Power Converters Simulation Lab Manual

Power Converters Simulation Lab Manual
List of Experiments:
1. Single phase fully controlled converter using RL & RLE loads.
2. Three phase full converter using RL & RLE loads.
3. Single phase AC voltage controller Using RL load.
4. Three phase Inverter with PWM Controller.
5. DC-DC converter.
6. Modeling of Separately excited DC motor.
7. Write a program and simulate dynamical system of following models.

a) I/O Model.
b) State variable Model.
8. Obtain frequency response of a given system by using various methods.

a) General Method of finding frequency domain specifications.
b) Polar Plot
c) Bode plot.
Also obtain Gain Margin & Phase Margin for the above.
9. Design a compensator for a given system for required specifications.
10. Develop a program to solve Swing Equation.

G.N.I.T.S EEE DEPARTMENT
POWER CONVERTERS SIMULATION LAB (PG)
Experiment No :1 Class: M.Tech(PEED), I Sem A.Y:2015-2016
SINGLE PHASE FULL CONVERTER
AIM:Simulate a single phase full converter with R,RL&RLE loads to find out
theoutput voltageand extinction angle using MATLAB software.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
2
THEORY AND OPERATION:
Rectification is a process of converting an alternating voltage or

current into a direct voltage or current.The fully controlled converter uses
thyristors,as the rectifying elements and the dc output voltage is a function
of supply voltage and firing angle of thyristors.With a fully controlled
converter it is possible, by controllingthe firing angle, to allow power to be
transferred from dc side of the rectifier back into the ac system.Therefore,
fully controlled converter is referred to as bi-directional converter.
OPERATION WITH RESISTIVE LOAD:
During the first positive half cycle, SCRs T1 and T4 are forward
biased and if they are triggered simultaneously at an angle , the current
flows through the load.When the supply voltage falls to zero, current also
goes to zero and hence T1 and T4turns off by natural commutation.During
the negative half cycle, T2 and T3are forward biased and if they are
triggered simultaneously, current flows through the load in the same
direction as explained before.
OPERATION WITH R-L LOAD:
During the positive half cycle, when thyristor and thyristor1 are
forward biased and if they are triggered simultaneously at an angle , the
current flows through the load.At instant , voltagereverses, but the current
is maintained in the same direction due to the presence of inductance,which
keeps the SCRs T1 and T4in conducting state, and hence the negative
supply voltage will appear across the load till T2 and T3are triggered.During
the negative half cycle, the SCRs T2 and T3are forward biased and are
triggered simultaneously at + and then current flows through the load in
the same direction as explained before.As there is a negative voltage applied
across the SCRS T1 and T4, they are reverse biased and gets turned off
when the current becomes zero or commutated.
3
OPERATION WITH R-L-E LOAD:
Between t=0 and t = , SCRs T1 and T4are forward biased and

are triggered simultaneously at ,hence they get turned on. These thyristors
conduct from to +, forward biased SCRs T1 and T4are triggered.The
supply voltage turns off T1 and T4by natural commutation and the load
current is transferred from thyristor,thyristor1 to T2 and T3.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:
1. To start Simulink click on the Simulink button on the MATLAB tool

box (the library browser will be displayed)
2. Click on new button on the library browsers tool bar (an untitled
blank window will appear).
3. Model the circuit by planning all its blocks from its corresponding
library/tool box which is clearly shown in the table.
4. Circuit elements are organised by right clicking on the block.
5. Click on series RLC branch to get any one of the element i.e.,R,L,C
which is required.
6. To change the circuit parameters applicable to the block by double
clicking on the block/element and type the values. Keep the values
default for some blocks like thyristor,diode,Mosfet etc.,
7. To measure the voltage that passes through the electrical devices.
Connect voltage measurement block reset with the electrical block.
8. To observe the waveform in figure window scope block is connected
with voltage measurement.This scope block is available by clicking on
library browser.
9. To run the simulation,select simulation and then start.
4
CALCULATIONS:
The average output voltage,

(1+cos )
= 2 --R Load

(cos )
= 22 --R-L Load

(Continuous current mode)
(cos cos )
= 2 -- R-L Load

(Dis-continuous current mode)
(cos )
= 22 -- R-L-E Load

(Continuous current mode)
{(cos cos )+(+)}

= 2 -- R-L-E Load

(Dis-continuous current mode)

The extiction angle found by
sin( ) = sin( ) ()/ --R-L Load
E
2 sin = (R) {() (2 } . ()
Z
--R-L-E Load
5
SIMULATION RESULTS:
Values of the Parameters Calculated Simulated

