Hydraulic Calculation of Pipelines Report

Hydraulic calculation of pipelines
for jetty 7/8 project
By
Miss Kanokwan Jaruek (TU)

Miss Mintra Jarearnporn (KMITL)
Students of Project Based Internship Program June-July 2017
TNPD Section
Thai Oil Public Company Limited

Acknowledgements
 Director : K.Ed de Saegher

 Mentor : K.Parichart Santiworawut
We are very appreciated to be trainee at THAIOIL. Special thanks

to our director and mentor for supporting us and guidance. Thanks to
the best opportunity to study and work in professional company. We
will remember the experience and use this experience to be impulsion
in the future.
Content
Title Page
Introduction 1
Objective & Scope of work 2
Theory 2
Methodology 7
Information 8
Results & Discussion 11
Conclusion & Recommendation 14
Appendix
1
INTRODUCTION
Corrosion problems at pipelines on onshore and offshore oil and gas
facilities all over the world is one of the leading causes of piping failures. External
corrosion at pipeline supports is an extremely common problem that drives up
maintenance costs and creates hazardous conditions.
Thai oil Jetty is the most important product outlet as it delivers 30% of the
refinery production approximately. The current system consists of 4 jetties with
in total 6 berths. Now, there are installation of 2 berth, 7 and 8 next to existing
CBM (at water depth of 16 meters approximately) and the required products to
deliver to new jetty 7/8 are Jet A-1 and Benzene.
The existing jetties of Thai oil are more than 50 years old. The corrosion
problems of the pipelines/support occur from time to time. Hence there is
a project to re-route 4 pipelines, which consist of FOC, FO5, Fire water and Slop,
in the middle layer of existing jetty to the jetty 7/8 pipe rack.
2
Objective and Theory

Objective
To confirm hydraulic calculation of pipelines for jetties 7/8 project to
make sure that it could be operated without any problem in the future.
Scope of work
Scope 1: New Jet A-1 and Benzene pipelines to jetty 7/8
Scope 2: Re-route 4 pipelines (FOC, FO5, Slop, Firewater) to existing jetties
Theory
1. Design procedure
The problem of design procedure is to find Pressure drop in the pipeline,
which proper the given diameter and determine the optimum-size pipe
diameters within the confinements, which is safe and economical.
2. Design codes
The principal design codes used for piping design are B31.3 - 2012 (Process
Piping).This code is design of chemical and petroleum plants and refineries
processing chemicals and hydrocarbons, water and steam. It contains rules for
piping typically found in petroleum refineries; chemical, pharmaceutical, textile,
paper, semiconductor, and cryogenic plants; and related processing plants and
terminals.
3. Flow in pipe
It is important to determine the flow type as this governs how the amount
of energy lost to friction relates to the velocity of the flow. And how much
energy must be used to move the fluid. Therefore we have to determine the
value depends on flow conditions.
3.1 Reynolds Number
The flow can be classified into one of two types, laminar or turbulent flow
(with a small transitional region between these two). The non-dimensional
number, the Reynolds number, Re, is used to determine which type of flow
occurs
ρvD
Re =
μ
For a pipe
Laminar flow : Re < 2000
Transitional flow : 2000 < Re < 4000
Turbulent flow : Re > 4000
3
3.2 Friction factor ( 𝒇 )

The value of f must be chosen with care or else the head loss will not be
correct. Assessment of the physics governing the value of friction in a fluid has
led to the following relationships
1. hf ∝ L
2. hf ∝ v2
3. hf ∝ 1/d
4. hf depends on surface roughness of pipes
5. hf depends on fluid density and viscosity
6. hf is independent of pressure
Consequently f cannot be a constant if it is to give correct head loss
values from the Darcy equation. An expression that gives f based on fluid
properties and the flow conditions is required.
 Laminar flow
For laminar flow (Re < 2000), as follows:
16
f=
Re
 Turbulent flow
For rough tubes in turbulent ﬂow (Re > 4000), the von Karman equation
was modiﬁed empirically by Colebrook to include the effect of wall roughness,
as follows:
1 ε/D 1.255
= −4log [ + ]
√f 3.7 Re√f
Where is Re : Reynolds number

f : Friction factor
D : Diameter of pipe
4
In the ‘‘fully turbulent’’ region, f is independent of Re, so the Colebrook

equation reduces to
2
1
f=( ε )
4log [3.7/( )]
D
 Wall Roughness (𝜀 )
Characteristic values of wall roughness have been determined for
various materials, as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Equivalent roughness of various surfaces
Roughness range Recommended
Material Condition
(mm) (mm)
Draw brass ,copper, stainless New 0.01–0.0015 0.002
New 0.1-0.02 0.045
Commercial steel Light rust 1.0-0.15 0.3
General rust 3.0-1.0 2.0
Wrought ,new 0.045 0.045
Cast ,new 1.0-0.25 0.30
Galvanized 0.15-0.025 0.15
Iron
Asphalt-coated 1.0-0.1 0.15
Ducts
Sheet metal 0.1-0.02 0.03
Smooth joints
Very smooth 0.18-0.025 0.04
Wood floated ,
0.8-0.2 0.3
Concrete brushed
Rough , visible
2.5-0.8 2.0
form marks
Wood Steve , used 1.0-0.25 0.5
Glass or plastic Draw tubing 0.01-0.0015 0.002
Smooth tubing 0.07-0.006 0.01
Rubber
Wire-reinforced 4.0-0.3 1.0
5
 Moody Diagram
Moody made a useful contribution to help, he plotted f against Re
for commercial pipes – see the figure below. This figure has become known as
the Moody Diagram (or sometimes the Stanton Diagram).
Figure 1: Moody Diagram

(From: http://auworkshop.autodesk.com/library/fluid-dynamics-lemaster/moody-diagram)
3.3 Local Head Losses
The overall head loss for the pipe system consists of the head loss due to
viscous effects in the straight pipes, termed the major loss and denoted
hL-major. The head loss in various pipe components, termed the minor loss and
denoted hL-minor.
 Major loss
fL v2
Hloss,major = 4 (m)
D 2g
 Minor loss
v2
Hloss,minor = ∑ K L (m)
2g
6
Table 2 Equations for calculating the pressure drop and heat losses
Items Description Equation
P1 v 21 P2 v 2 2
1 Bernoulli Equation + + z1 = + + z2 + hL
ρg 2g ρg 2g
2 Friction Losses in pipe and fittings hL = hloss,major + hloss,minor
fL v 2
hloss,major =4
D 2g
3 Darcy-Weisbach Equation (pipe friction)
v2
hloss,minor = ∑ KL
2g
4. Analysis of piping
To analyses the flow in a pipe line we will use Bernoulli’s equation. The
Bernoulli’s equation is a statement of conservation of energy along a streamline,
by this principle the total energy in the system does not change, thus the total
head does not change. So the Bernoulli equation can be written
P v2
+ + z = H = constant
ρg 2g
As all of these elements of the equation have units of length, they are
often referred to as the following:
P
 pressure head =
ρg
v2
 velocity head =
2g
 potential head = z
 total head = H
Applying the equation between two points an including, pipe fitting and
friction losses, we have
(P1 −P2 ) v2 2 −v1 2

∆P = = + (z2 − z1 ) + (Hloss,major + Hloss,minor ) (m)
ρg 2g
7
Methodology
The steps in pipeline design are as follows:
1. The determination of the problem, which includes:

 The characteristics of the fluid to be carried, including the flow rate,
density, viscosity and pipe diameter.
 The location of the pipelines: its source and destination.
 The design code to be followed.
 The material to be used.
2. The determination of a preliminary pipe route, the line length and the pipe-
fitting.
3. The determination of head loss from straight lines and pipe-fittings, static
head difference.
4. The determination of pressure drops in the pipeline with the calculation tool
from SHELL line sizing.
5. The determination of the optimum-size pipe diameters.
8
Information
Level of tanks: Low level condition
Flow rate : 420 m3/h (FOC, FO5)
500 m3/h (Benzene)
1500 m3/h (JET A-1)
15 m3/h (Slop ’’Benzene from berth 8’’)
Elevation : Discharge pump to bottom of ship (- 3 m base on Mean sea
level)
Addition : Include Pressure drop from meter and control valve = 4 bar
(+fouling)
Level of ship : 6 m
Level of Slop tank: 10 m
Table 3 Properties of each product.

