Hydraulic Cal WM

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
CALCULATION
FIRE MAIN PIPE: BURIED
PROJECT REFERENCE
PORT SAID TUNNELS
PST-RO14-SA-MFF-EDDT-38300-01B
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
Code of Good Practice
Enviromental Conditions
Design Temperature
Design Temperature
Assembly conditions 25.0 C Source: Estimated Value
Min. working temperature 9.80 C
Max. working temperature1 110 C
Max. Temp. Inside Tunnel 45.0 C Source: Design Project Value
Increasing due to Direct Radiation 65.0 C Source: Estimated Value
1)
According to the maximum temperature of the joining method.
Fluid Properties
Density @ 25C & 17.9 bar 997.8 kg/m3 Source: Thermodynamic Properties of Hum
Density @ 45C & 17.9 bar 951.7 kg/m 3
Density @ 110C & 17.9 bar 947.9 kg/m3

Increase in Volume @ 25C to 45C 4.84%
Bulk Modulus 2.2E+09 Pa
Miscellaneous
Earth-surface Gravitational Accele. 9.81 m/s
2
Source: World Meteorological Organization
Pipe
Material
Hot-Dipped Galvanized Steel A 53 Grade B Source: American Society for Testing Mater
Properties
Standard Specification B 36.10 Source: American National Standards Instit
Coeff. Linear Thermal Expansion For seamless and welded tubes of non-alloy
@ 20-100C 0.01250 mm/mK
@ 20-200C 0.01300 mm/mK
Yield Strength 240 MPa
Ultimate Tensile Strength @ < 200 C 415 MPa Source: Product Data Sheet
Factor of Safety 4 Source: ASME 31.1
Maximum Allowable Stress @ 110C 104 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity (Young's Modulus) For seamless and welded tubes of non-alloy
@ 20 C 210 GPa
@ 110 C 204 GPa
@ 300 C 192 GPa
Coefficient of Friction
Carbon Steel to Carbon Steel 0.3 Source: Code of Good Practice derived from
Size
1 of 104
Nominal Pipe Size 6 8"
Outside pipe diameter 168.3 219.1 mm
Pipe wall thickness
Sch 40 40
7.11 8.18 mm
Inside pipe diameter 154.08 202.74 mm
Weight
Empty 28.69 42.49 kg/m
Water Volume 18.65 32.28 L/m
Laden 47.34 75.48 kg/m
Soil
In accordance with the excavation campaign in the area, in general terms, the soil types are (in accordance with Unified Soil Classification S
- Up to approx. 45 m of depth, the soil type is: CH (Fat Clay).
- In the excavation works have not appeared rocks.
Therefore, in accordance with the Table A.10.8.2.(c) of NFPA 24, it has been taken: Soft Clay.
Therefore, in accordance with the Table A.10.8.2.(c) of NFPA 24 the horizontal bearing strength (Sb) is: 47.9
THERMAL EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

Expansion and contraction can be calculated mathematically using the formula:
Where
Length of the pipe L m
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion CExp mm/mK

Diffence between Max. Working Temp. and Assemby Temp. T K
Safety Factor 1.00
SECTIONS
Out-WShaft WShaft-CP1 CP1-CP2 CP2-CP3 CP3-CP4 CP4-CP5
Pipe length m 519 418 357 357 520 426

Lineal Expan. @ From 25C to 45C mm 130 105 89 89 130 107
Lineal Contrac. @ From 25C to 9,8C mm 99 79 68 68 99 81
1)
Due to Cross Passage # 1 and # 6 are the longest.
2 of 104
FORCES
SECTIONS
Main NT Branch Main ST Branch
FPR Left B. Right B. FPR Left B. Right B.
Pipe length m 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00
NPS " 8 6 6 8 6 6
Max. Pressure along section bar 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00
Bearing Thrust Block
Main NT Branch Main ST Branch

FPR Left B. Right B. FPR Left B. Right B.
Horizontal Bend 90.00 90
Thurst kN 53.32
Block dimmensions
Trench depth (Ht) m 1.00
Block Area1 m2 1.67
Block Height2 (h) m 0.67
Width3 (b) m 1.11

Depth 4
m 0.55
Block Volume5 (Vg) m3 16.66
Safety Factor (Sf)
6
1.50
Density concrete kg/m3 2400
1)Block area should be in accordande with section A.10.8.2 of NFPA 24.
2)Block height should be equal to or less than one half the total depth to the bottom of the block, but not less than the pipe diameter.
3)Block width shoud be in accordance with section A.10.8.2 of NFPA 24.
4)Block height should be chosen such that the calculated block width is between one & two times the height.
5)Block volume should be i accordance with A.10.8.2 of NFPA 24.
6)According to section A.10.8.2 of NFPA 24, the safety factor (1.5) for thrust block design.
Check for Applicability
Height1
Width
Depth
3 of 104
Thrust Force
Force due to the thrust force, it is calculated as follows:
and
SECTIONS
Change of direction 0 0 0 0 0 0
Safety Factor 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
Force kN 63.0 66.5 74.5 78.9 79.4 79.4
1)
Due to Cross Passage # 4 is located at the greatest hydrostatic pressure point.
2)
For the Cross Passages, the pipe will be NPS 6".
SECTIONS
13.92 14.70 16.46 17.44 17.54 17.54

90 90 90 90 90 90
1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
89.0 94.1 105.3 111.6 112.2 112.2
SECTIONS
13.92 14.70 16.46 17.44 17.54 17.54

45 45 45 45 45 45
1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
48.2 50.9 57.0 60.4 60.7 60.7
Thermal Expansion Force

Force due to the thermal expansion of the pipe.
Thermal Expansion @ 45C SECTIONS

Expansion Stress kPa 52500 52500 52500 52500 52500 52500
Safety Factor 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33
Force kN 2254 2254 2254 2254 2254 2254


Safety Factor 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33
Force kN 9689 9689 9689 9689 9689 9689

Conditions below are checked to ensure that the calculations performed above are applicable to the thermal expansion range.
@ 45C
4 of 104
Expansion Stress (52 MPa) < Maximum Allowable Stress (103 MPa); therefore: Acceptable
@ 110C
Expansion Stress (225 MPa) > Maximum Allowable Stress (103 MPa); therefore: Unacceptable
It is necessary to include an expansion system (i.e.: expansion joints, bellows, etc.) to reduce the Expansion Stress figur
Friction Force
Force due to the friction between the pipe and the support, it is calculated as follows:
Quantity Weight NPS 6" NPS 8"

Pipe Length (Delivery Lenght) m 6.0 Pipe N 2785 4441
Insulation Length m 0.0 Insulation N 0 0
Shut Off Valves Ud 1 Shut Off Valves N 182 235
Couplings Ud 4 Couplings N 212 369
Anchors Ud 1 Per Anchor N 3179 5045
Expansion Joint Force

Force due to the bellow spring to its compression, it is calculated as follows:
For axial expansion joints: For hinged expans
NPS 6" NPS 8"

Linear Deflection 1 mm 40.0 47.0 Angular Defle
Linear Spring Rate1 N/mm 343 314 Angular Spring
Force kN 13.7 14.7 Length of pipe between bellows c
1)
Values according to Equipment Data Sheet. 2)
Values according to
5 of 104
Centrifugal Force
Force due to the change of direction of the fluid. The centrifugal force can be calculated mathematically using the formula:
Change of Direction 90
Water Density kg/m 3
947.9
NPS 6" NPS 8"
Velocity m/s 2.54 1.47
Pipe Area m 2
0.019 0.032
Force kN 0.114 0.066
Main Force (with Expansion Joints)

Force due to addition of: Thrust + Horizontal Friction + Expansion Joints + Centrifugal Forces
SECTIONS
Main Force kN 93 96 104 109 109 109
JOINING METHOD
Method
Joining Method Grooved End
Coupling
Class Flexible Class
Groove Type Cut Grooved Groove Type
Brand Victaulic Brand
Type St 77 Type
Coupling Gasket EPDM Grade E Coupling Gasket
Coupling Characteristics
NPS 6" NPS 8"

Max. Work Pressure kPa 6900 5500
Max. Allowable Pipe End Separation mm 6.40 6.40
Max. Deflection 1.00 0.08
Max. End Load kN 153.4 208.0
Weight kg 5.40 9.40
No. of Couplings Required (for both tunnels)
SECTIONS
Couplings NPS 3" (approx.) Ud 0 0 0 0 0 0

PIPE COUPLINGS
Pipe Alignment Couplings Spacing

Max. Distance between Couplings
6 of 104
L
7 of 104
PIPE SUPPORTS
Supports Spacing
Support Spacing for Steel Pipe
Modulus of Elasticity N/m2 9.5E+11

