K2 ban u u _ C1 L C2
m. in tr ca cun dy, ca cc dy ni, ca cc
kho l rt nh, nn c th coi dao ng in t B
trong mch l iu ho.
1. ng kho K1 ti thi im t = 0. Hy tm biu thc ph thuc thi gian t ca:
a) c}ng dng in chy qua cun dy,
b) in tch q1 trn bn ni vi A ca t in C1.
2. Sau ng K2. Gi T0 l chu k dao ng ring ca mch LC1 v q 2 l in tch
trn bn ni vi K2 ca t in C2 . Hy tm biu thc ph thuc thi gian t ca
c}ng dng in chy qua cun dy v ca q 2 trong hai tr}ng hp:
3T0
a) Kho K2 }c ng thi im t1
4
b) Kho K2 }c ng thi im t 2 T0 .
3. Tnh nng l}ng in t ca mch in ngay tr}c v ngay sau thi im t2 theo
cc gi thit cu 2b. Hin t}ng vt l no xy ra trong qu trnh ny?

Byi IV
Cho h trc to Descartes vung gc
Oxy. Mt thu knh hi t, quang tm O1, S
}c t sao cho trc chnh trng vi Ox. S l h O1 A B C
O
im sng nm tr}c thu knh. Gi S' l nh
x
ca S qua thu knh.
1. Lc u S nm trn Oy, cch thu knh
mt khong bng tiu c ca thu
knh, cch O mt khong bng h. Gi
S c nh, dch chuyn thu knh ra xa y
dn S sao cho trc chnh lun lun
trng vi Ox.
a) Lp ph}ng trnh qu o y = f(x) ca S'. Bit tiu c ca thu knh l f. Phc
ho qu o ny v ch r chiu dch chuyn ca nh khi thu knh dch chuyn ra
xa dn S.
b) Trn trc Ox c ba im A, B, C (xem hnh v). Bit AB = 6cm, BC = 4cm. Khi
thu knh dch chuyn t A ti B th S' li gn trc Oy thm 9cm, khi thu knh
dch chuyn t B ti C th S' li gn trc Oy thm 1cm. Tm ta im A v tiu
c ca thu knh.
2. Gi s im sng S cch thu knh mt khong ln hn tiu c ca thu knh. Gi
thu knh c nh, nh S' s di chuyn th no nu dch chuyn S li gn thu knh
theo mt }ng thng bt k?

x Th sinh khng uc s dng twi liu.

x Gim th khng gii thch g thm.

FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 2 of 4

B gio dc vy yo to k thi chn hc sinh gii quc gia
lp 12 THPT nm 2005
thi chnh thc
Mn: vt l, Bng A
Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao )
Ngy thi th hai: 11/3/2005

Byi I

Mt can chuyn ng t bn A ca b sng bn ny sang b sng bn kia. Sng

thng v c chiu rng l b. Ng}i ta dng h trc to Oxy m gc O ti A, trc Ox
vung gc vi b sng, ct b i din B, trc Oy h}ng dc b sng, theo chiu
n}c chy. Do cu to ca dng sng, vn tc chy u ca n}c ti im c ta x
ph thuc vo x theo quy lut:
x 2x 1 b
u(1  5b )  ( 5b  5 )h(x  2 ) u 0

b b
trong u0 l mt hng s d}ng, cn h(x  ) l hm Heaviside ca bin (x  ).
2 2
Hm Heaviside ca bin X }c nh ngha nh} sau:
0 khi X  0
h(X)
1 khi X t 0
1. Gi s vn tc ca can i vi n}c c ln l v 0 khng i v lun h}ng
theo ph}ng vung gc vi b sng.
a) Xc nh ph}ng trnh qu o v phc ho qu o ca can.
b) Khi cp b bn kia, can cch B mt on bng bao nhiu?
c) Chng minh rng gia tc ca can so vi b sng ph thuc bc nht
b
vo v 0 . Ti sao gia tc ny li i h}ng t ngt ti x ?
2
2. Gi s vn tc ca can i vi n}c lun h}ng theo ph}ng vung gc vi b
sng nh}ng c ln thay i sao cho can cp b bn kia im cch B mt
on c v pha h l}u theo mt qu o thng. Lp biu thc ca vn tc can
theo x.