Properties of fluid
Number of
Service Viscosity (cSt)
pipelines Density (kg/l)
Max Min
1 FOC 180 81 0.99
2 FO5 380 - 0.99
3 Fire Water 0.543 - 1
4 Benzene 0.65 - 0.868
5 Jet A-1 8 - 0.84-0.775
6 Slop
FUEL JP-5 8.5 - 0.845
FUEL JP-8 8 - 0.84
HIGH SPEED DIESEL 4.1 1.8 0.87
LIGHT DIESEL FUEL 6 - 0.92
FOA 80 7 0.985
FO2 180 81 0.99
AUTOMOTIVE GASOIL 4.1 1.8 0.87
Table 4 Information of each product lines
Flow rate
Number Service Diameter Section Descriptions Pumps Tanks Destination
(m3/h)
12'' 1 Pump to Causeway T-123/T-124/
1 FOC 500 14'' 2 Causeway to Tie-in Berth 4 P-3905/P-3917 T-3017/T-3018/ BERTH 5
12'' 3 Tie-in Berth 4 to Berth5 T-3054/T-3055
12'' 1 Pump to Causeway T-123/T-124/
2 FO5 500 14'' 2 Causeway to Tie-in Berth 4 P-3905/P-3917 T-3017/T-3018/ BERTH 5
12'' 3 Tie-in Berth 4 to Berth5 T-3054/T-3055
10'' 1 Pump to Tie-in berth7,8 T-7604A/
3 Benzene 500 P-7608/P-7610 BERTH 7/8
12'' 2 Tie-in Berth7,8 to Berth 7,8 T-7604B
T-3062/T-
4 JET A-1 1500 18'' 1 Pump to Berth 7,8 P-3130B/C 3064/T-3065/ BERTH 7/8
T-3067
5 Fire water 820 14'' 1 Pump to Berth 7,8 P-6509 Reservoir BERTH 7/8
P-6255/ T-104/108
6 Slop 15 12'' 1 Each of Berth to Tank P-6254/ T-104/108 from each
P-6222/P-6250 BERTH
9
Table 5 Level each of product tanks
D×H Low Level Average Level Outlet nozzle level
Tank No. Contents
(mm× mm) (m) (m) (m)
T-123 17000x18000 0.616 6.428 0.432
T-124 17000x18000 0.616 6.428 0.432
T-3017 34000x16000 0.553 6.428 0.392
T-3018 FOC, FO5 34000x16000 0.553 6.428 0.392
T-3046 35000×16000 0.553 6.428 0.432
T-3054 33000x20000 0.8 6.428 0.5
T-3055 33000x20000 0.8 6.428 0.5
T-7604A 22500x20000 2.099 9.435 0.6
Benzene
T-7604B 22500x20000 2.099 8.593 0.6
T-3062 33000x17200 1.2 2.071 0.5
T-3064 33000x17200 1.2 15.181 0.538
JET A-1
T-3065 33000x17200 1.2 2.812 0.538
T-3067 48000x18000 1.2 14.182 0.5
10
Results & Discussion
Result
Low level Condition
Scope 1: New Jetty 7/8
Available head Required head

Service Tanks Pumps Recommendations
pumps (bar) pumps (bar)
× Increase tank level = 11 m

3
T-7604A P-7608/7610 14.6 15.12  Reduce flow to 485 m /h.
 Increase impeller size to 495.3 mm
Benzene
× Increase tank level = 11 m
3
T-7604B P-7608/7610 14.6 15.18  Reduce flow to 485 m /h.
 Increase impeller size to 495.3 mm
T-3062 P-3130B/C 15.5 9.75 -
T-3064 P-3130B/C 15.5 9.83 -

JET A-1
T-3065 P-3130B/C 15.5 9.83 -
T-3067 P-3130B/C 15.5 9.78 -
11
Scope 2: Re-route 4 pipelines
Service Tanks Pumps Available head Required head Recommendations

T-3017 P-3905 14.90 11.73 -
T-3018 P-3905 14.90 11.75 -
FOC T-3017 P-3917 12.80 11.74 -
T-3018 P-3917 12.80 11.76 -
T-3054 P-3905 14.90 13.97 -
T-3055 P-3905 14.90 13.97 -

FO5
× Increase tank level = 13 m.
3
T-3054/3055 P-3917 12.80 13.97  Reduce flow to 385 m /h.
 Increase impeller size to 376 mm.
Note: T-3054/3055 should review minimum operating level alarm to 1.5 m
12
Scope 2: Re-route 4 pipelines (Cont.)
Service Tanks Pumps Available head Required head Recommendations
Fire P-6509 in
water Reservoir 13.93 11.62 -
parallel
T-108 P-6254 5.296 1.30 -