Allowable midppoint deflection m 0.003 Source: ASME 31.1
NPS 6" NPS 8"
Moment Inertia m 4
1.2E-05 3.0E-05
Weight (pipe+fluid) kN/m 0.464 0.740
Unsupported span length m 46.48 52.40
To prevent excessive pipe deflection due to the weight of pipe and fluid, support the horizontal pipe at intervals determined by the couplin
Vibratory Motion
The natural frecuency of pipe can be calculated using the formula:

Alpha 0.743 For fundamental frecuency (1st harmonic)
2.97 For 2nd harmonic
NPS 6" NPS 8"
Moment Inertia m4 1.2E-05 3.0E-05
Weight (pipe+fluid) kN/m 0.464 0.740
Lenght of pipe m 46.48 52.40
Natural Frecuency Hz 0.78 0.78
Fatigue failure due to vibration induced bending takes place most often at frecuency below about 4 Hz. Therefore the support spacing will b
Flexible Coupling1
Maximum Span between supports @ NPS 4" 3.00 m
1)
According to Victaulic Technical Specification.
Rigid Coupling2
2)
According to Victaulic Technical Specification and American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) B 31.1.
Then:
Qty. of Supports Required (for both tunnels)
SECTIONS
Flexible Coupling (approx). Ud 282 226 194 194 282 232
Rigid Coupling (approx.) Ud 180 146 124 124 180 148
Off Set
The lenght of pipe to requied to bend can be calculated using the formula:
8 of 104
NPS 6" NPS 8"
Pipe Nominal Diameter mm 150 200
Expansion mm 22 22
Lenght m 5.76 6.65
The force requied to bend this length can be calculated using the formula: The stress developed in the be
NPS 6" NPS 8"

Moment Inertia cm 4
1.2E+03 3.0E+03 Pipe Nominal Diameter
Expansion mm 22 22 Expansion
Lenght m 5.76 6.65 Lenght
Force kN 3256 5449 Stress

Stress (60 MPa) < Maximum Allowable Stress (103 MPa); therefore: Acceptable
It is necessary to include an expansion system (expansion joint, bellows, etc.) to reduce the Expansion Stress.
PIPE ALINGMENT GUIDE SPACING

Pipe Guides used with Unrestrained Expansion Joints
Primary Guides
Max. Distance between Primary Guides
Anchor to 1st to 2nd
1st Guide Guide
For NPS 6" mm 600 2100

For NPS 8" mm 800 2800
9 of 104
Intermediate Guides
The intermediate guide spacings can be calculated mathematically using the formula:
Guide Factor 1 When both sides are simply supported.

Modulus of Elasticity N/m 2 2.1E+11
Safety Factor 3
NPS 6" NPS 8"
Moment Inertia m 4
1.2E-05 3.0E-05
Total Buckling Force N 70027 109025
Lenght between Guides m 10.75 13.83
EXPANSION JOINTS
The number of expansion joints needed to the thermal expansion:
Class Bellow
Axial
NPS 6" NPS 8"
PN bar 40 40
Travel of the Expansion Joint 1
Expansion mm 40.0 47.0

Contraction mm 20.0 23.0
Linear Spring Rate1 N/mm 343 314

1)
Values according to Equipment Data Sheet.
SECTIONS
Expansion Joint Quantity (per bore) Ud 13 10 9 9 13 11
MISCELLANEOUS
Water Volume
SECTIONS
North Tunnel m 3
16.8 13.5 11.5 11.5 16.8 13.8
South Tunnel m 3
16.8 13.5 11.5 11.5 16.8 13.8
Total Volume
North Tunnel m3 126.1
South Tunnel m 3
126.1
Cross Passage (#1 to #6) m 3
4.85
Shaft (both Portals) m 3
2.45
Basement (both Portals) m3 1.29
Total m3 261
Pipe Weight
SECTIONS
Pipe Empty Out-WShaft WShaft-CP1 CP1-CP2 CP2-CP3 CP3-CP4 CP4-CP5
North Tunnel kg 22,052 17,761 15,169 15,169 22,095 18,101
10 of 104
South Tunnel kg 22,052 17,761 15,169 15,169 22,095 18,101
Pipe Laden
North Tunnel kg 39,175 31,552 26,947 26,947 39,251 32,156
South Tunnel kg 39,175 31,552 26,947 26,947 39,251 32,156
Total Weigth Empty Laden

North Tunnel kg 166,008 294,911
South Tunnel kg 166,008 294,911
Cross Passage (#1 to #6) kg 7,459 12,307
Shaft (both Portals) kg 5,737 6,039
Basement (both Portals) kg 3,019 3,019
Total kg 348,232 611,186
CHECK FOR APPLICABILITY

Work Pressure of the Coupling
Checking the fulfilment of coupling performance:
NPS 6" NPS 8"
Maximum Pressure bar 17.5 17.5
Then:
For NPS 6" 17,5 bar < 69 bar, therefore: Acceptable
For NPS 8" 17,5 bar < 55 bar, therefore: Acceptable
Thermal Expansion of the Coupling (into the groove)

Specific Thermal Expansion 1.105 mm/m
Max. Delivery Lenght 6.0 m
NPS 6" NPS 8"

Max. Thermal Expan. (per Lenght) mm 6.63 6.63
Then:
For NPS 6" 6,63 mm > 4,1 mm, therefore: Unacceptable
For NPS 8" 6,63 mm > 4,8 mm, therefore: Unacceptable
Because the coupling is not enough to absorb the thermal expansion, it is necessary to include an expansion system (i.e.
11 of 104
Maximum Temperature of the Coupling
Max. Thermal Expansion (per m) 0.800 mm/m
Max. Rate of Temperature 1

89.0 C
1)
In accordance with the temperature range of the gasket: 34C to +110C.
End Load of the Coupling

NPS 6" NPS 8"
Max. Thrust Force @ 110 C kN 70 109
In spite of the increase of temperature, has not been taken into account the increase of pressure inside the pipe section; due to the h
for both sides of one pipe section.
Then:
For rigid couplings @ 110 C
For NPS 6" 70 kN < 107 kN, therefore: Acceptable
For NPS 8" 109 kN < 155 kN, therefore: Acceptable
Travel of the Expansion Joint

Checking the fulfilment of expansion joint performance:
SECTIONS
Expansion Joint Qty. Ud 13 10 9 9 13 11

Expansion Lenght @ up to 110 C mm 573 462 394 394 575 471
Contraction Lenght @ up to 9,8 C mm 99 79 68 68 99 81
Maximum Travel of whole Expansion System
@ Expansion mm 611 470 423 423 611 517
@ Contraction mm 299 230 207 207 299 253
@ Expansion, hence: Acceptable
@ Contraction, hence: Acceptable
12 of 104
OTECTION SYSTEM REVISION DATE AUTHOR REVIEWED APPROVED
ALCULATION A 2016/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
B 2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
AIN PIPE: BURIED
C
D
A-MFF-EDDT-38300-01B STATUS Issued For Approval
Source: Thermodynamic Properties of Humid Air, Steam, Water and Ice by ASHRAE
Source: American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)
Source: American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

For seamless and welded tubes of non-alloy steel
Source: Code of Good Practice derived from ASME papers.
13 of 104
accordance with Unified Soil Classification System):
kN/m2
CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP 1&61 Shaft Basement
446 399 465 50 19 20

112 100 116 13 5 5
493 441 514 55 21 22
85 76 88 10 4 4
14 of 104
15 of 104
CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP41 2 Shaft Basement
16.37 14.90 13.62 17.54 13.92 11.86

0 0 0 0 0 0
1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
74.0 67.4 61.6 46.8 63.0 53.6
CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP4 Shaft Basement
16.37 14.90 13.62 17.54 13.92 11.86

90 90 90 90 90 90
1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
104.7 95.3 87.2 66.2 89.0 75.9
16.37 14.90 13.62 17.54 13.92 11.86

45 45 45 45 45 45
1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
56.7 51.6 47.2 35.8 48.2 41.1
52500 52500 52500 52500 52500 52500

1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33
2254 2254 2254 1302 2254 2254
225660 225660 225660 225660 225660 225660

1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33
9689 9689 9689 5596 9689 9689
16 of 104
s, etc.) to reduce the Expansion Stress figures.
Force per Anchor NPS 6" NPS 8"

For Horizontal Pipe kN 9.35 14.84
For Vertical Pipe kN 0.25 0.04
For hinged expansion joints:
NPS 6" NPS 8"

Angular Deflection 2
0.0 0.0
Angular Spring Rate2 Nm/ 0.0 0.0
Length of pipe between bellows centres m 1.0 1.0
Force kN 0.00 0.00
2)
17 of 104
104 97 91 70 93 83
Rigid
Groove Type Cut Grooved
Victaulic
St 07
Coupling Gasket EPDM Grade E
NPS 6" NPS 8"

4825 4130
4.10 4.80
0.00 0.00
107.4 155.8
3.80 6.80
CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP's Shafts Basements
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 60 0 0
150 134 156 0 8 8
18 of 104
NPS 8"
Couplings Flexible
Lenght Pipe 20 m
Thermal Expan. 21.25 mm
Max. Deflection1 0.083
Span. between Coup. 14.61 m
1)
According to equipment Data Sheet
19 of 104
pipe at intervals determined by the coupling manufacturer:
For fundamental frecuency (1st harmonic)
ut 4 Hz. Therefore the support spacing will be reduce to avoind the piping vibration.