S.No
Vrms(v) R() L(mH) E(V) Edc(v) Edc(v)
1 230 10 60 0 70
2 230 10 60 0 70
3 230 10 60 0 62
5 220 0.06 0.85 87.31 60
5 220 0.06 0.85 87.1 51.6
6 220 0.06 0.85 60 60
OUTPUT WAVEFORMS:
FIG-1: R-LOAD AT =70 FIG-2: RL LOAD AT =70
FIG-3: RL LOAD AT =62 FIG-4: RLE DISCONTINUOS LOAD AT =60
6
FIG-5: RLE CONTINUOUS LOAD AT =51.6 FIG-6: RLE LOAD AT =60
RESULT:
The model of single phase full converter with R,RL,RLE load is

created and simulated using MATLAB, corresponding waveforms at
different firing angles and loads are observed simultaneously.
Faculty In-charge HOD-EEE
7
THREE PHASE FULL CONVERTER
AIM:Simulate a Three phase full converter with R & RL loads & find out the
output voltageusing MATLAB software.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
signal rms
Continuous
powergui Irms
i
+ i
- +
Gate pulse -
In Mean
Iavg
k
k
m
T1 T3 T5 m
g
A signal rms
+
Vrms
v
-
R = 10 ohm
In Mean
V1 V2 V3
B
Vavg
k
k
m
T4 T6 T2
g
415 V, 50 Hz
Three phase supply
+
v
-
+
v
-
+
v
-
8
The 3- power circuit shown in the circuit diagram works as an 3-

AC to DC converter for firing angle delay 0<90 and as 3- Line
commutated inverter for 0<180.
The sequence of getting 6 SCRs is 1,2,3,4,5,6 and for =0,T1T2T6

behave like diodes, T1 is triggered at t=30; T2 at =90; T3 at =150 and
so on.The intervals between the SCRs are fixed at an interval at 120 and
negative group SCRs are also fixed at the same interval i.e., 120.
Amongst them at any instant 2 SCRs from each group must
conduct.Initially T1 and T6 will be in operation as they are connected to A &
B terminals,Vab appears across the load.When T2 is triggered,T6 is
commutated as T1& T2 are connected to A & C terminals, Vab appears
across the load.This sequence is followed for continuous triggering of
SCRs.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:
1. To start Simulink click on the Simulink button on the MATLAB

tool box (the library browser will be displayed)
2. Click on new button on the library browsers tool bar (an untitled
3. Model the circuit by planning all its blocks from irs corresponding
library/tool box which is clearly shown in the table.
4. Circuit elements are organised by right clicking on the block.
5. Click on series RLC branch to get any one of the element i.e.,R,L,C
which is required.
6. To change the circuit parameters applicable to the block by double
clicking on the block/element and type the values. Keep the values
default for some blocks like thyristor,diode, MOSFET etc.,
7. To measure the voltage that passes through the electrical devices.
Connect voltage measurement block reset with the electrical block.
8. To observe the waveform in figure window scope block is connected
with voltage measurement.This scope block is available by clicking
on library browser.
9
TABULAR COLUMN FOR SWITCHING:
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
0 30 90 150 210 270 330
30 60 120 180 240 300 360
60 90 150 210 270 330 390(30)
72 102 162 220 282 342 402(12)
R-LOAD:
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Vo Calculated Vo Simulated
0 1.67 5 8.33 11.67 15 18.33 280

30 3.33 6.67 10 13.33 16.67 20 23.8
60 5 8.33 11.67 15 18.33 21.6 10.3
72 5.67 9.01 12.35 15.69 19.03 22.37 86.73
R-L LOAD:
S.NO. Vo Calculated Vo Simulated

1 0 280
2 30 23.09
3 60 10.3
10
THEORETICAL CALCULATIONS:
For any ,
33 cos
= for R & R-L Loads