Slop
T-104 P-6254 5.296 1.30 -
13
14
Conclusions & Recommendation
Conclusions
Scope 1
 Benzene line to berth 8 can operate at flow rate 485-500 m3/h.
 JET A-1 line to berth 7 can operate at flow rate 1500 m3/h.
Scope 2
o Re-route pipelines (FOC, FO5, Firewater and Slop) can operate at current
condition without any problem.
Recommendation
For new pipelines section, pipe length, elbow/fitting should be re-checked
again after getting final isometric drawing to improve the pressure drop
calculation accuracy.
Appendix
1. Properties of each product.
Properties of fluid
Number of
Service Viscosity (cSt)
pipelines Density (kg/l)
Max Min
1 FOC 180 81 0.99
2 FO5 380 - 0.99
3 Fire Water 0.543 - 1
4 Benzene 0.65 - 0.868
5 Jet A-1 8 - 0.84-0.775
6 Slop
FUEL JP-5 8.5 - 0.845
FUEL JP-8 8 - 0.84
HIGH SPEED DIESEL 4.1 1.8 0.87
LIGHT DIESEL FUEL 6 - 0.92
FOA 80 7 0.985
FO2 180 81 0.99
AUTOMOTIVE GASOIL 4.1 1.8 0.87
2. Pump data
Total
Pumping density Capacity Total Head
Number Service Head
Name (kg/l) (m3/h) (bar)
(meter)
1 P-3905 Fuel oil 0.95 500 162 14.904
2 P-3917 Fuel oil 0.96 500 137.7 12.802
3 P-6222 Oil/water/slop 0.7-1 10 63 -
4 P-6254 Oil/water/slop 0.7-1 10 63 -
5 P-6255 Oil/water/slop 0.7-1 10 63 -
6 P-6212 Slop 0.72-1 10 48.780
7 P-6250 Slop 1.1-1.2 10 - 0.200
8 P-7608 Benzene 0.86 500 175.3 14.600
9 P-7610 Benzene 0.86 500 175.3 14.600
10 P-3130 Jet 0.6945 1600 210 14.124
11 P-4502 Fire water 1 136.3 42.4 4.103
12 P-4508 Fire water 1 136.4 49.2 4.765
13 P-4509 Fire water 1 136.4 49.2 4.765
14 P-6509 Fire water 1
15 P-6513 Fire water 1 675 145 14.042
16 P-6523 Fire water 1
3. Pump elevation
Foundation Discharge Suction
Pumping Suction elevation Discharge
Number Service elevation elevation elevation
Name (TOC DATUM)(m) elevation(m)
(TOC DATUM)(m) (TOC DATUM)(m) (m)
1 P-3905 Fuel oil 5.62 0.465 1.055 6.615 7.205
2 P-3917 Fuel oil 5.6 0.43 1 6.56 7.13
3 P-6222#4 Oil/water/slop 4.5 -2.885 0.135 2.145 5.165
4 P-6254#5 Oil/water/slop 4.5 -1.75 0.22 3.28 5.25
5 P-6255 Oil/water/slop 4.5 -1.75 0.22 3.28 5.25
6 P-6250 Slop 4.5 0.177 0.177 5.207 5.207
7 P-7608 Benzene 0.65 0.585 1.235 1.765 2.415
8 P-7610 Benzene 0.65 0.585 1.235 1.765 2.415
9 P-3130 Jet 5.75 0.71 0.71 6.99 6.99
10 P-4502 Fire water 8.077 -6.48 0.2 2.127 8.807
11 P-4508 Fire water 8 -6.28 0.175 2.25 8.705
12 P-4509 Fire water 8.575 -6.28 0.175 2.825 9.28
13 P-6509 Fire water 8.55 -5.9817 0.3048 3.0983 9.3848
14 P-6513 Fire water 9.011 -5.9817 0.3048 3.5593 9.8458
15 P-6523 Fire water 7.815 -5.981 0.3048 2.364 8.6498
** Reference Elevation Mean sea level **TOC DATUM +0.53 m
4. Tank elevation & Level Alarm
Elevation Bottom Elevation of outlet
D×H Low Level Different Elevation
Tank No. Contents of tank nozzle
(ft. × ft.) (TOC DATUM)(m) (m)
(TOC DATUM)(m) (TOC DATUM)(m)
T-3017 112'x54' 6.16 0.392 0.553 0.161
T-3018 112'x54' 6.16 0.392 0.553 0.161
T-3054 33000x20000 6.53 0.5 0.8 0.3
T-3055 33000x20000 6.53 0.5 0.8 0.3
T-7604A 22500x20000 0.65 0.6 2.099 1.499
Benzene
T-7604B 22500x20000 0.65 0.6 2.099 1.499
T-3062 33000x17200 6.673 0.5 1.2 0.7
T-3064 33000x17200 6.43 0.538 1.2 0.662
Jet
T-3065 33000x17200 6.43 0.538 1.2 0.662
T-3067 48000x18000 6.57 0.5 1.2 0.7
T-0104 160'x60' 11.03 0.55 - -
Slop
T-0108 144'x60' 11.03 0.55 - -
5. Length for each section of pipeline
 Data from Plant layout by P' Phongtorn
Number Service State From To Diameter Length (m)
1 Benzene liquid P-7608, P7610 Tie-in berth 7,8 10'' 5080.326
Benzene liquid Tie-in berth 7,8 berth 7,8 12'' 1755.286
Benzene vapor berth 7,8 Tie-in berth 4 10'' 1950.886
Benzene vapor Tie-in berth 4 Cause way 10'' 1064.726
2 Jet liquid P-3130 B, P-3130C berth 7,8 18'' 5485.612
3 FOC liquid P-3905, P3917 Cause way 12'' 1820
FOC liquid Cause way Tie-in berth 4 14'' 1044.278
FO5 liquid P-3905, P3917 Cause way 12'' 1820
FO5 liquid Cause way Tie-in berth 4 14'' 1064.726
FOC/FO5 liquid Tie-in berth 4 berth 1,2 12'' 181.221
FOC/FO5 liquid Tie-in berth 4 berth 3 12'' 121.32
FO5 liquid Tie-in berth 4 berth 4 12'' 405.405
FOC liquid Tie-in berth 4 berth 4 12'' 425.333
FO5 liquid Tie-in berth 4 berth 5 12'' 620.875
FOC liquid Tie-in berth 4 berth 5 12'' 640.803
4 Fire water liquid Pump berth 1,2 14'' 3545.947
Fire water liquid Pump berth 3 14'' 3486.046
Fire water liquid Pump berth 7,8 14'' 5315.612
5 Slop liquid berth 7,8 Tie-in berth 4 12'' 1950.886
Slop liquid berth 5 Tie-in berth 4 12'' 640.8
Slop liquid berth 1,2 Tie-in berth 4 12'' 181.221
Slop liquid Tie-in #4 T-0104, T-0108 12'' 2864.726
6 All - Long pipe Loading arm base - 6.2
 Data from Naviswork program
Number Service State From To Diameter Length (m)
1 Benzene liquid P-7608, P-7610 Tie-in berth 7,8 10'' 4928.55
Benzene liquid Tie-in berth 7,8 Berth 7,8 12'' 1481.98
Benzene vapor Berth 7,8 Tie-in berth 4 10'' 1702.17
Benzene vapor Tie-in berth 4 Cause way 10'' 1108.55
2 Jet liquid P-3130B, P-3130C Berth 7,8 18'' 5060.53
3 FOC liquid P-3905, P-3917 Cause way 12'' 1820
FOC liquid Cause way Tie-in berth 4 14'' 888.36
FO5 liquid P-3905, P-3017 Cause way 12'' 1820
FO5 liquid Cause way Tie-in berth 4 14'' 888.36
FOC/FO5 liquid Tie-in berth 4 berth 1,2 12'' 206
FOC/FO5 liquid Tie-in berth 4 berth 3 12'' 140
4 Fire water liquid Pump berth 1,2 14'' 3394.36
Fire water liquid Pump berth 7,8 14'' 4890.53
5 Slop liquid berth 7,8 Tie-in berth 4 12'' 1702.17
Slop liquid berth 3 Tie-in berth 4 12'' 140
Slop liquid berth 1,2 Tie-in berth 4 12'' 206
Slop liquid Tie-in berth 4 T-0104, T-0108 12'' 2688.36
6 All - Long pipe Loading arm base - 6.2
6. Fitting for each section of pipeline
Type of Amount of
Location Service
pipe-fitting pipe-fitting
Pump to Causeway FOC/FO5 Elbow 90 30
Elbow 45 8
Tee use as elbow -
Benzene Elbow 90 93
Elbow 45 19
Tee use as elbow -
Jet Elbow 90 60
Elbow 45 13
Tee use as elbow -
Fire water Elbow 90 50
Elbow 45 7
Tee use as elbow 3
Tank to causeway Slop Elbow 90 32
Elbow 45 3
Tee use as elbow -
Causeway to Tie - in berth 4 FOC Elbow 90 25
Elbow 45 3
Tee use as elbow 3
Remain fluids Elbow 90 31
Elbow 45 1
Tee use as elbow 1
Tie-in berth 4 to berth 1,2 FOC/FO5/Fire Elbow 90 4
water/Slop Elbow 45 2
Tee use as elbow 2
Tie-in berth 4 to berth 3 FOC/FO5/Fire Elbow 90 1
water/Slop Elbow 45 2
Tee use as elbow 1
Tie-in berth 4 to berth 4 FO5/Benzene Elbow 90 8
/Fire water Elbow 45 6
/Jet A-1 Tee use as elbow -
FOC/Slop Elbow 90 17
Elbow 45 2
Tee use as elbow -
6. Fitting for each section of pipeline (Cont.)
Type of Amount of
Location Service
pipe-fitting pipe-fitting
Tie-in berth 4 to berth 5 FO5/Benzene Elbow 90 28
/Fire water Elbow 45 8
/Jet A-1 Tee use as elbow -
FOC/Slop Elbow 90 37
Elbow 45 4
Tee use as elbow -
Tie-in berth 4 to Tie-in Benzene/Jet Elbow 90 4
berth 7/8 A-1/Slop Elbow 45 0
Tee use as elbow 1
Tie-in berth 7/8 to berth7/8 Benzene/Jet Elbow 90 42
A-1/Slop Elbow 45 4
Tee use as elbow 1
Tie-in berth 4 to berth7/8 Benzene/Jet Elbow 90 46
A-1/Slop Elbow 45 4
Tee use as elbow 2
Loading Arm of all berth Elbow 90 1
Tee use as elbow 1
Globe valve 3
Gate valve -
7. Low level Condition
Level of tank : Low Level of each tank.
Flow rate : 420 m3/h (FOC, FO5)
500 m3/h (Benzene)
1500 m3/h (JET A-1)
15 m3/h (Slop “Benzene” from berth 8)
Elevation : Discharge pump to bottom of ship (- 3 m base on
Mean sea level)
Addition : Include Pressure drop from meter and control valve
= 4 bar (+fouling)
Level in ship :6m
D×H Low Level

Tank No. Contents
(mm× mm) (m)
T-123 17000x18000 0.8
T-124 17000x18000 0.8
T-3017 34000x16000 0.8
T-3018 FOC,FO5 34000x16000 0.8
T-3046 35000×16000 0.8
T-3054 33000x20000 0.8
T-3055 33000x20000 0.8
T-7604A 22500x20000 2.099
Benzene
T-7604B 22500x20000 2.099
T-3062 33000x17200 1.8
T-3064 33000x17200 1.6
Jet
T-3065 33000x17200 0.8
T-3067 48000x18000 1.8
7.1 Suction Side
 Benzene
Pressure Pressure Pressure loss Pressure

Service Tank Static head NPSHa NPSHr
in tank level fluid from pipe suction
(barg) (m) (m)
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)
Benzene T-7604A 0.03 0.13 0.07 0.00 0.08 10.97 5.50
T-7604B 0.03 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.02 10.26 5.50
 JET A-1
Pressure Pressure level Pressure loss Pressure

in tank fluid from pipe suction
(barg) (m) (m)
T-3062 0 0.06 0.08 -0.01 -0.01 11.38 4.00
T-3064 0 0.05 0.14 0.00 -0.09 10.40 4.00
JET A-1
T-3065 0 0.05 0.14 0.00 -0.09 10.40 4.00
T-3067 0 0.06 0.10 -0.01 -0.04 11.03 4.00
 FOC
Pressure Pressure loss Static Pressure NPSHa NPSHr/ NPSHr/

Service Tank Pressure in tank
level fluid from pipe head suction P-3905 P-3917
(barg)
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (m) (m) (m)
T-3017 0 0.039 0.11 0.005 -0.08 9.62 3.00 3.00
FOC T-3018 0 0.039 0.13 0.005 -0.10 9.42 3.00 3.00
 FO5
Pressure Pressure loss Pressure NPSHa NPSHr/ NPSHr/