242 216 252 84 24 12
154 138 162 72 16 8
20 of 104
The stress developed in the bending pipe:
NPS 6" NPS 8"

mm 150 200
mm 22 22
m 5.76 6.65
MPa 60 60
21 of 104
11 10 11 2 1 1
CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP (1 to 6) Shaft Basement
14.4 12.9 15.0 4.85 0.61 0.65

14.4 12.9 15.0 0.61 0.65
18,951 16,954 19,758 7,459 807 850
22 of 104
18,951 16,954 19,758 807 850
33,665 30,118 35,099 12,307 1,434 1,510

33,665 30,118 35,099 1,434 1,510
cessary to include an expansion system (i.e.: expansion joints, bellows, etc.)
23 of 104
of pressure inside the pipe section; due to the high value of Bulk Modulus and the water volumen expansion
11 10 11 2 1 1
493 441 514 55 21 22
112 100 116 13 5 5
85 76 88 10 4 4
517 470 517 80 47 47

253 230 253 40 23 23
24 of 104
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM REVISION
CALCULATION A
B
REQUIRED WATER SUPPLY
C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
PST-RO14-SA-MFF-EDDT-38300-01B STATUS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
NFPA 502 Standard for Road Tunnels, Bridges, and Other Limited Access Highways
NFPA 14 Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems
System Class
According to NFPA 14 Class I
REQUIRED WATER SUPPLY

Demand
Capable of supplying the system demand for a minimum:
NFPA 502 60 min
NFPA 14 30 min
Flow
According to NFPA 502
Minimum flow rate for Class I (according to 10.1.1):
Number of hydrants 2 Ud
Min. Flow per hydrant 946 L/min
Flow Rate 1,893 L/min
Minimum flow rate for the hydraulically most remote standpipe:
Number of hydrants 2 Ud
Where a horizontal standpipe on a Class I (according to 7.10.1.2.2):
Number of hydrants 3
Pressure
Main Pipe Max. Pressure 20.14 bar
Hose Connection Min. Pressure 6.90 bar
Hose Connection Max. Pressure 12.10 bar
REQUIRED WATER SUPPLY 25 of 104

DATE AUTHOR REVIEWED APPROVED
2016/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
oad Tunnels, Bridges, and Other Limited Access Highways
REQUIRED WATER SUPPLY 26 of 104

CALCULATION A
B
FIRE WATER STORAGE TANK
C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
NFPA 502 Standard for Road Tunnels, Bridges, and Other Limited Access Highways
Water supply requirement
For Class I system, the minimum flow rate for the hydraulically most remote standpipe shall be:
Flow rate per Fire Hose Connection 946 L/min
Number FHC 2
Water supply requirement (according to 10.2.1 of NFPA 502)
Minimum supply requirement 60 min
For Class I system, the minimum flow rate for the hydraulically most remote standpipe shall be:
Flow rate per Fire Hose Connection 946 L/min
Number FHC 3
Water supply requirement (according to 9.2 of NFPA 14)
Minimum supply requirement 30 min
Fluid
Fluid Freshwater
Properties
Electrical conductivity @ 25C <300 S/cm Source: Estimated Value
Design temperature
Max. Design Temperature 45.2 C
Max. Shadow Temperature 32.2 C Source: Design Project Value
Increasing due Direct Radiation 13.0 C Source: Estimated Value
System Fill Temperature 14.8 C
Min. Shadow Temperature 9.80 C Source: Design Projet Value
Increasing due Buried Pipeline 5.00 C Source: Estimated Value
*) As assumption: the water supply pipeline will be buried at 1 m.
WATER SUPPLY
Capacity
Minimum Volume
@ 60 min 114 m3
@ 30 min 85 m3
According to NFPA 502 + NFPA 14
@ 60 min 170 m3
FIRE WATER STORAGE TANK 27 of 104

As criteria: taken whichever is higher; therefore the Minimum Volume: 171 m3
Additional loads of water
Cooling Water System Fire Pump Engine
Flow 151 L/min
Flow @ 60 min 9.06 m3
Tank Capacity
Water Thermal Expansion
Net Water Volume 179.5 m3
Temp. Max. Design - Temp. System Fill Water 30.4 C
Net Expansion Factor 0.0099 Source: Smithsonian Tables for Relativ
Expanded Volume 1,777 L
Total Tank Capacity
Water Net Volume 181.2 m3
Height for High Level Alarm 0.15 m
Height for Low Level Alarm 0.20 m
Water Expansion height 0.05 m
Sump height 0.25 m
Heigh for minimum pressure 0.00 m Min. water level allowed, according to
Net Capacity 205.2 m 3
Dimensions (inner)
Diameter (inner) 6.86 m
Height (inner) 7.19 m
Freeboard 1.60 m
Gross Capacity 265.6 m3

Capable of supplying the system demand:
# FHC Flow Rate Water Supply

Ud. L/min min
1 946 180
2 1,893 90
3 2,840 60
According to NFPA 502 + NFPA 14, 60 min > 30 min; hence: Acceptable
FILLING TIME
According to the section 14.4.4 of NFPA 22, the maximum time to fill the water tank shall be 8 h.
With public network1: water tank located in the East side

Water tank volume 205.2 m3
Time to fill 8h
Minimum flow rate 26 m3/h
0.01 m3/s
The mean to fill the tank will be sized using the formula:
Where:
Minimum velocity 1.20 m/s
Pipe area 5937 mm2
Inside pipe diameter 86.94 mm
1
The connection to the public network will be provided by others.
With filling pump: water tank located in the West side

Pump flow rate 2840 L/min
0.05 m3/s
Pipe size 8"
The size of the filling pipe is 8 in > 2 in, according to NFPA 22; therefore: Acceptable

Total frictional resistance (approx.) 5.60 bar
Velocity (approx.) 1.50 m/s
Total frictional resistance will be 5,6 bar < pump pressure rate (10,1 bar); therefore: Acceptable
Then:
Filling time 72 min
The filling time will be 72 min < 8 h in accordance with NFPA 22; therefore: Acceptable

2016/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
oad Tunnels, Bridges, and Other Limited Access Highways

Source: Smithsonian Tables for Relative Density and Volume of Water
Min. water level allowed, according to section 4.15.3.2 of NFPA 20

FPA 502 + NFPA 14, 60 min > 30 min; hence: Acceptable

CALCULATION A
B
FIRE WATER PUMP
C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
NFPA 20 Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection
Design Temperature
Fluid
Min. Fluid Working Temperature 9.8 C Source: Design Project Value
Max. Fluid Working Temperature 45.2 C
Air
Min. Air Temperature 9.0 C Source: Design Project Value
Max. Air Shadow Temperature 32.2 C Source: Design Project Value
Earth-surface Gravitational Acceleration 9.81 m/s 2
Source: World Meteorological Organiza
Fluid
Fluid Freshwater
Properties
Kinematic Viscosity @ 20C & 10 bar 1.003 cSt Source: Thermodynamic Properties of H
and Ice by ASHRAE
Design values
Rated Flow 2,840 L/min Source: NFPA 14
Rated Pressure 10.10 bar
MAIN PUMP (Electrical Driver)

Duty
Flow 2,840 L/min
Head 10.10 bar
Min. Allowance Pump Proposed
Rated Flow @ 150% 4,260 4,262 L/min Acceptable
65% Pressure @ 150% Rated Flow 6.6 6.6 bar Acceptable
140% Pressure @ Shutt-off 14.1 14.1 bar Acceptable
Closed Valve Pressure 11.9 11.9 bar Acceptable
MAIN PUMP (Diesel Driver)

Duty
Flow 2,840 L/min
Pressure 10.10 bar
FIRE WATER PUMP 33 of 104

Min. Allowance Pump Proposed
Rated Flow @ 150% 4,260 4,262 L/min Acceptable
65% Pressure @ 150% Rated Flow 6.6 6.6 bar Acceptable
140% Pressure @ Shutt-off 14.1 14.1 bar Acceptable
Closed Valve Pressure 11.9 11.9 bar Acceptable