OUTPUT WAVEFORMS:
FIG-1: R-LOAD AT =0
FIG-2: R-LOAD AT =30
11
FIG-3: R-LOAD AT =60
FIG-5: R-L LOAD AT =30
12
FIG-6: R-L LOAD AT=60
RESULT:
The model of three phase full converter with R &RL load is created and
simulated using MATLAB, corresponding waveforms at different firing angles
and loads are observed simultaneously.
13
SINGLE PHASE AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLER
AIM:Simulate single phase AC voltage controller with R &RL load usig matlab
software.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
AC voltage controllers (ac line voltage controllers) are employed to vary

the RMS value of the alternating voltage applied to a load circuit by introducing
Thyristors between the load and a constant voltage ac source. The RMS value of
alternating voltage applied to a load circuit is controlled by controlling the
triggering angle of the Thyristors in the ac voltage controller circuits.
In phase control the Thyristors are used as switches to connect the load
circuit to the input ac supply, for a part of every input cycle. That is the ac supply
voltage is chopped using Thyristors during a part of each input cycle.
14
The thyristor switch is turned on for a part of every half cycle, so that
input supply voltage appears across the load and then turned off during the
remaining part of input half cycle to disconnect the ac supply from the load.
OUTPUT WAVEFORMS:
RESULT:
Single phase ac voltage controller is simulated and corresponding waveforms

are observed.
15
THREE PHASE INVERTER WITH PWM CONTROL
AIM: Simulate a Three phase inverter with pwm control and sketchthe output waveforms.
SOFTWARE USED:MATLAB.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :
16
SUBSYSTEM
Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a

modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although
this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its
main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices,
especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two
principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being
MPPT.
The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by
turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer
the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to
the load.
The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would
affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant
waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. The term duty
cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of
17
time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for
most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.
The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices
is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is
on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop
across the switch.
OUTPUT WAVEFORMS:
18
RESULT:
Three Phase Inverter With Pwm Control is simulated and waveforms are observed.
19
DC-DC CONVERTER
AIM:Simulate DC-DC converter and sketchthe output waveforms.
SOFTWARE USED:MATLAB.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
20
The Buck Converter is used in SMPS circuits where the DC output voltage needs
to be lower than the DC input voltage. The DC input can be derived from rectified AC or
from any DC supply.The buck Converter circuit consists of the switching transistor,
together with the flywheel circuit (Dl, L1 and C1). While the transistor is on, current is
flowing through the load via the inductor L1. The action of any inductor opposes changes
in current flow and also acts as a store of energy. In this case the switching transistor
output is prevented from increasing immediately to its peak value as the inductor stores
energy taken from the increasing output; this stored energy is later released back into the
circuit as a back e.m.f. as current from the switching transistor is rapidly switched off.
When the switching transistor is switched on, it is supplying the load with current.
Initially current flow to the load is restricted as energy is also being stored in L1,
therefore the current in the load and the charge on C1 builds up gradually during the on
period. Notice that throughout the on period, there will be a large positive voltage on D1
cathode and so the diode will be reverse biased and therefore play no part in the action.
When the transistor switches off, the energy stored in the magnetic field around
L1 is released back into the circuit. The voltage across the inductor (the back e.m.f.) is
now in reverse polarity to the voltage across L1 during the on period, and sufficient
stored energy is available in the collapsing magnetic field to keep current flowing for at
least part of the time the transistor switch is open. The back e.m.f. from L1 now causes
current to flow around the circuit via the load and D1, which is now forward biased.
21
OUTPUT WAVEFORMS:
RESULT:
DC-DC converter is simulated and waveforms are observed.
22
MODELLING OF SEPERATLY EXCITED DC MOTOR
AIM: -
To built the Simulink model of D.C. motor and to verify the speed and
torque characteristics for different values of voltage.
CIRUIT DIAGRAM:
THEORY: -
For D.C. motor model
The air gap flux is proportional to field current
= Kf If
The torque Tm developed by the motor is proportional to the product of the

armature current and air gap flux.
Tm =k i k f i f i a
For armature controlled dc motor the field current is kept constant, so
Tm =km i a (1)
Where km is torque constant
The motor back emf being proportional to speed is given as
Vb = K b w (2)
Where K b is back emf constant.
The differential equation of armature circuit
23
dia
La +Ra ia + vb = va (3)
dt
The torque equation is
d 2 d
J 2
+B = Tm
dt dt
Talking lap lace transforms of equation 1, 2, 3 assuming zero
Initial conditions we get
Vb(s) = kb w (s) (4)
(Las + ra ) Ia (s) = Va (s) Vb (s) (5)
(js + B ) w (s) = Tm (s) (6)
From equations 4, 5, 6 the system transfer function
w( s) KM
Is =
va( s) ( Ra SLa )( JS B) K m K B )
PROCEDURE: -
1. To start simulink click on simulink button on the MATLAB tool box

(the library browser will be displayed)
2. Click the new button on the library browsers tool bar (an untitled
3. Open the source library and drag the step input block to your
window. Double click on this block to the dialogue box. set the step
time to 100 and set the initial value and final value to 1 to
represent unit step in input.
4. Open the continuous library and drag the transfer function block
to your right of step input box block. Enter the numerator and
denominator coefficients.
5. Open the sinks library and drag the scope block to the right of
transfer function block.
6. Using the left mouse button, click and drag from the step out put
port to transfer function input port to connect them. Repeat the
same to connect transfer function and scope blocks.
24
7. Putt down simulation menu bar and select parameters set the
parameters as below
Start time 0
Stop time 20
Maximum step size 0.1
Minimum step size 0.01
Initial step size 0.01 and leave other parameter values at their
default values. Press o.k. to close the dialog box.
1. Save your model.