Byi II

Bn ht nh A, B, C, D c cng khi l}ng B

m v u mang in tch d}ng, }c ni vi
nhau bng bn si dy mnh c cng chiu di L
L trong khng kh. Cc dy khng gin, khi D
l}ng ca dy khng ng k. Tng cp hai ht A C
A v C, B v D c in tch bng nhau. Bit in
tch ca mi ht A, C bng q. Khi h cn bng,
bn in tch bn nh ca hnh thoi ABCD c
gc cc nh A, C l 2D (hnh v). B qua tc D
dng ca lc hp dn v lc cn ca mi tr}ng.
FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 3 of 4
 1. Tnh in tch Q ca mi ht B, D.
2. Ko hai ht A, C v hai pha ng}c nhau theo ph}ng AC sao cho mi ht lch
khi v tr cn bng ban u mt on nh ri bung cho dao ng. Tm chu k
dao ng.
3. Gi thit khi cc in tch ang nm yn v tr cn bng th cc dy ng thi
b t t tc thi. Tm t s gia tc ca ht A so vi gia tc ca ht B ngay sau
khi t dy.

Byi III

Mt vt sng c khi l}ng m, coi nh} mt cht im, }c gn d}i mt l xo c

cng k v c khi l}ng khng ng k. Khi dao ng, vt c v tr cn bng nm
trn }ng thng ko di ca }ng knh O1O2 ca mt qu cu bng thy tinh. Qu
cu c bn knh R, chit sut n = 1,5. Khong cch t v tr cn bng ca vt sng ti
O1 l R. Mt sau qu cu }c trng bc (hnh v). Ta
ch xt nh ca vt sng to bi cc tia i t vt n
qu cu vi gc ti nh. Coi chit sut ca khng kh
bng 1.
1. Xc nh v tr nh ca vt sng khi vt v tr O1 R C O2
.
cn bng.
2. Khi vt sng dao ng vi bin A (A c gi R
tr nh) th nh ca vt dao ng vi vn tc
cc i bng bao nhiu?

Byi IV

Mt cc ong trong th nghim c dng hnh tr y trn, khi l}ng M, th tch

bn trong ca cc l V0. Trn thnh cc, theo ph}ng thng ng ng}i ta khc cc
vch chia o th tch v o cao ca cht lng trong cc. Coi y cc v thnh cc
c dy nh} nhau, b qua s dnh }t. }c dng mt chu to ng n}c, hy lp
ph}ng n xc nh dy d, din tch y ngoi S v khi l}ng ring Uc ca cht
lm cc. Yu cu:
1. Nu cc b}c th nghim. Lp bng biu cn thit.
2. Lp cc biu thc xc nh d, S theo cc kt qu o ca th nghim (cho khi
l}ng ring ca n}c l U).
3. Lp biu thc tnh khi l}ng ring Uc ca cht lm cc qua cc i l}ng S, d,
M, V0.
4. Dng ph}ng php th xc nh din tch y ngoi S, ri tm dy d
ca cc. Nu cc b}c tin hnh v gii thch.

x Th sinh khng uc s dng twi liu.

x Gim th khng gii thch g thm.

FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 4 of 4

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FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET  Page 3 of 3

from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 1 of 3
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from: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 3 of 3
FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 1 of 2
FROM: DAYHOCVATLI.NET Page 2 of 2
 K THI CHN HC SINH GII QUC GIA
B GIO DC V O TO
LP 12 THPT NM 2010
THI CHNH THC Mn: VT L
Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao )
Ngy thi: 11/3/2010
( thi c 02 trang, gm 07 cu)