JOCKEY PUMP (Electrical Driver)
Duty
Leakage at the Joints
Amount of Leakage at the Joints
Length Qty. Number Joints Flow1

m Ud Qty. L/h
Fire Main Pipe 4100 2 1367 25.83

FHC Pipe - 142 994 18.79
Cross Passage Pipe 180 6 180 3.40
Fire Pumping Room - 2 54 1.02
Foam Suppression System - 4 80 1.51
Total 50.55
1)
The amount of leakage at the joints shall not exceed 1.89 L/h per 100 joints.
Amount of Leakage at Valves
NPS Qty. Flow2

mm Ud L/h
Fire Main Pipe 200 24 5.76

FHC Pipe 100 142 17.04
Cross Passage Pipe 150 12 2.16
Fire Pumping Room 200 20 4.80
Foam Suppression System 80 8 7.68
Total 37.44
2)
An additional 0.03 L per 25 mm valve diameter per hour (30 mL/25 mm/hr) is permitted for each metal seated valve isolating.
Amount of Leakage at the Hydrants
Qty. Flow3
Ud L/h
Technical Building @Shafts 4 0.36

3)
An additional 9 L/h leakage is permitted for each hydrant.
The amount of leakage: 88.35 L/h
1.47 L/min
Flow
Method A
The maximum amount leakage 1.47 L/min
Safety Factor 5.0
Flow 7.36 L/min
Method B
% Increased @ Rated Flow 1.0% Source: Code of Goo
Flow 28.40 L/min
As criteria: taken whichever is higher; therefore the Flow: 28,4 L/min
Pressure
Pressure Main Pump 10.10 bar
Suction supply
Maximum Static Pressure 0.50 bar Source: height of the

Minimum Static Pressure 0.00 bar
Head 10.6 bar
Flow
Max. Time for repressurized the system 10 min Source: NFPA 20
Time for repressurized the system 15.6 s
According to NFPA 20, 16 seg. < 10 min; therefore: Acceptable
Pressure
Differential Pressure Value1

bar psi bar
Jockey Pump Cut-Off 0.00 0 10.60
Jockey Pump Cut-In 0.69 10 9.91
Electric Pump Cut-Off 0.00 0 10.10
Electric Pump Cut-In 0.35 5 9.57
Diesel Pump Cut-Off 0.00 0 10.10
Diesel Pump Cut-In 0.69 10 8.88
1)
According to section A14.2.6 of NFPA 20.

2016/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
he Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection
Source: Thermodynamic Properties of Humid Air, Steam, Water,

mm/hr) is permitted for each metal seated valve isolating.
Source: Code of Good Practice
en whichever is higher; therefore the Flow: 28,4 L/min
Source: height of the Fire Water Tank

Source: NFPA 20

CALCULATION A
FIRE MAIN PIPE B
MATERIAL C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
EN-ISO 14713-1 Zinc coatings-Guidelines and recommendations for the protection against corrosi
Design Temperature
Min. Working Temperature 9.80 C Source: Design Project Value
Max. Working Temperature 45.2 C
Increasing by Direct Radiation 13.0 C Source: Estimated Value
Design Humidity
Relative Humidity Range 74..77 % Source: Design Project Value
Atmospheric Exposure
Corrositivity categoty C4 Source: EN ISO 14713
Corrosion Rate
In accordance with the Table 1 of section 7 of the EN ISO 14713, the corrosion rate for zinc will be a value (m per annum)
2,1 < foreseen corrosion per annum <= 4,2
Hence, it has been taken as corrosion rate value a figure within this gap: (4,2 + 2,1) / 2 = 3.15
Corrosion Resistance Ratio (CRR) is a ratio value used to measure the ability of a pipe to withstand corrosion. This ratio for
according to Underwriters Laboratories formula, UL Fire Protection Directory, Category VIZY:
Where:
Corrosion Resistance Ratio CRR1
Thickness of the certified pipe measured either under the first exposed thread for
threaded pipe. X mm
Thickness of Sch 40 pipe under the first exposed thread. X40 mm
1)
Usually, for Sch 40 steel pipe is used as CRR the benchmark value > 1.0.
2)
X and X40 have been obtained from section Pipe Wall Thickness, Fire Water System Hydraulic Calculations of Appendix 1.
Life to first maintenance
The average useful life years is based on regular preventive maintenance properly performed at prescribed frequencies. He
practices and common opinion in this industry the lifespan has been stated as follow:
25
Therefore, according to the section 7 of EN ISO 14713, the durability is classified as: Very High (VH)
Pipeline
Material
Steel
Alloy Carbon steel
Alloy specification ASTM A53
ASTM A106
FIRE MAIN PIPE: MATERIAL 41 of 104

Properties
Grade Type Size
ASTM A53 B S (Seamless) ANSI B 36.10
ASTM A106 B Seamless ANSI B 36.10
Protection
ASTM A53 Hot-Dipped Galvanized Steel
ASTM A106 Hot-Dipped Galvanized Steel
Thickness of the zinc coating
In accordance with the table 2 of section 7 of EN EN ISO 14713, the zinc coating should be as follow:
Lifespan3 25 year
Corrosion rate 3.15 m/year
Safety Factor 1.25
Minimum thickness of the zinc coating 98.44 m
698 g/m2
It has not been taken into account the red enamel coating (avg. 60m), which adds extra protection, increasing
3)
the live expectancy.
Max. Protection Period

Avg. Protection Period
Min. Protection Period
Source: Corr

2016/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
uidelines and recommendations for the protection against corrosion of iron and steel in structures
13, the corrosion rate for zinc will be a value (m per annum) within the following gap:
m per annum.
ure the ability of a pipe to withstand corrosion. This ratio for each size pipe has been defined
ection Directory, Category VIZY:
NPS 4"2 NPS 6"2 NPS 8"2

1.00 1.00 1.00
1.34 1.88 1.99
1.34 1.88 1.99
aintenance properly performed at prescribed frequencies. Hence, in accordance with the best
s been stated as follow:
5 years
20 years

Source: Corrosion Protection Document by ArcelorMIttal

CALCULATION A
SUCTION LINE FPR B
HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
Fluid
Fluid Freshwater
Design Temperature 45.2 C
Properties
Density @ 45,2C & 10 bar 990.6 kg/m 3
Source: Thermodynamic Properties of H
Flow and Ice by ASHRAE

Able up to 150% @ Flow Rated 150% Source: NFPA 20
Total Flow 4,262 L/min
Pipeline
Material
Hot-Dipped Galvanized Steel A 53 Grade B Source: American Society for Testing M
Properties
Standard Specification B 36.10 Source: American National Standards In
Type Seamless
Hazen-Williams Value
C 120 Source: NFPA 14
Safety Factor for C 1.20 Source: Estimated Value
C 100
Fittings: Equivalent Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Length Chart
NPS 8" Source: NFPA

45 Elbow 2.7
90 Std. Elbow 5.5
Tee* 10.7
Butterfly valve 3.7
Gate valve 1.2
Strainer 0.8
*) Only if flow turns 90
Pipeline NPS 8"

Size
Nominal Pipe Size 8" Fitting
Outside pipe diameter 219.1 mm 45 Elbow
Sch 40 90 Std. Elbow
SUCTION LINE FPR 45 of 104

Pipe wall thickness 8.18 mm Tee
Inside pipe diameter 202.7 mm Butterfly valve
Lenght Suction Line 15 m Gate valve

Strainer
FRICTION LOSSES
Pipe friction losses shall be determined on the basis of the Hazen-Williams formula, as follows:
Pipeline NPS 8"

Where:
Main Fire Pipe
Frictional resistance Pm 0.0036 bar/m
Flow Qm 4,262 L/min
Friction loss coefficient C 100
Internal diameter of pipe dm 202.7 mm
Total Frictional resistance 0.15 bar

Flow Velocity 2.20 m/s
2,2 < 4,25 m/s, hence: Acceptable
MINIMUM SUCTION PRESSURE

According to section A.4.14.3.2 of NFPA 20, the gauge pressure at the pump suction flange is allowed to drop to: - 0.2 bar.
Minimum Level Suction
Lower pressure
Lower pressure -0.20 bar
Height equivalent -2.04 m
Suction Pipe Pressure Drop
Height equivalent 1.48 m
So
Max. level below the shaft of the pump -0.56 m

2016/04/12 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
Source: NFPA 14
Qty.
0
90 Std. Elbow 2