2. Start the simulation by once again pulling down the
simulation dialog box.
3. Double click on the auto scale icon (the response curve will be
displayed).
OBSERVATION: -
S NO Va (v) W (rad/sec) N (rpm)
OUTPUT WAVEFORM:
25
RESULT: -
The speed for different values of voltage is simulated with the

simulink model of D.C.motor.
Faculty-Incharge HOD-EEE
26
TRANSFER FUNCTIOIN OF STATIC VARIABLE MODEL
AIM:
Write aprogram and Simulate the given model and representing its I-O
model,State variable method and to observe the time domain specifications of
each model, for a given transfer function.
2 3 + 7 2 + 12 + 8
8 3 + 6 2 + 11 + 9
SOFTWARE USED:MATLAB
PROGRAMS:
Transfer function to state space model
clc;clear all;close all;

a = [2 7 12 8];
b = [1 6 11 9];
c = tf(a,b);
[A,B,C,D]= tf2ss(a,b);
disp(A);
disp(B);
disp(C);
disp(D);
State space model to transfer function
clc;clear all;close all;

A = [0 1 0;0 0 1;-9 -11 -6];
B = [0 0 1]';
C = [-10 -10 -5];
D = [2];
[b a] = ss2tf(A,B,C,D);
x =tf(b,a);
%%disp(x);
stepinfo(x);
27
THEORY:
Transformation: Transfer Function State Space
Two of the most powerful (and common) ways to represent system are the
transfer function form and the state space form. This page describes how to
transform a transfer function to a state space representation, and vice
versa. Converting from state space form to a transfer function is straightforward
because the transfer function form is unique. Converting from transfer function to
state space is more involved, largely because there are many state space forms to
describe a system.
STATE SPACE TO TRANSFER FUNCTION
Consider the state space system:
Now, take the Laplace Transform (with zero initial conditions since we are
finding a transfer function):
We want to solve for the ratio of Y(s) to U(s), so we need so remove Q(s) from
the output equation. We start by solving the state equation for Q(s)
The matrix (s) is called the state transition matrix. Now we put this into the
output equation
28
Now we can solve for the transfer function:
Note that although there are many state space representations of a given
system, all of those representations will result in the same transfer function (i.e.,
the transfer function of a system is unique; the state space representation is not).
TRANSFER FUNCTION TO STATE SPACE MODEL
STATE SPACE MODELS OF SYSTEMS ARE NOT UNIQUE; A SYSTEM HAS

MANY STATE SPACE REPRESENTATIONS.
Probably the most straightforward method for converting from the transfer
function of a system to a state space model is to generate a model in "controllable
canonical form." This term comes from Control Theory but its exact meaning is
not important to us. To see how this method of generating a state space model
works, consider the third order differential transfer function:
We start by multiplying by Z(s)/Z(s) and then solving for Y(s) and U(s) in terms
of Z(s). We also convert back to a differential equation.
We can now choose z and its first two derivatives as our state variables
29
From these results we can easily form the state space model:
For a general nth order transfer function:
the controllable canonical state space model form is
MATLAB uses a variant of the controllability canonical form in its "ss2tf"

