Static active pressure Dynamic active pressure

( )
1 2
PA = .H . 1 - k v .kae
E
2

1 2
PA = .H .ka
0.6H
2

H = Height of the Retaining Wall, m = 4.63 m

= Soil Density, kN/m3 = 18 kN/m3

= Angle of Friction of Soil = 33

= Angle of Friction Between Soil and Abutment = 16.5

i = Backfil Slope Angle = 0 (Level Backfill) = 0

= Slope of Soil Face = 0 (Vertical Rear Face of Stem) = 0

= Seismic Angle of Friction of Soil = 21.83

A = Acceleration Coefficient = 0.27

k
= arctan h = 21.83
1 k v

k h = Horizontal Acceleration Coefficient

k h = 1.5A = 0.4

k v = Vertical Acceleration Coefficient

0.3k h < k v < 0.5k h

0.3k h < 0 < 0.5k h

Check horizontal acceleration coefficient (AASHTO C6.3.2 I-A):

k h (1 k v ) tan( 1)

0.401 < 0.625 Ok

 COULOMB EARTH PRESSURE THEORY

I. Static Active Earth Pressure

1
PA = H2 KA = 51.53 kN/m
2

Static Active Pressure Coefficient

cos 2 ( )
KA = = 0.27
cos 2 cos( + )

2
sin( + ) sin( i) = 2.75
= 1 +
cos( + ) cos(i )

MONONOBE-OKABE THEORY

II. Dynamic Active Earth Pressure (Mononobe - Okabe Theory)

1
PA E = H 2 (1 - k v ) kae = ### kN/m AASHTO C6.3.3 I-A
2

Dynamic Active Pressure Coefficient

cos( )
K AE = = 0.61
cos cos 2 cos( + + )

2
sin( + ) sin( i)
= 1 + = 2.05
cos( + + ) cos(i )

III. Equivalent Pressure

H
PA + [ ( PAE PA ) 0.60H ]
F' T = 3
= 3.3
H
PA
3

Equivalent Pressure

PA E = F'T PA = ### kN/m