Cu 1. (3,0 im)
Mt thanh cng AB ng cht, tit din u, khi lng M,
O1 O2
chiu di AB = L c gn thm mt vt nh khi lng m = M/4
u mt B. Thanh c treo nm ngang bi hai si dy nh, khng 0
dn O1A v O2B (hnh v). Gc hp bi dy O1A v phng thng
ng l 0.
a. Tnh lc cng T0 ca dy O1A. M m
b. Ct dy O2B, tnh lc cng T ca dy O1A v gia tc gc ca
thanh ngay sau khi ct. A B

Cu 2. (2,5 im)
Ngi ta a mt qu cu bng nc nhit t0 = 0oC vo su v gi ng yn trong lng mt
h nc rng c nhit ng u t1 = 20oC. Do trao i nhit, qu cu b tan dn. Gi thit rng s trao
i nhit gia nc h v qu cu nc ch do s dn nhit. Bit h s dn nhit ca nc l
k = 0,6 J.s-1.m-1.K-1; nhit nng chy ca nc l = 334.103 J.kg-1; khi lng ring ca nc l
= 920 kg.m-3; nhit lng truyn qua din tch S vung gc vi phng truyn nhit trong thi gian dt
dT dT
l dQ = kS dt vi l bin thin nhit trn mt n v chiu di theo phng truyn nhit.
dx dx
T thi im qu cu nc c bn knh R0 = 1,5 cm, hy tm:
a. Thi gian qu cu tan ht.
b. Thi gian bn knh qu cu cn li mt na.

Cu 3. (3,0 im)
Cho h trc to Oxyz c trc Oz hng thng ng ln trn. Trong vng khng gian z 0 c mt t
G
trng u vi vect cm ng t B = (0, B, 0). Lc u trong vng khng gian z > 0 (khng c t trng) c
mt vng dy siu dn, cng, mnh, hnh trn bn knh R, t cm L v c dng in khng i cng
I0 chy bn trong. Sau , vng dy c a vo treo trong vng khng gian z < 0 bng mt si dy
G
mnh khng dn in. Khi vng dy nm cn bng bn trong t trng, gc gia vect B v hnh chiu ca
n trn mt phng vng dy l .
a. V th biu din s ph thuc ca sin vo B.
b. Cho R = 8 cm, L = 10 mH, B = 0,5 T v I0 = 2 A. Hy tnh cng ca lc t cho n khi 1/3 din tch
ca vng dy c ko chm ra khi vng c t trng.

Cu 4. (3,0 im)
Chiu tia sng trng vo mt bn ca mt lng knh tam gic u vi gc ti i = 45o. Do tn sc, cc
tia sng n sc l ra khi mt bn th hai ca lng knh vi cc gc lch khc nhau so vi tia sng trng.
Bit s thay i chit sut ca lng knh i vi cc tia t n tm rt chm, chit sut i vi tia vng
l nv =1,653.
a. Tnh gc lch D v ca tia vng sau khi l ra khi lng knh.
b. Bit hai tia n sc l ra khi lng knh hp vi nhau mt gc i' nh. Tm hiu s chit sut n
ca lng knh i vi hai tia n sc ny. p dng tnh n nu bit i' = 2o.

Cu 5. (2,5 im)
Trong mt m my hi nc dy, mt u c mt git nc hnh cu bn knh rt nh (coi nh
cht im) ri xung vi vn tc ban u bng 0. Trong qu trnh chuyn ng trong m my, khi
lng ca git nc tng ln do nc trong m my bm vo. Gi s tc tng khi lng ca git
1
nc t l thun vi din tch mt ngoi ca git nc v vi vn tc ca n theo mt h s t l k. Coi
rng git nc lun c dng hnh cu. Cho gia tc trng trng l g, khi lng ring ca nc l
khng i v b qua lc cn. Bit rng sau mt thi gian ln, git nc vn trong m my v
chuyn ng vi gia tc khng i. Trong qu trnh git nc chuyn ng vi gia tc khng i , tm
khi lng v vn tc ca git nc theo thi gian ri.