Service Tank Pressure in tank Static head
level fluid from pipe suction P-3905 P-3917
(barg) (barg)
(barg) (barg) (barg) (m) (m) (m)
FO5 T-3054 0 0.029 0.72 -0.022 -0.67 3.43 3.00 3.00
T-3055 0 0.029 0.72 -0.022 -0.67 3.43 3.00 3.00
7.2 Discharge Side
 Benzene
Service Tank Pressure drop to berth 7/8

(barg)
T-7604A 14.69
Benzene
T-7604B 14.69
 JET A-1
Service Tank Pressure drop to berth7/8

(barg)
T-3062 9.26
T-3064 9.26
JET A-1
T-3065 9.26
T-3067 9.26
8
 FOC
Service Tank Pressure drop to berth 5/ Pressure drop to berth 5/

P-3905 (barg) P-3917 (barg)
FOC T-123 7.08 7.09
T-124 7.08 7.09
 FO5

P-3905 (barg) P-3917 (barg)
FO5 T-3054 8.72 8.73

T-3055 8.72 8.73
7.3 Head Pump Requirement
 Benzene
Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Head Pump

Service Tank Head Pump available
suction to berth 5/P-3905 Atmosphere required
(barg)
T-7604A 0.08 14.69 0.50 15.12 14.60
Benzene
T-7604B 0.02 14.69 0.50 15.18 14.60
 JET A-1
Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure Head Pump

Service Tank Head pump available
suction berth7,8 Atmosphere required
(barg)
T-3062 -0.01 9.26 0.49 9.75 15.55
JET A-1 T-3064 -0.09 9.26 0.49 9.83 15.55
T-3065 -0.09 9.26 0.49 9.83 15.55
T-3067 -0.04 9.26 0.49 9.78 15.55
 FOC
P-3905
Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Pressure Head Pump Head Pump

Service Tank
suction to berth 5/ meter Atmosphere required available /
(barg) P-3905 (barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) P-3905 (barg)
FOC T-3017 -0.08 7.08 4.00 0.58 11.73 14.90
T-3018 -0.10 7.08 4.00 0.58 11.75 14.90
P-3917
Service Tank
FOC T-3017 -0.08 7.09 4.00 0.58 11.74 12.80
T-3018 -0.10 7.09 4.00 0.58 11.76 12.80
 FO5
P-3905

Service Tank
FO5 T-3054 -0.67 8.72 4.00 0.58 13.97 14.90
T-3055 -0.67 8.72 4.00 0.58 13.97 14.90
P-3917
Service Tank
FO5 T-3054 -0.67 8.73 4.00 0.58 13.97 12.80
T-3055 -0.67 8.73 4.00 0.58 13.97 12.80
7.4 Recommendation for Low level condition
7.4.1. Suction side
If NPSHa < NPSHr + 1
Therefore, Cavitation problem will be occurred. To adjust the problem that have to find new low level of tanks.
 FO5 (T3054/3055 to P-3905/P-3917)

o Minimum level of FO5’s tank
Formerly Low level of tank : 0.8 m of T-3054/3055 (TOC DATUM)
Minimum operating level of tank : 1.5 m of T-3054/3055 (TOC DATUM)
For both of pump (P-3905/P-3917) to make sure that can have enough NPSHa. And P-3905 have enough
required head pump at this level but P-3917 have enough required head pump at 13 m (TOC DATUM)
1.) Suction side

Min. operating level of tank: 1 m (P-3905)
Pressure Pressure Pressure Static Pressure NPSHr/ NPSHr/
Min Level of tank NPSHa
Service Tank in tank level fluid loss from head suction P-3905 P-3917
(TOC DADUM)(m) (m)
(barg) (barg) pipe (barg) (barg) (barg) (m) (m)
T-3054 0 1 0.05 0.72 -0.02 -0.65 3.630 3 3
FO5
T-3055 0 1 0.05 0.72 -0.02 -0.65 3.630 3 3
Min. operating level of tank: 1.5 m (P-3905/P-3917 for NPSHa)

(TOC DADUM)(m) (m)
T-3054 0 1.5 0.10 0.72 -0.02 -0.60 4.13 3 3
FO5
T-3055 0 1.5 0.10 0.72 -0.02 -0.60 4.13 3 3

(TOC DADUM)(m) (m)
T-3054 0 13 1.20 0.72 -0.02 0.50 15.63 3 3
FO5
T-3055 0 13 1.20 0.72 -0.02 0.50 15.63 3 3
2.) Discharge side
P-3905 (barg) P-3917 (barg)
FO5 T-3054 8.72 8.73
T-3055 8.72 8.73
3.) Head pump requirement

Service Tank
suction to berth 5/ drop meter Atmosphere required available /
FO5 T-3054 -0.65 8.72 4.00 0.58 13.95 14.904
T-3055 -0.65 8.72 4.00 0.58 13.95 14.904
Min. operating level of tank: 1.5 m (P-3905)

Service Tank
suction to berth 5/ drop meter Atmosphere required available /
FO5 T-3054 -0.60 8.72 4.00 0.58 13.90 14.904
T-3055 -0.60 8.72 4.00 0.58 13.90 14.904

Head
Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Pressure Head Pump
Service Tank Pump
suction to berth 5/ drop meter Atmosphere available /
required
(barg) P-3917 (barg) (barg) (barg) P-3917 (barg)
(barg)
FO5 T-3054 0.50 8.73 4 0.58 12.80 12.802
T-3055 0.50 8.73 4 0.58 12.80 12.802
7.4.2. Head pump requirement
 Benzene
o Minimum operating level of benzene’s tank(T-7604A/B)
Formerly low level of tank : 2.099 m of T-7604A / 8.593 m of T-7604B (TOC DATUM)
Minimum operating level of tank : 11 m (TOC DATUM) of both tanks
1.) Suction side
Min. operating level of tank: 10 m
Pressure Pressure Pressure loss Static Pressure

Min Level of tank NPSHa NPSHr
Service Tank in tank level fluid from pipe head suction
(TOC DADUM)(m) (m) (m)
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)
T-7604A 0.026 10 0.79 0.07 0.00 0.75 20.46 5.50

Benzene
T-7604B 0.026 10 0.79 0.13 0.00 0.69 19.75 5.50
Min. operating level of tank: 10.5 m

Benzene T-7604A 0.0257 10.5 0.832 0.07 -0.001 0.789 20.962 5.5
T-7604B 0.0257 10.5 0.832 0.13 -0.001 0.729 20.247 5.5
Min Level
Pressure Pressure Pressure Static Pressure
of tank NPSHa NPSHr
Service Tank in tank level fluid loss from head suction
(TOC DADUM) (m) (m)
(barg) (barg) pipe (barg) (barg) (barg)
(m)
T-7604A 0.0257 11 0.8742 0.07 0.00 0.83 21.46 5.5
Benzene
T-7604B 0.0257 11 0.8742 0.13 0.00 0.77 20.75 5.5
2.) Discharge side
Service Tank Pressure drop to berth7,8

(barg)
T-7604A 14.69
Benzene
T-7604B 14.69
3.) Head pump requirement.

Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Head Pump Head Pump
Service Tank
suction to berth 7/8 Atmosphere required available
T-7604A 0.75 14.69 0.67 14.62 14.6
Benzene
T-7604B 0.69 14.69 0.67 14.68 14.6
Service Tank
T-7604A 0.79 14.69 0.67 14.58 14.6
Benzene
T-7604B 0.73 14.69 0.67 14.64 14.6

Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure Head Pump Head Pump
Service Tank
suction berth 7,8 Atmosphere required available
T-7604A 0.83 14.69 0.67 14.54 14.6
Benzene
T-7604B 0.77 14.69 0.67 14.60 14.6
o Change the size of impeller pump
Formerly impellers pump: 381.0 mm Selected impellers pump: 495.3 mm (Maximum impeller of
this pump)
Pressure drop Head Pump

Formerly impellers Selected impellers
Service Tank to berth7,8 required
pump 381.0 mm (barg) pump 495.3mm (barg)
(barg) (barg)
T-7604A 14.69 15.12 14.6 29.42
Benzene
T-7604B 14.69 15.18 14.6 29.42
 FO5
o Minimum operating level of T-3054/3055 (P-3917)
Formerly Low level of tank : 0.8 m of T-3054/3055
Minimum operating level of tanks : 13 m of all tanks
1.) Suction side