1
Butterfly valve 0
2
1
e at the pump suction flange is allowed to drop to: - 0.2 bar.

CALCULATION A
FIRE WATER PUMP B
NET POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
Chapter 44 ASHRAE Handbook
Fluid
Fluid Freshwater
Design temperature 45.2 C
Properties
Density @ 45,2C & 1 bar 990.2 kg/m3 Source: Thermodynamic Properties of H
and Ice by ASHRAE
Vapour Pressure @ 45,2C 0.0959 bar Source: Thermodynamic Properties of H
and Ice by ASHRAE
Water tank
Type Atmospheric
Altitude above Mean Sea Level 4.50 masl Source: Project Value
Length between tank and pump 15.0 m Source: Project Value
Heightof surface of the water to the pump
0.250 m Source: Project Value
centerline
Pipe
Friction losses 0.15 bar Source: Project Value
Lower pressure allowed -0.20 bar Source: section A.4.14.3.2 of NFPA 20
Miscellaneous
Atmospheric Pressure @ Sea Level standard 1.013 bar Source: World Meteorological Organiza
Earth-surface Gravitational Acceleration 9.81 m/s2 Source: World Meteorological Organiza
Safety Factor 0.500 m Source: Estimated Value
NET POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD AVAILABLE

Is calculated by the following equation:
Where
Net Positive Suction Head Available NPSHA 5.54 m
Absolute pressure on the fluid hp
Atmospheric pressure 1.013 bar
Static suction pressure hz 0.250 mwc
Vapour pressure of the fluid hvpa 0.0959 bar
Friction losses and lower pressure allowed in the suct. pipe hf 3.567 mwc

NPSH Required NSPH Available, hence: Aceptable
NET POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD 49 of 104

2016/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
Source: section A.4.14.3.2 of NFPA 20

NET POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD 50 of 104

CALCULATION A
FIRE MAIN PIPE B
WATER HAMMER C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
Chapter 35 ASHRAE Handbook
Air
Max. Shadow Temperature inside the tunnel 32.2 C Source: Design Project Value
Fluid
Fluid Freshwater
Max. Fluid Working Temperature 45.2 C
Properties
Modulus of elasticity @ 45C 2,296 MPa Source: Bulk Elastic Properties by Geor
Density @ 45,2C & 10 bar 990.6 kg/m 3
and Ice by ASHRAE
Flow
Flow Rated 4,500 L/min Source: NFPA 14
Flow velocity 10.11 m/s
Pipe
Material
Duplex Steel EN 14462 Source: EN 1882-3
Properties
Modulus of elasticity (Young's Modulus) 208 GPa For seamless and welded tubes ofDuple
Size
Nominal Pipe Size 4"
Sch 80s
Pipe wall thickness 8.56 mm
Outside pipe diameter 114.3 mm
Pipe Length
W. Pump. R. W. Shaft
Pipe length L m 15 100
Miscellaneous
Pump downtime 10 s Source: Estimated Value
Valve downtime 3s Source: Estimated Value
WAVE PROPAGATION VELOCITY

Is calculated by the Joukowsky equation:
WATER HAMMER 51 of 104

Where:
Wave propagation velocity c 1,421 m/s
Density of the fluid @ 45,2C 990.6 kg/m3
Modulus of elasticity of the fluid EB 2.30E+09 Pa
Modulus of elasticity of the pipe wall E 2.08E+11 Pa
Outside pipe diameter d 114.3 mm
Pipe wall thickness e 8.6 mm
REFLECTION TIME OF THE PIPE
Have been taken some relevant points along the layout of the tunnel.
Where: W. Pump. R. W. Shaft
Wave propagation velocity c m/s 1,421 1,421
Reflection time Tp s 0.0 0.1

CRITICAL LENGHT
Where:
Critical Lenght Lc 3,553 m
Valve/Pump downtime1 T 5s
1)
Value estimated of sudden shut off
Criteria:
If Pipe Lenght is > Critical Lenght, therefore is a Long pipe Max. Pipe Lenght 3122 m < Critical Len
If Pipe Lenght is < Critical Lenght, therefore is a Short pipe
PRESSURE DUE OF WATER HAMMER

Long Pipe
The pressure change in a fluid caused by an instantaneous change in flow velocity, is calculated by the Allievy equation:
Where:
Change in the flow pressure H 143.6 bar
Flow velocity V 10.11 m/s
Gravity Acceleration g 9.81 m/s2
Short Pipe
The pressure change in a fluid caused by an instantaneous change in flow velocity, is calculated by the Micheaud
equation:
Where: W. Pump. R. W. Shaft
Change in the flow pressure H bar 0.61 4.02
Flow velocity V m/s 10.11 10.11
Gravity Acceleration g m/s2 9.81 9.81
Valve downtime T s 5 5
FORCE DUE OF WATER HAMMER

Thrust Force
It has been taken some relevant points along the layout of the tunnel.
W. Pump. R. W. Shaft Low Point
Hydrostatic Pressure bar 0.00 1.82 5.43
Water Hammer Pressure bar 0.61 4.02 70.80
Total Pressure bar 0.61 5.84 76.23
Then:

Thrust Force kN 0.62 6.00 78.22

2017/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
Source: Bulk Elastic Properties by Georgia State University


For seamless and welded tubes ofDuplex steel
Low Point E. Shaft E. Pump. R.

1,752 3,023 3,122

1,752 3,023 3,122
1,421 1,421 1,421
2.5 4.3 4.4

Max. Pipe Lenght 3122 m < Critical Lenght 3552 m; therefore Short Pipe

70.80 122.18 114.53
1,752 3,023 3,122
10.11 10.11 10.11
9.81 9.81 10.81
5 5 5
E. Shaft E. Pump. R.
1.85 0.00
122.18 114.53
124.02 114.53

127.26 117.51

CALCULATION A
MAIN FIRE PIPE B
HYDROPNEUMATIC TANK C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standard
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
System Fluid
Fluid Freshwater
Pressures selected for water system operation
Jockey Pump Cut-Off 10.1 bar Source: Project Value
Jockey Pump Cut-In 9.4 bar Source: Project Value
Tank Flow Rate
Pump Flow Rated 28.4 L/min Source: Project Value
MINIMUM VOLUME BLADDER TANK

This formula is published by ASME for use in sizing bladder tanks:
Minimum drawndown required
Pump flow rate 28.4 L/min
Time for repressurized the system 1.30 min
Time for repressurized the system 16 s Source: For more details refer to Jocke
Safety Factor 5.0
Cycle time (minimum pump run time) 1.30 min
Minimum drawndown required 36.9 L
Drawndown Factor
Maximum system pressure (pump cut-out) 10.1 bar
Minimum system pressure (pump cut-in) 9.4 bar
Air precharge pressure 10.1 bar

if different than minimum system pressure
Drawndown Factor 0.0662
Minimum Total Volume
Volume 558 L
Bladder Tank Proposed 750 L
That is: 750 L > 557 L; hence: Acceptable
HYDROPNEUMATIC TANK 59 of 104

2016/04/12 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
Source: For more details refer to Jockey Pump calculation
9.75 gallons
146.49 Psi
136.48 Psi
146.49 Psi
0.0662
147.34 gallons
HYDROPNEUMATIC TANK 60 of 104

CALCULATION A
FIRE MAIN PIPE B
HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
PST-RO14-SA-MFF-EDDT-38300-00A STATUS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
Fluid
Fluid Freshwater
Properties
Density @ 45,2C & 10 bar 990.6 kg/m 3
Flow and Ice by ASHRAE

Pipeline
Material
Properties
Type Seamless
Hazen-Williams Value
C 120 Source: NFPA 14
Safety Factor for C 1.20 Source: Estimated Value
C 100
Fittings: Equivalent Schedule 40 Steel Pipe Length Chart
NPS 6" NPS 8" Source: NFPA

45 Elbow 0.3 0.4
90 Std. Elbow 0.6 0.7
Tee* 1.2 1.4
Butterfly valve 0.4 0.5
Gate valve 0.1 0.2
*) Only if flow turns 90
Minimum Pipe Sizes (According to NFPA 20)

Suction 6" Able up to 150% @ Flow Rated
Discharge 6"
Option with Pipeline NPS 6"
Size
HYDRAULIC CALCULATIONS 61 of 104

Lenght Fire Pipe 3,620 m Gate valve
Lenght Suction Line 15 m

Size
Lenght Fire Pipe 3,620 m Gate valve
Lenght Suction Line 15 m

FRICTION LOSSES
Pipe friction losses shall be determined on the basis of the Hazen-Williams formula, as follows:

Where:
Main Fire Pipe Suction Line at FPR
Flow Qm 2,841 L/min

2,53 < 4,25 m/s, therefore: Acceptable 3,8 < 4,57 m/s, theref
Where:
Main Fire Pipe Suction Line at FPR
Flow Qm 2,841 L/min