Cu 6. (3,0 im)
Tc nh sng trong cht lng ng yn l c/n vi c l tc nh sng trong chn khng v n l
chit sut cht lng. Ngi ta thy rng tc nh sng u (i vi phng th nghim) trong mt dng cht
lng chuyn ng vi vn tc v (i vi phng th nghim) c th biu din di dng:
c
u = + kv
n
trong k c gi l h s ko theo.
a. Nm 1851 Fizeau lm th nghim vi dng nc (n = 4/3) v o c k = 0,44. T cng thc cng
vn tc trong thuyt tng i hy xc nh li gi tr ca k.
b. Nu s dng ngun nh sng n sc c bc sng v s ph thuc ca chit sut cht lng vo
b
bc sng ca nh sng theo quy lut n( ) = a + 2 (a v b l cc h s ph thuc vo loi cht lng) th

h s k bng bao nhiu?
Coi v  c v (1 + x) 1 + x khi | x | 1 .

Cu 7. Xc nh ng knh ca phn t kh (3,0 im)

Trong ng hnh tr c ng knh nh, cht kh chy n nh theo cc ng dng song song vi trc
ng. Tc ca cc dng chy gim dn t trc ng ra thnh ng do lc ni ma st gia cc dng chy.
Tc dng chy ln nht trc ng v bng 0 st thnh ng. Lc ni ma st gia hai lp cht kh st
dv dv
nhau l f ms = A vi A l din tch tip xc gia hai lp cht kh, l bin thin tc trn mt
dr dr
n v chiu di theo phng vung gc vi dng chy, l nht m gi tr ca n ph thuc vo
ng knh phn t kh d v nhit T ca cht kh theo cng thc sau:
1/ 2
2 mk T
= 2 3B
3d
vi m l khi lng phn t kh, kB l hng s Boltzmann.
B

Cho cc dng c sau:

- Bnh cha kh nit c p sut kh u ra khng i;
- 01 van dng thay i lu lng cht kh;
- 01 ng mao qun hnh tr c chiu di L, bn knh ng R;
- 01 thit b o lu lng kh;
- 01 p k nc hnh ch U;
- Nhit k o nhit phng v cc ng dn, khp ni cn thit.
Hy:
a. Thit lp cng thc tnh lu lng kh chy qua ng theo kch thc ng, chnh lch p sut
gia hai u ng v nht ca cht kh.
b. xut phng n th nghim: v s th nghim v nu cc bc tin hnh xc nh ng
knh phn t kh nit.

----------------------------HT---------------------------

Th sinh khng c s dng ti liu.

Gim th khng gii thch g thm.

2
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B GIO DC V O TO K THI CHN HC SINH GII QUC GIA THPT
THI CHNH THC NM 2012
Mn: VT L
Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao )
Ngy thi th nht: 11/01/2012
( thi c 02 trang, gm 05 cu)

Cu 1. (4,5 im)
Trn mt mt phng nghing gc D so vi mt nm ngang,
ngi ta t mt chic nm c gc nm l E, khi lng m1 v mt m2
qu cu c ng cht, khi lng m2, bn knh R (Hnh 1). Th
cho h chuyn ng v ch kho st cc qu trnh khi nm cn E

ET
trt trn mt phng nghing. Bit gia tc ri t do l g. m1
1. Xt D = E, m1 >> m2. Xc nh gia tc tng i ca qu

I.N
cu so vi nm khi qu cu cn chuyn ng trn nm m
trong cc trng hp:
a) B qua mi ma st.
TL D
b) Qu cu ln khng trt trn nm v nm trt khng ma
VA

st trn mt phng nghing. B qua ma st ln. Hnh 1

2. Xt E = 2D = 600, m1 = m2. Trong qu trnh rnh chu ng
h chuyn
chuy
C

trr
ca qu cu v nm, qu cu ln khng trt t trn nm v nm trt khng ma st trn mt phng
O

nghing. Xc nh gia tc ca nm khi qu cu

hi qu ccu cn ln trn nm.
gi li cn nm trt vo vng c h s ma st P = ks vi
H

c gi
3. Sau khi qu cu ri nm, qu cu c
s l qung ng nm trt cc k
k t
t khi nm bt u lt hon ton vo trong vng , k l
AY