function.
RESULT:
Transfer Function of Static Variable Modelis simulated and waveforms are observed.
30
FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS
AIM:
Write a program and simulate the given system in Nyquist,Bode ,Root Locus
plots and observe the response of each plot, for a give transfer function.
10
GH =
[(1+0.5)(1+0.05)]
SOFTWARE USED: MATLAB
THEORY:
ROOT LOCUS
Root locus analysis is a graphical method for examining how the roots of a
system change with variation of a certain system parameter, commonly a gain
within a feedback system. This is a technique used as a stability criterion in the
field of control systems developed by Walter R. Evans which can determine
stability of the system. The root locus plots the poles of the closed loop transfer
function in the complex S plane as a function of a gain parameter. In addition to
determining the stability of the system, the root locus can be used to design the
damping ratio () and natural frequency (n) of a feedback system.
PROGRAM:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
s = tf('s');
GH = 10/(s*(1+0.5*s)*(1+0.05*s));
rlocus(GH);
grid on;
BODE PLOT
A Bode plot is a graph of the frequency response of a system. It is usually
a combination of a Bode magnitude plot, expressing the magnitude (usually in
decibels) of the frequency response, and a Bode phase plot, expressing the phase
shift. Both quantities are plotted against a horizontal axis proportional to the
logarithm of frequency.
31
1. Gain Margin:
Greater will the gain margin greater will be the stability of the
system. It refers to the amount of gain, which can be increased or
decreased without making the system unstable. It is usually expressed in
dB.
2. Phase Margin:
Greater will the phase margin greater will be the stability of the
system. It refers to the phase which can be increased or decreased without
making the system unstable. It is usually expressed in phase.
3.Gain Cross Over Frequency:
It refers to the frequency at which magnitude curve cuts the zero
dB axis in the bode plot.
4.Phase Cross Over Frequency:
It refers to the frequency at which phase curve cuts the negative

times the 180 degree axis in this plot.
PROGRAM:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
s = tf('s');
GH = 10/(s*(1+0.5*s)*(1+0.05*s));
bode(GH);
grid on;
[gm,pm,wcp,wcg]=margin(GH)
disp('gain margin is');
disp(gm);
disp('phase margin is');
disp(pm);
disp('gain crossover is');
disp(wcp);
disp('phase crossover is');
disp(wcg);
32
NYQUIST STABILITY CRITERIA
1. Defining the Nyquist path in the z -plane that encloses the exterior of the unit
circle. Here the region to the left of a closed path is considered to be enclosed by
that path when the direction of the path is taken anticlockwise.
2. Mapping the Nyquist path in z -plane onto the GH(z) plane which results in
Nyquist plot of GH(z).
3. Stability of the closed loop system is investigated by studying the behavior of
Nyquist plot with respect to the critical point (-1, j0) in the GH(z) plane.
PROGRAM:
clc;
clear all;
close all;
s = tf('s');
GH = 10/(s*(1+0.5*s)*(1+0.05*s));
nyquist(GH);
grid on;
[gm,pm,wcp,wcg]=margin(GH)
disp('gain margin is');
disp(gm);
disp('phase margin is');
disp(pm);
disp('gain crossover is');
disp(wcp);
disp('phase crossover is');
disp(wcg);
33
OUTPUT WAVEFORMS:
a) ROOT LOCUS PLOT
b)BODE PLOT
34
c) NYQUIST PLOT
RESULT:
Frequency Response Analysis(Nyquist,Bode ,Root Locus plots)is

simulated and waveforms are observed.
35
DESIGN OF COMPENSATOR
AIM:
To design a compensator for a given system using linear time

invariant method, SISO tool and by writing a program for the transfer
function for required specifications.
SOFTWARE USED:MATLAB
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROGRAM:
g = tf(1,[1 1 1]);
k = 6.8
z = 5.298
c = tf(k*[1 z],1)
x = feedback(c*g,1)
step(g)
%%disp(x);
step(x)
36
OUTPUT WAVE FORMS:
a) LTI METHOD:
b) STEP RESPONSE
37
c) OPEN LOOP ROOT LOCUS & BODE PLOTS
RESULT:
Compensator for a given system using linear time invariant method,

SISO toolis simulated and waveforms are observed.
38
Program to Solve Swing Equation using Point-by-Point Method
Aim:To solve the swing equation of the given problem by using Point-by-Point method and
write a MATLAB program to verify the result.
PROBLEM:
A 20 MVA, 50Hz generator delivers 18MW over a double circuit line to an infinite bus. The
generator has KE of 2.52MJ/MVA at rated speed. The generator transient reactance is
Xd=0.35p.u. Each transmission circuit has R=0 and a reactance of 0.2pu on 20 MVA Base.
|E|=1.1 p.u and infinite bus voltage V=1.0. A three phase short circuit occurs at the midpoint of
one of the transmission lines. Plot swing curves with fault cleared by simultaneous opening of
breakers at both ends of the line at 6.25 cycles after the occurrence of fault. Also plot the swing
curve over the period of 0.5 s if the fault sustained. Solve the swing equation by point-by-point
method theoretically and verify using MATLAB Program. Comment on system stability.
MATLAB PROGRAM:
Program 1: Save this part in another m-file with name swing.m