1,46 < 4,25 m/s, therefore: Acceptable 2,2 < 4,57 m/s, theref

2016/04/12 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
Source: NFPA 14
Able up to 150% @ Flow Rated
Qty.
5
90 Std. Elbow 32

4
Butterfly valve 0
10
Qty.
5
90 Std. Elbow 10
8
Butterfly valve 10
2

Suction Line at FPR
0.0139 bar/m
4,262 L/min
100
154.1 mm
0.21 bar
3.81 m/s
3,8 < 4,57 m/s, therefore: Acceptable
Suction Line at FPR

0.0036 bar/m
4,262 L/min
100
202.7 mm
0.055 bar
2.20 m/s
2,2 < 4,57 m/s, therefore: Acceptable

CALCULATION A
FIRE MAIN PIPE B
PIPE WALL THICKNESS C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
ASME B31.1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers
The collapse of the pipe is beyond the pipeline analysis (e.g.: by Timoshenko or others authors).
The mechanical analysis is performed only for values higher than atmospheric pressure, never below this pressure or by ext
Design Temperature
Min. Working Temperature 9.80 C Source: Design Project Value
Max. Working Temperature 45.2 C
Pipeline
Material
Properties
Type Seamless
Ultimate Tensile Strength @ up to 200 C 415 MPa Source: Product Data Sheet
Maximum Allowable Stress @ 45,2C 104 MPa
Fire Hose Connection Pipe
Size
Sch 40
Thickness 6.02 mm
Pipe wall thickness According to NFPA 14
Fire Main Pipe NPS 6"
Size
Sch 40
Thickness 7.11 mm
Size
Sch 40
PIPE WALL THICKNESS 67 of 104

Thickness 8.18 mm
PIPING CLASS RATING

Working Pressure
Scenario
Fire Main Pump On
Flow 2840 L/min
Fire Connections Opened
W Pump. R. W Shaft Low Point
TDH bar 9.30 9.26 8.73
Total bar 9.30 11.08 14.16
Maximum Pressure
Scenario
Fire Main Pump On
Flow 0 L/min
Fire Connections Closed
TDH bar 12.06 12.12 12.12
Total bar 12.06 13.94 17.55
According to NFPA 14: 17,5 bar <20,14 bar; hence: Acceptable

Water Hammer Pressure
Scenario
Fire Main Pump On
Flow 0 L/min
Fire Connections / Shut Off Valve Sudden Shut Off
TDH1 bar 0.00 0.00 0.00
Water Hammer bar 0.09 0.58 10.27

Total bar 0.09 2.40 15.69
1)
Due to the sudden shut-off of Fire Connection, the flow will be 0 L/min, therefore the TDH will be 0 bar.
Pressure Rating
Aboveground L. Underground L.
Rating 1
lb 300 300
Flange Pressure Nominal bar 50 50
1)
Piping Class Rating based on the ASME B16.5 - Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard - class
PRESSURE PIPING - WALL THICKNESS

Fire Hose Connection Pipe
According to to ASME Section I and ANSI B31:
Minimum Wall Thickness
Where:
Minimum Design Wall Thickness t 1.57 mm
Outside Diameter D 114.3 mm
Design Pressure P 19.6 bar
Corrosion Allowance C 0.50 mm
Maximum Allowable Stress @Temperature S 104 MPa
Tube Welding Factor E 1.0 For seamless pipe
Wall thickness coeff. for ferritic steels Y 0.4 For ferritic steel & T<= 482C
Therefore, including a manufacturers allowance of 12.5% 1.77 mm

Check for applicability
Conditions below are checked to ensure that the calculations performed above are applicable to the geometry.
That is: 1,76 mm < 19,05 mm; therefore: Accep
Maximum Pressure Works
Where:

Maximum Allowable Working Pressure P 104.2 bar
Nominal Wall Thickness t 6.02 mm
Allowable Stress @Temperature S 104 MPa

Conditions below are checked to ensure that the calculations performed above are applicable to the pressure range.
That is: 0,1 < 0,385 ; therefore: Acceptable

Where:

That is: 2,33 mm < 28,05 mm; therefore: Acceptable
Where:
Nominal wall Thickness t 7.11 mm
Wall thickness coeff. for ferrous steels Y 0.4 For ferritic steel & T<= 482C

Fire Main Pipe 8"
Where:

That is: 3,2 mm < 36,51 mm; therefore: Acceptable
Where:

Nominal wall Thickness t 8.18 mm

HYDROSTATIC TEST PRESSURE

According to the section 11.4.1 of NFPA 14
Method A 13,8 bar @ 2h
Method B 3,4 bar + working pressure @ 2 h
Then:
Working pressure bar 0.09 2.40 15.69
Test pressure bar 3.49 5.80 19.09
According to ASME B31.1

MAWP (Maximum Allowable Working Pressure) 19.6 bar
Safety Factor 1.30 Source: ASME B31.1
Allowable Stress @ Test Temperature 104 MPa
Allowable Stress @ Design Temperature 104 MPa
Testing pressure 25.4 bar

JOINING METHOD
Joining Method
Method Grooved End
Coupling
Class Flexible Class
Groove Type Standard Cut Groove Groove Type
Brand Victaulic Brand
Type Style 77 Type
Groove Depth
NPS 4" NPS 6" NPS 8"

Pipe Wall Thickness mm 6.02 7.11 8.18
Minimum Design Wall Thickness mm 1.57 2.07 2.85
Groove Depth 1
mm 2.11 2.16 2.34
Grooving Machine Tolerance mm 0.50 0.50 0.50
Galvanized Coating Thickness mm 0.20 0.20 0.20
Safety Factor mm 0.30 0.30 0.30
1)
Groove Depth in accordance with Victaulic Technical Specification

The groove depths are checked to ensure that the calculations performed above are applicable to the wall thickness.
That is:
@ NPS 4" Min. Design Wall Thk. + Total Groove Depth = 4,67 mm < Pipe Wall Thk. (6,0
@ NPS 6" Min. Design Wall Thk. + Total Groove Depth = 5,23 mm < Pipe Wall Thk. (7,1
@ NPS 8" Min. Design Wall Thk. + total Groove Depth = 6,19 mm < Pipe Wall Thk. (8,1

2016/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
han atmospheric pressure, never below this pressure or by external pressures.

E Shaft E Pump. R.
1.85 0.00
8.17 8.15
10.01 8.15
E Shaft E Pump. R.
1.85 0.00
11.87 11.87
13.71 11.87

E Shaft E Pump. R.
1.85 0.00
0.00 0.00
17.72 16.61
19.56 16.61
ged Fittings: NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard - class
0.06 in
4.50 in
284 psi
0.020 in
15,048 psi
1.0
0.4
1,76 mm < 19,05 mm; therefore: Acceptable

1512 psi
4.50 in
0.24 in
0.020 in
15,048 psi
1.0
0.4
performed above are applicable to the pressure range.

0,1 < 0,385 ; therefore: Acceptable

0.08 in
6.63 in
284 psi
0.020 in
15,048 psi
1.0
0.4
1163 psi
6.63 in
0.28 in
0.031 in
15,048 psi
1.0
0.4
0.11 in
8.63 in
284 psi
0.031 in
15,048 psi
1.0
0.4
1042 psi

8.63 in
0.32 in
0.031 in
15,048 psi
1.0
0.4
E Shaft E Pump. R.
19.56 16.61
22.96 20.01

Rigid
Groove Type Standard Cut Groove
Victaulic
Style 07
s performed above are applicable to the wall thickness.
ll Thk. + Total Groove Depth = 4,67 mm < Pipe Wall Thk. (6,02 mm); hence: Acceptable
ll Thk. + Total Groove Depth = 5,23 mm < Pipe Wall Thk. (7,11 mm); hence: Acceptable
ll Thk. + total Groove Depth = 6,19 mm < Pipe Wall Thk. (8,18 mm); hence: Acceptable

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
CALCULATION
FIRE MAIN PIPE: MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR
PROJECT REFERENCE
PORT SAID TUNNELS
PST-RO14-SA-MFF-EDDT-38300-01B
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
Code of Good Practice
Design Temperature
Design Temperature
Assembly conditions 25.0 C Source: Estimated Value
Min. working temperature 9.80 C Source: Design Project Value
Max. working temperature 45 C
Max. Temp. Inside Tunnel 45.0 C Source: Design Project Value
Fluid Properties
Density @ 25C & 17.9 bar 997.8 kg/m3 Source: Thermodynamic Properties of Hum
Density @ 45C & 17.9 bar 951.7 kg/m 3
Density @ 45C & 17.9 bar 947.9 kg/m3

