MODULE 1

STEAM POWER:
PLANT LAYOUT,
SITE SELECTION
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Thermal Power Plant

A Thermal Power station using water as working fluid, works basically on

the Rankine cycle.

Steam is Generated in a boiler, expanded in the Prime mover and

condensed in condenser and fed into the boiler again with the help of
Pump.

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Site Selection for Thermal Power plant
Availability of raw material 500 MW requires 5000 6000 tones of
coal/day
Availability of land - 3 acres / MW
Nature of land to with stand dead load minimum bearing capacity
should be 1000 kN/m
Cost of land away from city
Availability of water makeup water condenser ash disposal
Transport facilities railway line or road line to transfer coal bringing
heavy machinery for employees access

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Thermal Power Plant

General Layout of thermal power plant:

Coal and Ash circuit

Air and Gas circuit

Feed water and Steam circuit

Cooling water circuit

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Thermal Power Plant Layout

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Advantages

The fuel used is quite cheap.

Less initial cost as compared to other generating plants.
It can be installed at any place irrespective of the existence of coal.
The coal can be transported to the site of the plant by rail or road.
It require less space as compared to Hydro power plants.
Cost of generation is less than that of diesel power plants.

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Disadvantages
It pollutes the atmosphere due to production of large amount of smoke
and fumes.
It is costlier in running cost as compared to Hydro electric plants.
Ash disposal facilities a 500 MW plant requires 10 hectares area to a
height of 7 m to dump ash in a year
Availability of labour from the construction onwards cheap labour are
needed
Load centre near to load centre
Public problems to avoid nuisance from smoke, fly ash and heat
discharge, should be located far from towns
Future extension should allow for extension of power plant with the
estimated growth load.