(TOC DADUM)(m) (m)
T-3054 0 13 1.20 0.72 -0.02 0.50 15.63 3 3
FO5
T-3055 0 13 1.20 0.72 -0.02 0.50 15.63 3 3
2.) Discharge side
Pressure drop to berth 5/P-3917

Service Tank
(barg)
FO5 T-3054 8.72
T-3055 8.72

Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure Pressure Head Pump Head Pump
Service Tank
suction berth 5/P-3917 drop from Atmosphere required available /
(barg) (barg) meter (barg) (barg) (barg) P-3917 (barg)
FO5 T-3054 0.50 8.73 4 0.58 12.80 12.802
T-3055 0.50 8.73 4 0.58 12.80 12.802
4.) Change the size of impeller pump
Formerly impellers pump : unknown Selected impellers pump : 376 mm
Pressure drop
Head Pump required Formerly impellers pump Selected impellers pump
Service Tank to berth 5
(barg) unknown (barg) 495.3 mm (barg)
(barg)
T-3054 8.73 13.97 12.802 17.45
FO5
T-3055 8.73 13.97 12.802 17.45
5.) Reduce flow rate to 385 m3/h.
 Suction side
Pressure Pressure Pressure loss Static Pressure NPSHr/ NPSHr/

NPSHa
Service Tank in tank level fluid from pipe head suction P-3905 P-3917
(m)
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (m) (m)
FO5 T-3054 0 0.029 0.66 -0.022 -0.61 4.06 3 3
T-3055 0 0.029 0.66 -0.022 -0.61 4.06 3 3
 Discharge side
Service Tank Pressure drop to berth 5/P-3917

(barg)
FO5 T-3054 8.72
T-3055 8.72
 Head pump requirement
Pressure drop
Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Head Pump Head Pump available
Service Tank to berth 5/
suction from meter Atmosphere required /P-3917
P-3917
(barg)
FO5 T-3054 -0.61 7.49 4.00 0.58 12.67 12.802
T-3055 -0.61 7.49 4.00 0.58 12.67 12.802
Flow rate : 500 m3/h (FOC, FO5, Benzene) and 1500 m3/h (JET A-1)
Elevation : Discharge pump to bottom of ship (- 3 m base on Mean
sea level)
Addition : Include Pressure drop from meter and control valve
= 1 bar
Level in ship :6m
D×H Low Level

Tank No. Contents
(mm× mm) (m)
T-123 17000x18000 0.8
T-124 17000x18000 0.8
T-3017 34000x16000 0.8
T-3018 FOC,FO5 34000x16000 0.8
T-3046 35000×16000 0.8
T-3054 33000x20000 0.8
T-3055 33000x20000 0.8
T-7604A 22500x20000 2.099
Benzene
T-7604B 22500x20000 2.099
T-3062 33000x17200 1.8
T-3064 33000x17200 1.6
Jet
T-3065 33000x17200 0.8
T-3067 48000x18000 1.8
8.1 Suction Side
 Benzene
(barg) (m) (m)
Benzene T-7604A 0.03 0.13 0.07 0.00 0.08 10.97 5.50
T-7604B 0.03 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.02 10.26 5.50
 JET A-1
(barg) (m) (m)
T-3062 0 0.06 0.08 -0.01 -0.01 11.38 4.00
T-3064 0 0.05 0.14 0.00 -0.09 10.40 4.00
JET A-1
T-3065 0 0.05 0.14 0.00 -0.09 10.40 4.00
T-3067 0 0.06 0.10 -0.01 -0.04 11.03 4.00
 FOC

Service Tank NPSHa
in tank level fluid from pipe head suction P-3905 P-3917
(m)
T-3017 0 0.039 0.17 0.005 -0.14 9.00 3.00 3.00
FOC
T-3018 0 0.039 0.19 0.005 -0.16 8.79 3.00 3.00
 FO5
Service Tank NPSHa
in tank level fluid from pipe head suction P-3905 P-3917
(m)
T-3054 0 0.029 0.86 -0.022 -0.81 1.97 3.00 3.00
FO5
T-3055 0 0.029 0.86 -0.022 -0.81 1.97 3.00 3.00
8.2 Discharge Side
 Benzene
(barg)
T-7604A 14.69
Benzene
T-7604B 14.69
 JET A-1
(barg)
T-3062 9.26
T-3064 9.26
JET A-1
T-3065 9.26
T-3067 9.26
 FOC
Service Tank Pressure drop to berth 5/P-3905 Pressure drop to berth 5/P-3917
(barg) (barg)
T-123 12.02 12.03
FOC
T-124 12.02 12.03
 FO5
Service Tank Pressure drop to berth 5/P-3905 Pressure drop to berth 5/P-3917
(barg) (barg)
T-3054 11.68 11.69
FO5
T-3055 11.68 11.69
 Benzene
Service Tank
suction berth 7/8 Atmosphere required available
T-7604A 0.08 14.69 0.50 15.12 14.60
Benzene
T-7604B 0.02 14.69 0.50 15.18 14.60
 JET A-1
Service Tank
suction berth 7/8 Atmosphere required available
T-3062 -0.01 9.26 0.49 9.75 15.55
Jet A-1 T-3064 -0.09 9.26 0.49 9.83 15.55
T-3065 -0.09 9.26 0.49 9.83 15.55
T-3067 -0.04 9.26 0.49 9.78 15.55
 FOC
P-3905
Service Tank
suction berth 5/P-3905 meter Atmosphere required available /P-3905
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)
T-3017 -0.14 12.02 1.00 0.58 13.73 14.90
FOC
T-3018 -0.16 12.02 1.00 0.58 13.75 14.90
P-3917

Service Tank
T-3017 -0.14 12.03 1.00 0.58 13.74 12.80
FOC
T-3018 -0.16 12.03 1.00 0.58 13.76 12.80
 FO5
P-3905
Service Tank
T-3054 -0.60 11.68 1.00 0.58 13.86 14.90
FO5
T-3055 -0.60 11.68 1.00 0.58 13.86 14.90
P-3917

Service Tank
T-3054 -0.60 11.69 1.00 0.58 13.86 12.80
FO5
T-3055 -0.60 11.69 1.00 0.58 13.86 12.80
8.4.1 Suction side
Therefore, Cavitation problem will be occurred. To adjust the problem that have to find new low level of tanks.
 FO5 (T3054/3055 to P-3905/P-3917)

Formerly Low level of tank : 0.8 m of T-3054/3055 (TOC DATUM)
Minimum operating level of tank : 3 m of T-3054/3055 (TOC DATUM)
For both of pump (P-3905/P-3917) to make sure that can have enough NPSHa. And P-3905 have enough required
head pump at this level but P-3917 did not have enough at this level.
1.) Suction side
Min Level Pressure Pressure NPSHr/ NPSHr/

Pressure Static Pressure NPSHa
of tank level loss from P-3905 P-3917
Service Tank in tank head suction
(TOC DADUM) fluid pipe
(barg) (barg) (barg) (m) (m) (m)
(m) (barg) (barg)
T-3054 0 2.5 0.19 0.86 -0.02 -0.65 3.67 3 3
FO5
T-3055 0 2.5 0.19 0.86 -0.02 -0.65 3.67 3 3
Min Level Pressure Pressure NPSHa NPSHr/ NPSHr/

Pressure Static Pressure
(TOC DADUM) fluid pipe (m) (m) (m)
(barg) (barg) (barg)
(m) (barg) (barg)
FO5 T-3054 0 3 0.24 0.86 -0.02 -0.60 4.170 3 3
T-3055 0 3 0.24 0.86 -0.02 -0.60 4.170 3 3
Min Level Pressure Pressure NPSHa NPSHr/ NPSHr/

Pressure Static Pressure
(TOC DADUM) fluid pipe (m) (m) (m)
(m) (barg) (barg)
FO5 T-3054 0 19.5 1.822 0.86 -0.02 0.98 20.68 3 3
T-3055 0 19.5 1.822 0.86 -0.02 0.98 20.68 3 3
2.) Discharge side
Pressure drop to berth 5/P-3905 Pressure drop to berth 5/P-3917
Service Tank
(barg) (barg)
T-3054 11.97 11.98
FO5
T-3055 11.97 11.98

Head Head Pump

Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure drop Pressure
Service Tank Pump available /
suction berth 5/P-3905 from meter Atmosphere
required P-3905
(barg) (barg)
FO5 T-3054 -0.65 11.97 1.00 0.77 14.38 14.904