mt hng s dng. Sau khi i c

hi i qung ng s = S0 th nm dng li. Tnh thi gian W
nm i c qung ng g S0.
:D

Cu 2. (4,0 im)
m

Mt mol kh l tng ng

ng nguyn t thc hin chu
ng llng
in p-V
p gm cc qu trnh on
fro

trnh ABCDA trn gi gin

nhit AB, ng nhit BC, ng nhit DA v qu trnh CD
c p sut t l thun vi th tch (Hnh 2). Bit nhit
tuyt i trong qu trnh DA gp i nhit tuyt i
trong qu trnh BC. Cho pC = 4.105 N/m2, VC = VA= 5
dm3.
1. Xc nh cc thng s trng thi pA, pB, VB , VD,
pD.
2. Gi E l giao im ca ng AB v CD. Tnh
cng ca chu trnh EBCE.
Cu 3. (4,0 im)
Gi s trong khng gian c mt t trng c tnh i xng tr vi trc i xng l '. Cm ng t ti
A
mt im cch trc ' mt khong r c phng gn nh song song vi trc ' v c ln l B (r )
rn
2
(n = v A l mt hng s dng).
3
 Mt ht c khi lng m, in tch q (q > 0) chuyn ng trn mt mt phng vung gc vi trc '.
B qua tc dng ca cc lc khc so vi lc t. Lc u ht chuyn ng trn u trn qu o c bn
knh R vi tm O nm trn trc '.
1. Xc nh tc di v tc gc ca ht.
2. Khi ang chuyn ng trn u trn qu o bn knh R ni trn, ht b mt ngoi lc tc dng
trong thi gian ngn lm ht dch chuyn mt on nh x0 theo phng bn knh (x0 << R). Bit
rng sau ht dao ng tun hon theo phng bn knh i qua ht. Tm chu k ca dao ng
ny.
3. Gi thit ban u ht im M cch trc ' mt khong R1 v c vn tc hng theo phng bn
knh ra xa trc. Bit rng trong qu trnh chuyn ng, khong cch cc i t ht ti trc ' l
R2. Tnh vn tc ban u ca ht.
Cu 4. (4,0 im)
Mt ngun sng im nm trong cht lng v cch mt cht lng mt kho hong H.
khong H Mt ngi t mt

ET
trong khng kh pha trn mt cht lng quan st nh ca ngun sng.
1. Gi thit cht lng l ng cht v c chit sut n = 1,5. Tnh khong
khong c
kho cch t nh ca ngun sng

I.N
n mt cht lng trong cc trng hp sau:
a) Mt nhn ngun sng theo phng vung gc vi mt cht TLht lng.
l ng.
b) Mt nhn ngun sng theo phng hp vi mt cht llng m gc D = 600.
ng mt
2. Gi thit chit sut ca cht lng ch thay i theo
eo ng vung gc vi mt cht lng theo quy
o ph
ph
phng
VA

y
lut n 2 vi y l khong cch t im angng xxt n
mt cht lng. Bit tia sng truyn t ngun
C

H
sng l ra khi mt cht lng i ti mt theo phh
ng h vi mt cht lng mt gc D = 600. Hi tia ny
O

phngng hp
l ra im cch ngun sng mt khong bao nhiu
nhi theo phng nm ngang?
H

Cu 5. (3,5 im)
AY

Trn mt xe t cch ngi quan st kkhong cch l s, ngi ta t mt ngun pht m vi tn s

khng i f0 = 600 Hz. Cho xe chy nhanh dn u vi gia tc a = 3 m/s2 hng li gn ngi quan st.
:D

ch y nhan
nha
v tr ngi quan st ngii taa
tt m
mt my thu m. Tn s m thu c theo thi gian t k t thi im
xe bt u chuyn ng (chnn lm mc
ch m thi gian ng vi t = 0) c cho trong bng sau:
m

t (s) 3 6 9 12 15
fro

f (Hz) 6608 626 645 666 690

1. Gi thit trong thi gian truyn m t xe n ngi quan st, vn tc ca xe thay i khng ng
k. Cn c vo bng s liu thu c trn hy xc nh vn tc truyn m va.
2. Khng b qua s thay i vn tc ca xe trong thi gian truyn m t xe n ngi quan st, cn
c vo bng s liu thu c trn, hy xc nh vn tc truyn m va v khong cch s ban u.