Bulk Modulus 2.2E+09 Pa
Miscellaneous
Earth-surface Gravitational Accele. 9.81 m/s
2
Pipe
Material
Duplex Steel 1.4462 BS EN 10088-3 Source: American Society for Testing Mater
1.4462 BS EN 10088-3 ASTM A182 F51 X2CrNiMoN22-5-3
Properties
Standard Specification B 36.10 Source: C
Coeff. Linear Thermal Expansion For seamless and welded tubes of non-alloy
@ 20-100C 0.01370 mm/mK
Density 7800 kg/m3
Yield Strength 450 MPa
Ultimate Tensile Strength @ < 200 C 650 MPa Source: Product Data Sheet
Maximum Allowable Stress @ 45C 163 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity (Young's Modulus) For seamless and welded tubes of non-alloy
@ 20 C 210 GPa
@ 45 C 208 GPa
@ 300 C 192 GPa
Coefficient of Friction
Carbon Steel to Carbon Steel 0.3 Source: Code of Good Practice derived from
Size
Nominal Pipe Size 4 6 8"
FIRE MAIN PIPE: MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR 81 of 104

Outside pipe diameter 114.3 168.3 219.1 mm
Pipe wall thickness
Sch 80 40 40
8.5598 7.11 8.18 mm
Inside pipe diameter 97.1804 154.08 202.74 mm
Weight
Empty 22.18 28.69 42.49 kg/m
Water 7.1 17.7 30.7 Kg/m
Laden 24.28 47.34 75.48 kg/m
THERMAL EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

Expansion and contraction can be calculated mathematically using the formula:
Where
Length of the pipe L m
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion CExp mm/mK

Diffence between Max. Working Temp. and Assemby Temp. T K
Safety Factor 1.10
SECTIONS
Out-WShaft WShaft-CP1 CP1-CP2 CP2-Eshaft EShaft-Out Shaft
Pipe length m 519 775 1,749 399 465 19


FORCES
Thrust Force
Force due to the thrust force, it is calculated as follows:
and
SECTIONS
Change of direction 0 0 0 0 0 0
Safety Factor 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
Force kN 115.7 115.7 115.7 115.7 115.7 115.7
SECTIONS
130.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 130.00

90 90 90 90 90 90
1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
kN 163.6 163.6 163.6 163.6 163.6 163.6
SECTIONS
130.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 130.00

45 45 45 45 45 45
1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
88.6 88.6 88.6 88.6 88.6 88.6
Thermal Expansion Force

Force due to the thermal expansion of the pipe.

Safety Factor 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33
Force kN 412 412 412 412 412 412

@ 45C
Expansion Stress (57 MPa) < Maximum Allowable Stress (162 MPa); therefore: Acceptable
Friction Force
Force due to the friction between the pipe and the support, it is calculated as follows:
Quantity Weight NPS 4"

Pipe Length (Delivery Lenght) m 12.0 Pipe N 2857
Insulation Length m 0.0 Insulation N 0
Section Valve Ud 1 Shut Off Valves N 182

Couplings Ud 0 Couplings N 0
Anchors Ud 1 Per Anchor N 3040
Expansion Joint Force

Force due to the bellow spring to its compression, it is calculated as follows:
For axial expansion joints: For hinged expans
NPS 6" NPS 8"

Linear Deflection 1 mm 0.0 0.0 Angular Defle
Linear Spring Rate1 N/mm 0 0 Angular Spring
Force kN 0.0 0.0 Length of pipe between bellows c
1)
Values according to Equipment Data Sheet. 2)
Values according to

Centrifugal Force
Force due to the change of direction of the fluid. The centrifugal force can be calculated mathematically using the formula:
Change of Direction 90
Water Density kg/m 3
947.9
NPS 4"
Velocity m/s 10.11
Pipe Area m 2
0.007
Force kN 0.719
Main Force
Force due to addition of: Thrust + Horizontal Friction + Centrifugal Forces
SECTIONS
Main Force kN 125 125 125 125 125 125
JOINING METHOD
Method
Joining Method Welding
SECTIONS
Welds NPS 4" (approx.) Ud 88 130 292 68 78 4

PIPE SUPPORTS
Supports Spacing
Support spacing for steel pipe
NPS 4"
Allowable midppoint deflection m 0.003 Source: ASME 31.1
Moment Inertia m 4
4.0E-06
Weight (pipe+fluid) kN/m 0.238
Unsupported span length m 28.75
Vibratory Motion
Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIV) has been taken into account. For this, the vortex shedding frequency in steady flow may be calculated as fo
NPS 4"
Vortex shedding frequency Hz 0.87
Strouhal number 0.20 Source: For a smooth stationary cylinder, t
That value is usually for piping.
Fluid veloc. normal to the pipe axis m/s 0.50 Source: Design Project Value. For futher de
Note.
Pipe Diameter m 0.1143
The natural frecuency of pipe can be calculated using the formula:
NPS 4"
Boundary conditions (a)
1 Harm. (Natural Frecuency)
st
15.40
2nd Harmonic
Moment Inertia m4 4.0E-06
Weight (pipe+fluid) kg/m 24.28
Lenght of pipe m 28.75
Natural Frecuency Hz 0.550
The vortex shedding frequency may coincide with a natural frequency of motion of the member, resulting in resonance vibrations. In accord
frecuency and natural frequency should be higher than 20%.
Ratio (Vortex S. Freq./Natural freq.)
NPS 4" 59.20% According to the Best Practices, if ratio > 20%; hence: Unacceptable
Therefore the support spacing will be reduced to avoid the piping vibration.

Technical Gallery: precast elements modularity
Due to the modularity of the precast elements that form the Technical Gallery. The span length between pipe supports have been taken int
NPS 4"
Span length between pipe supports 3
m 4.70
The natural frequency:

Boundary conditions (a)
1st Harm. (Natural Frecuency) 15.40
2nd Harmonic
Weight (pipe+fluid) kg/m 24.28
Natural Frecuency Hz 20.56
3)
To prevent excessive pipe deflection due to the dead load of pipe, the intervals determined have been approved by the coupling manufacturer.

Fatigue failure due to vibration induced bending takes place most often at operating rate of the fire pumps; the shaft of the pump operates
Ratio (Pump Freq./Natural Freq.)
NPS 4" 139% According to the Best Practices, if ratio > 20%; hence: Acceptable
PIPE ALINGMENT GUIDE SPACING
Off Set
Pipe Alignment Couplings Spacing
The lenght of pipe to requied to bend can be calculated using couplings:
NPS 6" NPS 8"

Couplings Flexible Flexible
Lenght Pipe m 20 20 L
Thermal Expan. mm 6.03 6.03
Max. Deflection 1 #REF! #REF!
Span. between Coup. m #REF! #REF!
1)
According to equipment Data Sheet
Pipe Alignment Supports Spacing

The lenght of pipe to requied to bend can be calculated using the formula:
NPS 4"
Pipe Nominal Diameter mm 100
Expansion mm 6
Lenght m 2.46
The force requied to bend this length can be calculated using the formula: The stress developed in the be
NPS 6"
Moment Inertia cm4 4.0E+02 Pipe Nominal Diameter
Expansion mm 6 Expansion
Lenght m 2.46 Lenght

Force kN 3910 Stress

Stress (60 MPa) < Maximum Allowable Stress (162 MPa); therefore: Acceptable
It is necessary to include an expansion system (expansion joint, bellows, etc.) to reduce the Expansion Stress.
Pipe Guides used with loops
Primary Guides
Max. Distance between Primary Guides
1st to 2nd
Anchor to
Guide
1st Guide
For NPS 4" mm 400 1400

Intermediate Guides
The intermediate guide spacings can be calculated mathematically using the formula:
Guide Factor 1 When both sides are simply supported.