T-3055 -0.65 11.97 1.00 0.77 14.38 14.904
Head Head Pump

required P-3905
(barg) (barg)
FO5 T-3054 -0.60 11.97 1 0.77 14.3344 14.904

T-3055 -0.60 11.97 1 0.77 14.3344 14.904
Head Head Pump

required P-3917
(barg) (barg)
FO5 T-3054 0.98 11.98 1 0.77 12.76 12.802

T-3055 0.98 11.98 1 0.77 12.76 12.802
 Benzene
Minimum operating level of tan : 11 m (TOC DATUM) of both tanks
1.) Suction side


T-7604A 0.026 10 0.79 0.07 0.00 0.75 20.46 5.50

Benzene
T-7604B 0.026 10 0.79 0.13 0.00 0.69 19.75 5.50

Benzene T-7604A 0.0257 10.5 0.832 0.07 -0.001 0.789 20.962 5.5
T-7604B 0.0257 10.5 0.832 0.13 -0.001 0.729 20.247 5.5

T-7604A 0.0257 11 0.8742 0.07 0.00 0.83 21.46 5.5
Benzene
T-7604B 0.0257 11 0.8742 0.13 0.00 0.77 20.75 5.5
2.) Discharge side

Pressure drop to berth7,8
Service Tank
(barg)
T-7604A 14.69
Benzene
T-7604B 14.69
Service Tank Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Head Pump
Head Pump
suction to berth 7/8 Atmosphere required
available (barg)
T-7604A 0.75 14.69 0.67 14.62 14.6

Benzene
T-7604B 0.69 14.69 0.67 14.68 14.6

Head Pump
available (barg)
Benzene T-7604A 0.79 14.69 0.67 14.58 14.6

T-7604B 0.73 14.69 0.67 14.64 14.6

Head Pump
available (barg)
T-7604A 0.83 14.69 0.67 14.54 14.6

Benzene
T-7604B 0.77 14.69 0.67 14.60 14.6
Formerly impellers pump: 381.0 mm Selected impellers pump: 495.3 mm (Maximum impeller of this pump)

Formerly impellers Selected impellers
Service Tank to berth7/8 required
pump 381.0 mm (barg) pump 495.3mm (barg)
(barg) (barg)
T-7604A 14.69 15.12 14.6 29.42

Benzene
T-7604B 14.69 15.18 14.6 29.42
 FOC
o Minimum operating level of T-3017/3018 (P-3917)
Formerly Low level of tank : 0.8 m of T-123/124 and 0.553 m of T-3017/3018
1.) Suction side

Pressure NPSHr/ NPSHr/
Pressure Min Level of tank Pressure Static Pressure NPSHa
loss from P-3905 P-3917
Service Tank in tank (TOC DADUM) level fluid head suction (m)
pipe (m) (m)
(barg) (m) (barg) (barg) (barg)
(barg)
FOC T-3017 0 12.5 1.16 0.17 0.00 0.99 20.70 3 3
T-3018 0 12.5 1.16 0.19 0.00 0.97 20.49 3 3

Pressure Min Level of tank Pressure Static Pressure NPSHa
Service Tank in tank (TOC DADUM) level fluid head suction (m)
pipe (m) (m)
(barg)
T-3017 0 13 1.208 0.17 0.00 1.03 21.20 3 3
FOC
T-3018 0 13 1.208 0.19 0.00 1.01 20.99 3 3
2.) Discharge side

Pressure drop to berth 5/P-3917
Service Tank
(barg)
T-3017 12.02881
FOC
T-3018 12.02881

Service Tank Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure Pressure Head Pump Head Pump
FOC T-3017 0.99 12.03 1 0.77 12.81 12.80

T-3018 0.97 12.03 1 0.77 12.83 12.80
Service Tank Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure Pressure Head Pump Head Pump
FOC T-3017 1.03 12.03 1 0.77 12.76 12.80

T-3018 1.01 12.03 1 0.77 12.78 12.80
Flow rate : 500 m3/h (FOC, FO5 and Benzene) and 1500 m3/h
(JET A-1)
Elevation : Discharge pump to atmosphere (0 m base on Mean
sea level)
Addition : 10% margin
Outlet Pressure : 0 barg
D×H Low Level

Tank No. Contents
(mm× mm) (m)
T-123 17000x18000 0.616
T-124 17000x18000 0.616
T-3017 34000x16000 0.553
T-3018 FOC,FO5 34000x16000 0.553
T-3046 35000×16000 0.553
T-3054 33000x20000 0.8
T-3055 33000x20000 0.8
T-7604A 22500x20000 2.099
Benzene
T-7604B 22500x20000 2.099
T-3062 33000x17200 1.2
T-3064 33000x17200 1.2
Jet
T-3065 33000x17200 1.2
T-3067 48000x18000 1.2
8.5 Suction Side
 Benzene
(barg) (m) (m)
T-7604A 0.03 0.13 0.07 0.00 0.08 12.56 5.50
Benzene
T-7604B 0.03 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.02 11.84 5.50
 JET A-1
Pressure Pressure level Pressure loss Pressure
in tank fluid from pipe suction
(barg) (m) (m)
T-3062 0 0.06 0.08 -0.01 -0.01 12.17 4.00
T-3064 0 0.05 0.14 0.00 -0.09 11.19 4.00
Jet
T-3065 0 0.05 0.14 0.00 -0.09 11.19 4.00
T-3067 0 0.06 0.10 -0.01 -0.04 11.82 4.00
 FOC
(barg)
T-123 0 0.018 0.07 -0.083 0.03 10.73 4.57 3.00
T-124 0 0.018 0.26 -0.102 -0.14 8.95 4.57 3.00
T-3017 0 0.015 0.17 0.005 -0.16 8.75 4.57 3.00
FOC T-3018 0 0.015 0.19 0.005 -0.18 8.54 4.57 3.00
T-3054 0 0.029 0.89 -0.022 -0.84 1.66 4.57 3.00
T-3055 0 0.029 0.89 -0.022 -0.84 1.66 4.57 3.00
 FO5
(barg)
T-123 0 0.018 0.07 -0.083 0.03 10.73 4.57 3.00
T-124 0 0.018 0.25 -0.102 -0.13 9.05 4.57 3.00
T-3017 0 0.015 0.16 0.005 -0.15 8.86 4.57 3.00
FO5
T-3018 0 0.015 0.19 0.005 -0.18 8.54 4.57 3.00
T-3054 0 0.029 0.86 -0.022 -0.81 1.97 4.57 3.00
T-3055 0 0.029 0.86 -0.022 -0.81 1.97 4.57 3.00
9.2 Discharge Side
 Benzene
(barg)
T-7604A 14.944
Benzene
T-7604B 14.944
 JET A-1
(barg)
JET A-1 T-3062 9.48
T-3064 9.48
T-3065 9.48
T-3067 9.48
 FOC
P-3905 (barg) P-3917 (barg)
T-123 12.31 12.32
T-124 12.31 12.32
FOC T-3017 12.31 12.32
T-3018 12.31 12.32
T-3054 12.31 12.32
T-3055 12.31 12.32
 FO5
P-3905 (barg) P-3917 (barg)
T-123 11.97 11.98
T-124 11.97 11.98
FO5
T-3017 11.97 11.98
T-3018 11.97 11.98
T-3054 11.97 11.98
T-3055 11.97 11.98
 Benzene
Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Head Pump Head Pump Head pump
Service Tank
suction to berth7/8 Atmosphere required required available
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)+10% (barg
T-7604A 0.08 14.94 0.00 14.86 16.35 14.6
Benzene
T-7604B 0.02 14.94 0.00 14.92 16.41 14.6
 JET A-1
Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Head Pump Head Pump Head pump
Service Tank
suction to berth7/8 Atmosphere required required available
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)+10% (barg
T-3062 -0.01 9.48 0 9.49 10.44 15.55
Jet A-1 T-3064 -0.09 9.48 0 9.57 10.53 15.55
T-3065 -0.09 9.48 0 9.57 10.53 15.55
T-3067 -0.04 9.48 0 9.52 10.47 15.55
 FOC
P-3905
Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure Head Pump Head Pump Head Pump
Service Tank
suction berth 5/P-3905 Atmosphere required required available /P-3905
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)+10% (barg)
T-123 0.03 12.31 0.00 12.28 13.51 14.90
T-124 -0.14 12.31 0.00 12.45 13.69 14.90
FOC T-3017 -0.16 12.31 0.00 12.47 13.72 14.90
T-3018 -0.18 12.31 0.00 12.49 13.74 14.90
T-3054 -0.84 12.31 0.00 13.15 14.46 14.90
T-3055 -0.84 12.31 0.00 13.15 14.46 14.90
P-3917
Service Tank
T-123 0.03 12.32 0.00 12.29 13.51 12.80
T-124 -0.14 12.32 0.00 12.46 13.70 12.80
FOC T-3017 -0.16 12.32 0.00 12.48 13.72 12.80
T-3018 -0.18 12.32 0.00 12.50 13.75 12.80
T-3054 -0.84 12.32 0.00 13.16 14.47 12.80
T-3055 -0.84 12.32 0.00 13.16 14.47 12.80
 FO5
P-3905
Service Tank
T-123 0.03 11.97 0.00 11.94 13.13 14.90
T-124 -0.13 11.97 0.00 12.10 13.31 14.90
FO5 T-3017 -0.15 11.97 0.00 12.12 13.33 14.90
T-3018 -0.18 11.97 0.00 12.15 13.36 14.90
T-3054 -0.81 11.97 0.00 12.78 14.06 14.90
T-3055 -0.81 11.97 0.00 12.78 14.06 14.90
P-3917
Service Tank
FO5 T-123 0.03 11.98 0.00 11.95 13.14 12.80
T-124 -0.13 11.98 0.00 12.11 13.32 12.80
T-3017 -0.15 11.98 0.00 12.13 13.34 12.80
T-3018 -0.18 11.98 0.00 12.16 13.37 12.80
T-3054 -0.81 11.98 0.00 12.79 14.06 12.80
T-3055 -0.81 11.98 0.00 12.79 14.06 12.80
As available FO5’ pump and FOC’s pump (P-3905 and P-3917 from T-3054/3055) are not sufficient for NPSHa
because NPSHa less than NPSHr+1.Cavitation problem will be occurred, So There is a way to adjusted, which is
control minimum operating level of tanks. And available FO5’ pump and FOC’s pump (P-3917 from all tanks) and
benzene’s pump are not sufficient for required pump. To adjusted the problem. We have to find out the minimum
operating level of all tanks.
9.4.1 Suction side