------------------- HT -------------------
B GIO DC V O TO K THI CHN HC SINH GII QUC GIA THPT
THI CHNH THC NM 2012
Mn: VT L
Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao )
Ngy thi th hai: 12/01/2012
( thi c 02 trang, gm 05 cu)

Cu 1. (4,5 im)
Cho mt vnh tr mng u, ng cht, bn knh R v c khi lng M.
Trong lng vnh tr c gn c nh A mt qu cu nh (bn knh rt nh so
vi R), khi lng m. Bit A nm trong mt phng m mt phng ny vung gc C
vi trc v i qua khi tm C ca vnh tr. Ngi ta t vnh tr trn mt phng
nm ngang. Bit gia tc ri t do l g.
A D0
1. Gi thit khng c ma st gia vnh tr v mt phng. y vnh tr r sao

ET
cho AC nghing mt gc D0 (D0 < 90 ) so vi phng thng ng ri bung rra
0

cho h chuyn ng vi vn tc ban u bng 0 (Hnh 1a). Hnh 1a

I.N
a) Tnh ng nng cc i ca h.
b) Vit phng trnh qu o ca A trong h quy chiu gnTL vvi
n v t t.
i m
mt
m
c) Xc nh tc gc ca bn knh AC khi AC lch gc D ((D < D0) so vi
phng thng ng.
VA

&
2. Gi thit c ma st gia vnh v mt nm ngang. ang.
ng. Khi vnh
v ang ng yn C v0
trn mt nm ngang, tc dng mt xung lc trong g th
th i gian
thi gia rt ngn ln vnh sao
C

cho trc ca vnh c vn tc v0 theo phng ngang (Hnh (H

( 1b). Bit sau vnh
O

ln khng trt. B qua ma st ln. Gi E l gc hp h bi AC v phng thng

h
H

ng. Tnh vn tc khi tm C ca vnh h theo E vv tm iu kin v v0 trong A

AY

qu trnh chuyn ng vnh khng b nh nhy ln

nhy ln. Hnh 1b
Cu 2. (4,0 im)
:D

Mt qu cu c th tch V khnkhng i t trong khng kh gn st mt t, ni c p sut p0, nhit

g
kh i v khng kh l kh l tng.
T0. Coi gia tc trng trngg l g khng
m

1. Cho khi lng mol ca kkhng kh l P.

ol ca
c
fro

a) Tnh lc y Acsimet cca khng kh tc dng ln qu cu.

b) Khi a qu cu ln cao, tm quy lut bin i ca lc y ni trn theo cao z so vi mt t
u l
nu nhit kh quyn cao z l T = T0 az vi a l mt hng s dng.
2. Gi qu cu mt v tr c nh. Nu m ca khng kh tng thm 10%, p sut v nhit
ca khng kh m trong vng t qu cu khng i th lc y Acsimet tc dng ln qu cu tng hay
gim mt lng bng bao nhiu? Bit khi lng ring ca hi nc bo ha nhit cho l D,
khi lng mol ca khng kh kh l Pkk = 29 g/mol v ca hi nc l Phn = 18 g/mol.
Cu 3. (4,0 im)
L, R1 R3
Cho mch in c s nh Hnh 2. Ngun in c sut in M
ng [, in tr trong khng ng k, cun dy c in tr R1,
t cm L. Cho R1 = R2 = R. Gi gi tr ca cc bin tr l R3.
R2
1. ng kha K. Tnh cng dng in qua cun dy v
qua R2 thi im ngay sau khi K ng v khi dng in chy qua A R1 R3
B
cc phn t trong mch n nh. N
2. Thay i R3 ri sau ng K, khi cc dng in chy qua [ K
cc on mch c cng n nh th ngt kha K.