Safety Factor 3
NPS 4"
Total Buckling Force N 125372
Lenght between Guides m 4.68

EXPANSION JOINTS
The quantity of expansion joints needed to the thermal expansion:
Class Bellow
Axial
NPS 6" NPS 8"
PN bar 40 40
Travel of the Expansion Joint1
Expansion mm 40.0 47.0
Contraction mm 20.0 23.0
Linear Spring Rate1 N/mm 343 314

1)
SECTIONS
Expansion Joint Quantity (per bore) Ud #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
MISCELLANEOUS
Water Volume
SECTIONS
North Tunnel m3 15.9 23.8 53.7 12.3 14.3 0.6

South Tunnel m3 15.9 23.8 53.7 12.3 14.3 0.6
Total Volume
North Tunnel m3 121.2
South Tunnel m3 121.2
Cross Passage (#1 to #6) m 3
4.61
Shaft (both Portals) m 3
0.00
Basement (both Portals) m 3
0.00
Total m 3
247
Pipe Weight
SECTIONS
Pipe Empty Out-WShaft WShaft-CP1 CP1-CP2 CP2-CP3 CP3-CP4 CP4-CP5
North Tunnel kg 22,052 32,930 74,315 16,954 19,758 807

South Tunnel kg 22,052 32,930 74,315 16,954 19,758 807
Pipe Laden
North Tunnel kg 39,175 58,499 132,019 30,118 35,099 1,434
South Tunnel kg 39,175 58,499 132,019 30,118 35,099 1,434
Total Weigth Empty Laden

North Tunnel kg 167,666 297,854
South Tunnel kg 167,666 297,854
Cross Passage (#1 to #6) kg 7,459 12,307
Shaft (both Portals) kg 0 0
Basement (both Portals) kg 0 0
Total kg 342,790 608,016

CHECK FOR APPLICABILITY
Work Pressure of the Coupling
NPS 6" NPS 8"
Then:
For NPS 6" #REF!
For NPS 8" #REF!
Thermal Expansion of the Coupling (into the groove)

Specific Thermal Expansion #REF! mm/m
Max. Delivery Lenght 12.0 m
NPS 6" NPS 8"

Max. Thermal Expan. (per Lenght) mm #REF! #REF!
Then:
For NPS 6" #REF!
For NPS 8" #REF!
Because the coupling is not enough to absorb the thermal expansion, it is necessary to include an expansion system (i.e.
Maximum Temperature of the Coupling

Max. Thermal Expansion (per m) #REF! mm/m
Max. Rate of Temperature 1

#REF! C
1)
In accordance with the temperature range of the gasket: 34C to +110C.

End Load of the Coupling
NPS 6" NPS 8"
Max. Thrust Force @ 45 C kN 0 125
In spite of the increase of temperature, has not been taken into account the increase of pressure inside the pipe section; due to the h
for both sides of one pipe section.
Then:
For rigid couplings @ 45 C
For NPS 6" #REF!
For NPS 8" #REF!
Travel of the Expansion Joint

Checking the fulfilment of expansion joint performance:
SECTIONS
Expansion Joint Qty. Ud #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!

Expansion Lenght @ up to 45 C mm #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
Contraction Lenght @ up to 9,8 C mm #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
Maximum Travel of whole Expansion System
@ Expansion mm #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
@ Contraction mm #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
@ Expansion, hence: Acceptable
@ Contraction, hence: Acceptable

OTECTION SYSTEM REVISION DATE AUTHOR REVIEWED APPROVED
ALCULATION A 2016/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
B
: MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR
C
D
A-MFF-EDDT-38300-01B STATUS Issued For Approval
Source: Thermodynamic Properties of Humid Air, Steam, Water and Ice by ASHRAE

X2CrNiMoN22-5-3
Source: Code of Good Practice derived from ASME papers.

Basement
20
6

Basement
130.00
0
1.20
115.7
Basement
130.00
90
1.20
163.6
Basement
130.00
45
1.20
88.6
Basement
57101
1.33
412
Force per Anchor NPS 4"

For Horizontal Pipe kN 8.94

For hinged expansion joints:
NPS 6" NPS 8"

Angular Deflection 2
0.0 0.0
Angular Spring Rate2 Nm/ 0.0 0.0
Length of pipe between bellows centres m 1.0 1.0
Force kN 0.00 0.00
2)

Basement
125
Basement

ency in steady flow may be calculated as follows:
Source: For a smooth stationary cylinder, the Strouhal number is a function of Reynolds number.
That value is usually for piping.
Source: Design Project Value. For futher details refer to PST-RO14-SA-EVN-EDDT-38700-01B HVAC Technical
Note.
resulting in resonance vibrations. In accordance with the Best Practices the ratio between vortex shedding

between pipe supports have been taken into account this modularity:
fire pumps; the shaft of the pump operates at: 2950 rpm ==> 49.17 Hz
The stress developed in the bending pipe:
NPS 4"
mm 100
mm 6
m 2.46

MPa 60

#REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF! #REF!
0.6 0.0 0.0 4.61 0.00 0.00

0.6 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00
850 0 0 7,459 0 0
850 0 0 0 0
1,510 0 0 12,307 0 0
1,510 0 0 0 0

cessary to include an expansion system (i.e.: expansion joints, bellows, etc.)

of pressure inside the pipe section; due to the high value of Bulk Modulus and the water volumen expansion

6 0 0 0 0 0


CALCULATION A
FIRE WATER PUMP B
DIESEL FUEL TANK C
PROJECT REFERENCE D
PORT SAID TUNNELS
ASSUMPTIONS
Standards
Fuel Allowed
Type 1 #2 Diesel Fuel (ASTM D-975) Source: Clarke Fire. Operation and Mai
JU/JW MODEL ENGINES
Type 2 Red Diesel Fuel (BS 2869 Class A2)
FUEL TANK CAPACITY

Capacity
According to: NFPA 20 11.4.2.1
Fuel supply tank shall have a capacity at least equal to:
Volume per kW (Engine Power) 5.07 L
Volume for expansion 5%
Volume for sump 5%
Engine Power Rating 86.0 kW Source: Clarke Fire. Operation and Mai
JU/JW MODEL ENGINES
Capacity 480 L
Per kW 436 L
For expansion 21.8 L
For sump 21.8 L
Supply Tank Proposed 534 L
According to NFPA 20, 533L > 479L; hence: Acceptable
ENGINE FUEL CONSUMPTION

Fuel System
Engine Fuel Consumption 32.6 L/h Source: Clarke Fire. Operation and Mai
JU/JW MODEL ENGINES
Net Capacity Tank 480 L
Run-time 14.7 h
DIESEL FUEL TANK 103 of 104

2016/04/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
2017/06/15 J.R.C. D.R. A.N.D.
Issued For Approval
Source: Clarke Fire. Operation and Maintenance Instructions Manual

JU/JW MODEL ENGINES

JU/JW MODEL ENGINES

JU/JW MODEL ENGINES
DIESEL FUEL TANK 104 of 104

Hydraulic Cal WM

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Hydraulic Cal WM

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

Density @ 110C & 17.9 bar 947.9 kg/m3

THERMAL EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION

Coefficient of linear thermal expansion CExp mm/mK

Safety Factor 1.00

Pipe length m 519 418 357 357 520 426

Bearing Thrust Block

Main NT Branch Main ST Branch

Block Height2 (h) m 0.67

Width3 (b) m 1.11

13.92 14.70 16.46 17.44 17.54 17.54

13.92 14.70 16.46 17.44 17.54 17.54

Thermal Expansion Force

Thermal Expansion @ 45C SECTIONS

Thermal Expansion @ 110C SECTIONS

Expansion Stress kPa 225660 225660 225660 225660 225660 225660

Check for Applicability

Quantity Weight NPS 6" NPS 8"

Expansion Joint Force

For axial expansion joints: For hinged expans

NPS 6" NPS 8"

Main Force (with Expansion Joints)

NPS 6" NPS 8"

Couplings NPS 3" (approx.) Ud 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pipe Alignment Couplings Spacing

Modulus of Elasticity N/m2 9.5E+11

Modulus of Elasticity N/m2 2.0E+11

NPS 6" NPS 8"

Check for Applicability

PIPE ALINGMENT GUIDE SPACING

For NPS 6" mm 600 2100

Guide Factor 1 When both sides are simply supported.

Expansion mm 40.0 47.0

Linear Spring Rate1 N/mm 343 314

Expansion Joint Quantity (per bore) Ud 13 10 9 9 13 11

North Tunnel kg 22,052 17,761 15,169 15,169 22,095 18,101

Total Weigth Empty Laden

CHECK FOR APPLICABILITY

Thermal Expansion of the Coupling (into the groove)

NPS 6" NPS 8"

Max. Rate of Temperature 1

End Load of the Coupling

Travel of the Expansion Joint

Expansion Joint Qty. Ud 13 10 9 9 13 11

Source: World Meteorological Organization

Source: American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM)

Source: American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

For seamless and welded tubes of non-alloy steel

Source: Code of Good Practice derived from ASME papers.

CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP 1&61 Shaft Basement

446 399 465 50 19 20

16.37 14.90 13.62 17.54 13.92 11.86

CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP4 Shaft Basement

16.37 14.90 13.62 17.54 13.92 11.86

CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP4 Shaft Basement

16.37 14.90 13.62 17.54 13.92 11.86

CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP4 Shaft Basement

52500 52500 52500 52500 52500 52500

CP5-CP6 CP6-EShaft EShaft-Out CP4 Shaft Basement

225660 225660 225660 225660 225660 225660

Force per Anchor NPS 6" NPS 8"

For hinged expansion joints:

NPS 6" NPS 8"

NPS 6" NPS 8"