Therefore, Cavitation problem will be occurred. To adjust the problem that have to find new low level of
tanks.
 FO5 (T3054/3055 to P-3905)

Formerly Low level of tank : 0.8m of T-3054/3055 (TOC DATUM)
Minimum operating level of tank : 4.5 m of T-3054/3055 (TOC DATUM) For P-3905
(A new low level alarm is 4.5 m)
1.) Suction side
Min Level Pressure NPSHr/ NPSHr/

Pressure Pressure Static Pressure NPSHa
of tank loss from P-3905 P-3917
Service Tank in tank level fluid head suction (m)
(TOC DADUM) pipe (m) (m)
(m) (barg)
FO5 T-3054 0 5 0.43 0.86 -0.02 -0.41 6.17 4.57 3

T-3055 0 5 0.43 0.86 -0.02 -0.41 6.17 4.57 3

(m) (barg)
FO5 T-3054 0 4.5 0.38 0.86 -0.02 -0.45 5.67 4.57 3
T-3055 0 4.5 0.38 0.86 -0.02 -0.45 5.67 4.57 3
2.) Discharge side
 FO5
(barg)
T-123 11.9692
T-124 11.9692
FO5 T-3017 11.9692
T-3018 11.9692
T-3054 11.9692
T-3055 11.9692

Service Tank
suction berth 5/P-3905 Atmosphere required required available /
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)+10% P-3905 (barg)
FO5 T-3054 -0.41 11.97 0.00 12.38 13.61 14.904

T-3055 -0.41 11.97 0.00 12.38 13.61 14.904
Service Tank
FO5 T-3054 -0.45 11.97 0.00 12.42 13.67 14.904

T-3055 -0.45 11.97 0.00 12.42 13.67 14.904
 FO5 (T3054/3055 to P-3917)

For P-3917 (a new low level alarm is 3 m)
1.) Suction side
Min. operating level of tank: 3m
(m) (barg)
FO5 T-3054 0 3 0.24 0.86 -0.02 -0.60 4.170 4.57 3

T-3055 0 3 0.24 0.86 -0.02 -0.60 4.170 4.57 3

(m) (barg)
T-3054 0 13 1.20 0.86 -0.02 0.36 14.17 4.57 3
FO5
T-3055 0 13 1.20 0.86 -0.02 0.36 14.17 4.57 3
2.) Discharge side

 FO5
(barg)
T-123 11.9764
T-124 11.9764
FO5 T-3017 11.9764
T-3018 11.9764
T-3054 11.9764
T-3055 11.9764
Service Tank
T-3054 -0.60 11.98 0.00 12.57 13.83 12.802

FO5
T-3055 -0.60 11.98 0.00 12.57 13.83 12.802

Service Tank
T-3054 0.36 11.98 0.00 11.62 12.78 12.802

FO5
T-3055 0.36 11.98 0.00 11.62 12.78 12.802
 FOC (T3054/3055 to P-3905)
For P-3905. (A new low level alarm is 5 m)
1.) Suction side

Pressure in Min Level of Pressure Static Pressure NPSHa
Service Tank tank tank(TOC level fluid head suction (m)
pipe (m) (m)
(barg) DADUM)(m) (barg) (barg) (barg)
(barg)
FOC T-3054 0 4.5 0.38 0.89 -0.02 -0.48 5.36 4.57 3
T-3055 0 4.5 0.38 0.89 -0.02 -0.48 5.36 4.57 3

Pressure in Min Level of Pressure Static Pressure NPSHa
Service Tank tank tank(TOC level fluid head suction (m)
pipe (m) (m)
(barg) DADUM)(m) (barg) (barg) (barg)
(barg)
FOC T-3054 0 5 0.43 0.89 -0.02 -0.44 5.86 4.57 3
T-3055 0 5 0.43 0.89 -0.02 -0.44 5.86 4.57 3
2.) Discharge side

 FOC

(barg)
T-123 12.3092
T-124 12.3092
FOC
T-3017 12.3092
T-3018 12.3092
T-3054 12.3092
T-3055 12.3092
P-3905
Service Tank Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure Head Pump Head Pump Head Pump
T-3054 -0.48 12.31 0.00 12.79 14.07 14.904

FOC
T-3055 -0.48 12.31 0.00 12.79 14.07 14.904

Service Tank Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure Head Pump Head Pump Head Pump
FOC T-3054 -0.44 12.31 0.00 12.75 14.02 14.904

T-3055 -0.44 12.31 0.00 12.75 14.02 14.904
 FOC (T3054/3055 to P-3917)
o Minimum level of FOC’s tank
For P-3917 (a new low level alarm is 3.5 m)
1.) Suction side
Min. operating level of tank: 3.5m

Service Tank in tank head suction (m)
(TOC DADUM) fluid pipe (m) (m)
(m) (barg) (barg)
T-3054 0 3.5 0.29 0.89 -0.02 -0.58 4.36 4.57 3
FOC
T-3055 0 3.5 0.29 0.89 -0.02 -0.58 4.36 4.57 3

Service Tank in tank head suction (m)
(TOC DADUM) fluid pipe (m) (m)
(m) (barg) (barg)
T-3054 0 17 1.58 0.89 -0.02 0.71 17.86 4.57 3
FOC
T-3055 0 17 1.58 0.89 -0.02 0.71 17.86 4.57 3
2.) Discharge side
 FOC

(barg)
T-123 12.3164
T-124 12.3164
FO5 T-3017 12.3164
T-3018 12.3164
T-3054 12.3164
T-3055 12.3164

P-3917

Pressure Pressure Head Pump Head Pump
Service Tank to berth 5/ available /
suction Atmosphere required required
P-3917 P-3917
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)+10%
(barg) (barg)
FOC T-3054 -0.58 12.32 0.00 12.90 14.19 12.802

T-3055 -0.58 12.32 0.00 12.90 14.19 12.802
Pressure Pressure Head Pump Head Pump
Service Tank to berth 5/ available /
suction Atmosphere required required
P-3917 P-3917
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)+10%
(barg) (barg)
FOC T-3054 0.71 12.32 0.00 11.60 12.76 12.80

T-3055 0.71 12.32 0.00 11.60 12.76 12.80
9.4.2 Head pump requirement
 FOC
o Minimum operating level of T-123/124/3017/3018 (P-3917)
Minimum operating level of tanks : 9.5 m of all tanks
1.) Suction side
Pressure NPSHr/
Pressure in Min Level of tank Pressure loss Static Pressure NPSHa
level P-3917
Service Tank tank (TOC DADUM) from pipe head suction (m)
fluid (m)
(barg)
T-123 0 7 0.63 0.07 -0.08 0.64 17.11 3
T-124 0 7 0.63 0.26 -0.10 0.47 15.33 3
FOC T-3017 0 7 0.63 0.17 0.00 0.46 15.20 3
T-3018 0 7 0.63 0.19 0.00 0.44 14.99 3