%Defining the function swing
function[time ang]=swing(tc)
k=0;v=1;E=1.1;pm=0.9;T=0.5;delT=0.05;ddelta=0;time(1)=0;ang(1)=21.64;xdf=1
.25;xaf=0.55;t=0;
delta=21.64*pi/180;i=2;
m=2.52/(180*50);
while t<T
if t<tc x=xdf;
else x=xaf; end
pmax=(E*v)/x;
pa=pm-pmax*sin(delta);
ddelta=ddelta+(delT^2*(pa/m));
delta=(delta*180/pi+ddelta)*(pi/180);
deltadeg=delta*180/pi;
t=t+delT;
39
time(i)=t;
ang(i)=deltadeg;
i=i+1;
end
end
Program 2: Main program that is dependent on swing.m

%solution of Swing equation by point-by-point method clc
clear all close
all for i=1:2
tc=input('enter the value of clearing time:\n');
[time,ang]=swing(tc)
t(:,1)=time;
a(:,i)=ang; end
plot(t,a(:,1),'*-',t,a(:,2),'d-') axis([0
0.5 0 inf])
t,a
Inputs to main program:
Enter the value of clearing time as 0.25

sec, and
5 sec
40
EXPECTED OUTPUT:
swing equation by point by point method

200
stable for 6.25 cycle CB
180 unstable for sustained fault (tc=5sec)
160
n
d
e
g
e
e
s
r
i
140
A
n
g
e
l
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
time in seconds
RESULT:
The solution for swing equation is done by using point by point method by taking a problem as
an example and its corresponding graph is plotted.
Faculty In-charge : HOD-EEE
41

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1. Single phase fully controlled converter using RL & RLE loads.

2. Three phase full converter using RL & RLE loads.

3. Single phase AC voltage controller Using RL load.

4. Three phase Inverter with PWM Controller.

6. Modeling of Separately excited DC motor.

7. Write a program and simulate dynamical system of following models.

8. Obtain frequency response of a given system by using various methods.

9. Design a compensator for a given system for required specifications.

10. Develop a program to solve Swing Equation.

SINGLE PHASE FULL CONVERTER

theoutput voltageand extinction angle using MATLAB software.

Rectification is a process of converting an alternating voltage or

OPERATION WITH RESISTIVE LOAD:

OPERATION WITH R-L LOAD:

Between t=0 and t = , SCRs T1 and T4are forward biased and

1. To start Simulink click on the Simulink button on the MATLAB tool

The average output voltage,

(Continuous current mode)

(Dis-continuous current mode)

(Continuous current mode)

{(cos cos )+(+)}

(Dis-continuous current mode)

sin( ) = sin( ) ()/ --R-L Load

Values of the Parameters Calculated Simulated

FIG-1: R-LOAD AT =70 FIG-2: RL LOAD AT =70

FIG-3: RL LOAD AT =62 FIG-4: RLE DISCONTINUOS LOAD AT =60

The model of single phase full converter with R,RL,RLE load is

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THEORY AND OPERATION:

The 3- power circuit shown in the circuit diagram works as an 3-

The sequence of getting 6 SCRs is 1,2,3,4,5,6 and for =0,T1T2T6

1. To start Simulink click on the Simulink button on the MATLAB

TABULAR COLUMN FOR SWITCHING:

0 1.67 5 8.33 11.67 15 18.33 280

S.NO. Vo Calculated Vo Simulated

FIG-2: R-LOAD AT =30

FIG-5: R-L LOAD AT =30

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SINGLE PHASE AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLER

THEORY AND OPERATION:

AC voltage controllers (ac line voltage controllers) are employed to vary

Single phase ac voltage controller is simulated and corresponding waveforms

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Experiment No :4 Class: M.Tech(PEED), I Sem A.Y:2015-2016

THREE PHASE INVERTER WITH PWM CONTROL

THEORY AND OPERATION:

Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a

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AIM:Simulate DC-DC converter and sketchthe output waveforms.

DC-DC converter is simulated and waveforms are observed.

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MODELLING OF SEPERATLY EXCITED DC MOTOR

The air gap flux is proportional to field current

The torque Tm developed by the motor is proportional to the product of the

For armature controlled dc motor the field current is kept constant, so

Where km is torque constant

The motor back emf being proportional to speed is given as

Where K b is back emf constant.

The differential equation of armature circuit

The torque equation is

Talking lap lace transforms of equation 1, 2, 3 assuming zero

Initial conditions we get