Hnh 2
 a) Chn thi im t = 0 lc ngt K. Tm biu thc cng dng in chy qua cun dy theo thi
gian t.
b) Tm gi tr ca R3 sao cho tng in lng chy qua R2 sau khi ngt K c gi tr cc i. p
dng s [ = 6 V; R = 2 :; L = 0,64 H.
Cu 4. (3,5 im)
Trong loi my nh c vt knh c nh, khong cch t vt knh n mn ghi nh l khng thay i
c v ln hn tiu c ca thu knh. nh trn mn ghi nh c coi l r nt nu nh ca mt im l
mt hnh trn c ng knh nh hn hoc bng G. Gi ng knh ng ra ca vt knh l D v tiu
c ca n l f.
1. Bit my chp c vt cch vt knh mt khong t x ti v cng. Tnh x theo D, f, G.
2. Xt mt my nh s thuc loi trn c phn gii 5,1 Megapixels, vt knh c tiu c 5,0
mm v c cng khu t i 1:28. My nh ny cho nh r nt ca nhng vt nm cch my t x2 (m)
n v cc.
Cho bit mn ghi nh ca hai my trn c cng kch thc. Mn ghi nh h l ttm phng nh c cha
rt nhiu phn t nhy sng c phn b u trn b mt. Mi phn t nh y sng
nh
nhy s gi l mt pixel

ET
(im nh). 1 Megapixels = 106 pixel. phn gii l s pixel trn mn n ghi nh.
nh
n Tnh x2 theo x1.
Cu 5. (4,0 im)

I.N
Mt cch gn ng ngi ta coi mt t l mt mt dn in n t. ggn
n ttt.
b mt Tri t c mt in trng hng xung mt tt theo ph TL phng
vung gc vi mt t.
o cng in trng E0 gn b mt Tri t, ngii ta
VA
t, ngi
ng t s dng c
cu c kh bao gm hai tm kim loi phng c ct t thnh dng
d cnh qut
ging ht nhau (Hnh 3a). Mi cnh c din tch h chim
chi m 1/8 1 vng din tch
C

to bi hai ng trn ng tm bn knh R1 v R2 (Hnh (Hn 3b). Hai tm c

O

t ng trc, tm trn c th quay khi quay trrc, t

ay trc,
tr di c gi ng
ttm
H

yn c lp vi trc quay ca tm trn v cch i in

i so vi tm trn. Trong
oi l nnh.
AY

thc t khong cch gia hai tm kim lo loi nh

Cho cc dng c sau:
:D

- C cu c kh gm hai tm kim i nh
m loi nh trn vi R1 = 8 cm v R2 = 2 cm;
- 01 m t in mt chiu, c t c quay 3000 vng/pht khi c cp in
ttc
m

p 9 V;
- 01 ngun in mt chihiu 9 V;
fro

chiu V
iin c in dung C = 0,01 PF v hp in tr c th
- Mt hp kn gm t in
t gi tr t 200 k: n 30 M: c mc song song nh Hnh 4;
- 01 dao ng k in t;
- Dy ni, h thng gi , gi treo, thit b che chn, ngt in cn thit.
1 3
Yu cu: C
1. Khi t c cu c kh trn b mt Tri t nh Hnh 3a, tm trn 2 4
ni t v c quay vi tc gc Z. Vit biu thc m t s thay i R
in tch b mt tm di theo Z v thi gian t (chn mc thi gian t = 0
l thi im tm trn che hon ton tm di). Hy a ra biu thc xc Hnh 4
nh ln in tch ln nht xut hin trn tm di.
2. V s th nghim v nu cc bc tin hnh xc nh ln in tch ln nht xut hin
trn tm di, t suy ra cng in trng gn b mt Tri t.

------------------- HT -------------------