.

- -

. /

* -:


)(
.



.

) ( .

) ( .

.

* -:
- - - - .

----------------------------------------------------

/

1
 /.

Safety measures Criteria in buildings and its impact on

architectural design
(Al-Quds Educational building at IUG as a case study)
Abstract:
Safety measures in buildings present a collection of works mainly aims at curbing
human and financial loses in case of emergency, so that it is limited to the least
affected places with minor possibility of dispersal. The safety measures are
completely influenced by building designer, as he can increase the efficiency of
these measures, which leads to the increase of the building's function as a whole.
It is obvious that fire fighting is one of the main topics related to safety measures in
buildings. This should have the designer attention as it concerns human lives and
properties. This piece of information should be conveyed as compulsory design
criteria instead of being general concepts which the designer may not follow.
This study aims to investigate these measures and its impact on architectural
design. The author takes one of the Islamic University of Gaza (IUG) educational
buildings as a case study (Al-Quds Building). The paper concluded several
recommendations to be followed by architects during the designing process, which
lead to successful implantation of these measures.
-:*




.



.
):
.(

.

2
 . /

* -:





:
.
.
.

* -:

-:
.
.
) (.

.

* :





.

3
 . /

/1 -:




.

1/1 -:

.
:
)(
)(1
] -[6 ).(1

2/1 -:

] :[11
: ) - .(..
: ) -
- .(..
: ) - .(..

-:
.
.
.

4
 . /

3/1 ) (-:

-:

/ :

.

/ :

-:
.

.

.
/ :
-:
.
.

5
 . /

4/1 Classification Of Fire :

) (1
-:

:
Class (A) Fires

. ) ( :
) (

:
: Class (B) Fires

. ) (
:
: Class (C) Fires

)
. ( .
:
. Class (D) Fires

.


.
:
.
.


.
) - (1
)(

6
 . /

/2 :



.

-:

] -:[9
Fire prevention :
.
Fire protection :
.
Fire Fighting :
)(.

):-(2
:
.
:
.
:
.

7
 . /

) (

)(

) -(2
)(

1/2 / -:

) ...(
"
"] .[9

] -:[9
- : .
- : .

8
 . /

-:


) (-:

(1 .
(2 .
(3 )
( .
(4
.
(5 .
(6 .
2/2 / -:

.

-:

-:

) (400
(1 )(

) (Zones
) (400
] -[12 ).(3

)( ) -(3 )(

9
 . /

(2 .
(3
) (.
(4 )
( ) (Fire stops
.

3/2 / ) (-:

)( .

-:
)(.
.

/ )(:

.

-:
Detectors (1 -:

- )-:(4

).(Flame Detectors
).(Smoke Detectors
).(Heat Detectors
).(Gas Detectors
) - (4

10
 . /

] -:[6
.
.

).(False Alarm
(2 Main control panel :


.
(3 ) (Audible Warning Devices :

) (Sirens ).(Alarm
(4 :


.

/ :


) (.
Manual Break (5 :
)( )
(

.

11
 . /

:


)(
] .[6

-:

-:
(1
.
(2
.
(3
) ( .
(4
) (Zones .

4/2 / :
)(
-:
.. :
). (Sprinkler System
). (Nozzle systems
.. ) ( :
) ( .
) ( .

12
 . /

-:
] -:[6
(1 ) (.
(2 2 10.
(3 .
(4 ) (Risers

.
(5 :
)( ) (.
)( ) (.

/ )( ) (-:





)( - ).-(5

)(5

13
 . /

/ )( ) (-:
* -:





) -(6
) ( - ).-(6
* -:





) - ( 7 - ).(7
) (

-:

- -:
(1
.
- -:
(2 .
(3 )25(
.

14
 . /

5/2 / )(-:


] - [4 )-:(8
) :(A

.
) :(B

.
) :(C
.
) :(D

.

) - (8 ) ( -

-:

)(-:

/ ) (-:

-:
(1 )1.80(.
(2 .
(3 ) (
.

15
 . /

(4 ) (.
(5 .
(6
) (Dead End )6.0(



.
) - (9
) (-

-:
) (-:
( -:

-:
(1 ) ( .
(2 .
(3
.
(4 .
(5 .
(6 .
(7 .
(8 : )1.0( )0.25(
)0.19( )0.85(] .[13

16
 . /

( -:

-:

(1 - ).-(10
(2 :
) (.
(3
.
(4 .
(5 .

/ -:
-:
(1 :

)0.56( )1.0(.
(2 :

) (Travel Distance
)(45

- ).-(10

) -(10
(3 :

.

17
 . /

(4 -:

.
(5 :


.

6/2 / -:
)(
:

(1
.
(2
) 6.0(
.
(3
.
(4 ) (
.
(5

.

18
 . /

/3 -:
1/3 :

) (2000
) (



.

2/3 :
- ).-(11
- )1500 5 x 2( 7500 .
- .
- ) (9

.
-

250.

)(11

19
 . /

2/3 :

) ( ) (

) -(12

20
 . /

) - (13 )(

3/3 ) (:


- ):-(14

3 2 1

) -(14

21
 . /

/ : :
- : )-(15
(1 ) (A-B-C) (Zones
)( ) (Fire Rated Walls
)(
.
(2 ) (Fire Rated Doors
.
(3 ) (
) ( .

Zone A Zone B Zone C

)(15
-

22
 . /

/ : :
- : )-(16
(1 ) ( :
) (.
) ( ) (.
) ( ) (.
(2 :
) ( .
) ( .

)(16 :
-

23
 . /

/ : :
- )-(17 :



:
) . ( .
)( :

) - .( -
)
- .( -

:
)(17
-

24
 . /

/ :
) (18 :
:
- ) (.
- ) (.
:
:
.
:
) (:
- : ) (.
- : ) (.

) - (18 )(

25
 . /

/4 Results & Recommendations -:

.

-:

/ :

:
(1

.
(2
.
(3 :
.
.
.
) (.
) (.

26
 . /

/ :

:
(1 .
(2 .
(3 .
(4
.
(5 .
(6

.
(7 .

/ :

:
(1
.
(2
) 6.0(
.
(3
.
(4 ) (
.

27
 . /

/5 References -:

(1 1997 " " -

.
(2 . 2005 " - " -
- -.
(3 2000 " " .
(4 1997 "
" -.
(5 1997 " " -
- -.
(6 2005 " " -.
(7 . 1998 " " - - -.
(8 . 1999 " " -
- - .
(9 1995 " " -
- - -.
(10 . 2005 " " - - -.
(11 2003 " "
- - / / -.
(12 / 2005 "
" - -.
(13 / 1985 "
" - -
.

14) Ladwing, T, H ( 1991 ). Industrial Fire Prevention And protection, I

deition. Van Nostrand rinhold ringold New yourk.
15) Taylor, J. and cooke G. (1978) the fire precautions Act in Practice first
edition, GB

28