Pressure NPSHr/
Pressure in Min Level of tank Pressure loss Static Pressure NPSHa
level P-3917
Service Tank tank (TOC DADUM) from pipe head suction (m)
fluid (m)
(barg)
T-123 0 9.5 0.87 0.07 -0.08 0.88 19.62 3
T-124 0 9.5 0.87 0.26 -0.10 0.71 17.83 3
FOC
T-3017 0 9.5 0.87 0.17 0.00 0.70 17.70 3
T-3018 0 9.5 0.87 0.19 0.00 0.68 17.49 3
2.) Discharge side

(barg)
T-123 12.3164
T-124 12.3164
FOC
T-3017 12.3164
T-3018 12.3164

Service Tank
T-123 0.64 12.32 0.00 11.67 12.84 12.80

FOC T-124 0.47 12.32 0.00 11.84 13.03 12.80
T-3017 0.46 12.32 0.00 11.86 13.04 12.80
T-3018 0.44 12.32 0.00 11.88 13.07 12.80
Service Tank
T-123 0.88 12.32 0.00 11.43 12.58 12.80

FOC T-124 0.71 12.32 0.00 11.61 12.77 12.80
T-3017 0.70 12.32 0.00 11.62 12.78 12.80
T-3018 0.68 12.32 0.00 11.64 12.80 12.80
 FO5
o Minimum operating level of T-123/124/3017/3018 (P-3917)

1.) Suction side
Min Level Pressure NPSHr/
Pressure Pressure Pressure NPSHa
of tank loss from Static head P-3917
Service Tank in tank level fluid suction (m)
(TOC DADUM) pipe (barg) (m)
(m) (barg)
T-123 0 6 0.53 0.07 -0.08 0.55 16.11 3
T-124 0 6 0.53 0.25 -0.10 0.39 14.44 3
FO5
T-3017 0 6 0.54 0.16 0.00 0.37 14.30 3
T-3018 0 6 0.54 0.19 0.00 0.34 13.99 3
2.) Discharge side

(barg)
T-123 11.9764
T-124 11.9764
FO5
T-3017 11.9764
T-3018 11.9764

Service Tank
suction berth 5/P-3917 Atmosphere required require available /
T-123 0.55 11.98 0.00 11.43 12.57 12.80

FO5 T-124 0.39 11.98 0.00 11.59 12.75 12.80
T-3017 0.37 11.98 0.00 11.60 12.76 12.80
T-3018 0.34 11.98 0.00 11.63 12.80 12.80
o Change the size of impeller pump (P-3917)
Formerly impellers pump : - mm
Selected impellers pump : 376 mm
Pressure drop to Head Pump Formerly impellers Selected impellers

Service Tank berth7,8 required+10% pump - mm pump 376mm
(bar) (bar) (bar) (bar)
T-123 12.31 13.51 12.802 17.45
FOC T-124 12.31 13.70 12.802 17.45
T-3017 12.31 13.72 12.802 17.45
T-3018 12.31 13.75 12.802 17.45
T-3054 12.31 14.47 12.802 17.45
T-3055 12.31 14.47 12.802 17.45
T-123 11.9764 13.14 12.802 17.45
FO5 T-124 11.9764 13.32 12.802 17.45
T-3017 11.9764 13.34 12.802 17.45
T-3018 11.9764 13.37 12.802 17.45
T-3054 11.9764 14.06 12.802 17.45
T-3055 11.9764 14.06 12.802 17.45
 Benzene
Minimum operating level of tank : There are no minimum operating level for benzene’s tanks.
So the best way should change impeller pump or pump.
1.) Suction side

Pressure
Pressure Min Level of tank Pressure Pressure NPSHa NPSHr
Service Tank loss from Static head
in tank (TOC DATUM) level fluid suction (m) (m)
pipe (barg)
(barg) (m) (barg) (barg)
(barg)
Benzene T-7604A 0.0257 17 1.37 0.07 -0.00126 1.33 27.46 5.5
T-7604B 0.0257 17 1.37 0.13 -0.00126 1.27 26.74 5.5

Pressure
pipe (barg)
(barg)
T-7604A 0.0257 17.6 1.428 0.07 -0.00126 1.38 28.06 5.5
Benzene
T-7604B 0.0257 17.6 1.428 0.13 -0.00126 1.32 27.35 5.5
Pressure
pipe (barg)
(barg)
Benzene T-7604A 0.0257 19 1.546 0.07 -0.0012 1.50 29.464 5.5
T-7604B 0.0257 19 1.546 0.13 -0.0012 1.44 28.750 5.5
2.) Discharge side

(barg)
T-7604A 14.944
Benzene
T-7604B 14.944

Service Tank Head Pump
required (barg)
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)+10% (barg)
T-7604A 1.34 14.944 0 13.608 14.969 14.6

Benzene
T-7604B 1.28 14.944 0 13.668 15.035 14.6
Service Tank Head Pump
required (barg)
(barg) (barg) (barg) (barg)+10% (barg)
T-7604A 1.39 14.944 0 13.558 14.914 14.6

Benzene
T-7604B 1.33 14.944 0 13.618 14.980 14.6

Formerly impellers pump : 381.0 mm
Selected impellers pump : 495.3 mm (Maximum impeller of this pump)
Pressure drop Head Pump Formerly impellers Selected impellers

Service Tank to berth7/8 required+10% pump 381.0 mm pump 495.3mm
T-7604A 14.944 16.35 14.6 29.42
Benzene
T-7604B 14.944 16.41 14.6 29.42

Hydraulic Calculation of Pipelines Report

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Hydraulic Calculation of Pipelines Report

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Hydraulic calculation of pipelines

for jetty 7/8 project

Miss Kanokwan Jaruek (TU)

Students of Project Based Internship Program June-July 2017

Thai Oil Public Company Limited

 Director : K.Ed de Saegher

We are very appreciated to be trainee at THAIOIL. Special thanks

Objective and Theory

3.2 Friction factor ( 𝒇 )

Where is Re : Reynolds number

In the ‘‘fully turbulent’’ region, f is independent of Re, so the Colebrook

Figure 1: Moody Diagram

3.3 Local Head Losses

2 Friction Losses in pipe and fittings hL = hloss,major + hloss,minor

(P1 −P2 ) v2 2 −v1 2

1. The determination of the problem, which includes:

Table 3 Properties of each product.

Available head Required head

× Increase tank level = 11 m

T-3062 P-3130B/C 15.5 9.75 -

T-3064 P-3130B/C 15.5 9.83 -

T-3067 P-3130B/C 15.5 9.78 -

Service Tanks Pumps Available head Required head Recommendations

T-3017 P-3905 14.90 11.73 -

T-3018 P-3905 14.90 11.75 -

FOC T-3017 P-3917 12.80 11.74 -

T-3018 P-3917 12.80 11.76 -

T-3054 P-3905 14.90 13.97 -

T-3055 P-3905 14.90 13.97 -

T-108 P-6254 5.296 1.30 -

T-104 P-6254 5.296 1.30 -

Conclusions & Recommendation

D×H Low Level

Pressure Pressure Pressure loss Pressure

Pressure Pressure level Pressure loss Pressure

Pressure Pressure loss Static Pressure NPSHa NPSHr/ NPSHr/

Pressure Pressure loss Pressure NPSHa NPSHr/ NPSHr/

Service Tank Pressure drop to berth 7/8

Service Tank Pressure drop to berth7/8

Service Tank Pressure drop to berth 5/ Pressure drop to berth 5/

Service Tank Pressure drop to berth 5/ Pressure drop to berth 5/

FO5 T-3054 8.72 8.73

Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Head Pump

Pressure Pressure drop to Pressure Head Pump

Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Pressure Head Pump Head Pump

Pressure Pressure drop Pressure Pressure Head Pump Head Pump

If NPSHa < NPSHr + 1

 FO5 (T3054/3055 to P-3905/P-3917)

1.) Suction side

Pressure Pressure Pressure Static Pressure NPSHr/ NPSHr/

Min. operating level of tank: 13 m (P-3917)

3.) Head pump requirement

Min. operating level of tank: 1.5 m (P-3905)

FO5 T-3054 -0.60 8.72 4.00 0.58 13.90 14.904

T-3055 -0.60 8.72 4.00 0.58 13.90 14.904

Min. operating level of tank: 10 m

Pressure Pressure Pressure loss Static Pressure

T-7604A 0.026 10 0.79 0.07 0.00 0.75 20.46 5.50

Min. operating level of tank: 10.5 m

Pressure Pressure Pressure loss Static Pressure

2.) Discharge side

Service Tank Pressure drop to berth7,8

3.) Head pump requirement.