CALCULATOR, FORMULAS, TECHNIQUES & SHORT-CUTS FOR MATHEMATICS

1. A committee of 3 members is to be formed

consisting of one representative each from labor, 6. Four different mathematics books, six different nCr N 1
management, and the public. If there are 3 possible physics books, and two different chemistry books P= ; if N ( sum ) 6
36
representatives from labor, 2 from management, are to be arranged on a shelf. How many different
11. Out of 5 mathematicians and 7 physicists, a 13 N
and 4 from the public, determine how many different arrangements are possible if only the mathematics
committee consisting of 2 mathematicians and 3 P= ;if N ( sum ) 7
committees can be formed. books must stand together? 36
physicists is to be formed. In how many ways can
1
this be done if one particular physicist must be on Answer:
A. 16 B. 24 * A. 8,709,120 * C. 709,812 9
the committee?
17. A card is drawn at random from an ordinary deck of
Formula: Solution: 52 playing cards. Find the probability that it is
A. 150 * B. 122
Fundamental Principle of counting:mxn ways neither a four nor a club.
Consider the mathematics books as a group and m x n ways
2. In how many ways can 5 differently colored assume as 1 book. The math books are arrange in a Since this is grouping, use combination, 9 10
marbles be arranged in a row? A. * C.
group. For physicist, only 2 are need from 6. 13 13
A. 120 * B. 140
7. Five red marbles, two white marbles, and three PA = 1 PNot A
12. Out of 5 mathematicians and 7 physicists, a
Formula: blue marbles are arranged in a row. If all the committee consisting of 2 mathematicians and 3 PE or F = PE + PF PE and F with common outcomes
marbles of the same color are not distinguishable
nPn = n! physicists is to be formed. In how many ways can
from each other, how many different arrangements this be done if two particular mathematicians cannot
are possible? 18. A ball is drawn at random from a box containing 6
be on the committee? red balls, 4 white balls, and 5 blue balls. Determine
3. In how many ways can 10 people be seated on a
bench if only 4 seats are available? A. 2520 * B. 5022 the probability that it is red or white.
A. 150 B. 105 *
2 5
A. * B.
A. 5040 * C. 4050 n! m x n ways 3 7
P=
Formula: q!r !s!... Since this is grouping, use combination,
PE or F = PE + P F
For mathematians, only 3 are qualified for committee.
nPr 8. In how many ways can 7 people be seated at a
round table if 2 particular people must not sit next to 19. A fair die is tossed twice. Find the probability of
13. How many different salads can be made from
each other? getting a 4, 5, or 6 on the first toss and a 1, 2, 3, or 4
4. It is required to seat 5 men and 4 women in a row lettuce, escarole, endive, watercress, and chicory?
on the second toss.
so that the women occupy the even places. How A. 30 B. 31 *
A. 460 B. 480 *
many such arrangements are possible?
2 1
2n 1 A. B. *
Solve the total ways without restriction: 5 3
A. 2880 * B. 8502
PT = ( n 1) ! Circular Permutation 14. From 7 consonants and 5 vowels, how many words
Solution: can be formed consisting of 4 different consonants For independent events:
Solve the total ways as 2 particular people sit next to
m x n ways and 3 different vowels? The words need not have PA x PB
each other. Then subtract it to the total.
m = 5! To seat 5 men in Odd places meaning.
n = 4! To seat 4 women in Even places 9. In how many ways can 10 objects be split into two 20. Find the probability of a 4 turning up at least once
Answer: 1,764,000 in two tosses of a fair die.
groups containing 4 and 6 objects, respectively?
5. How many 4-digit numbers can be formed with the m x n ways
10 digits 0, 1, 2, 3 . . . 9 if the last digit must be zero A. 110 B. 210 * 1 11
This is combination of grouping and arrangement. A. B. *
and repetitions are not allowed? 6 36
nCr
A. 4536 B. 504 * 15. For what value of n is 3 i n +1C3 = 7 i nC2 . Re peated Trials Probability:
10. In how many ways can a committee of 5 people be P = C(n ,r) pr qn r
Use counting principle: m x n ways. chosen out of 9 people? A. 6 * B. 8
Start with the most critical digit, the last digit. Then, 21. One bag contains 4 white balls and 2 black balls;
A. 126 * B. 250 16. Two dice are rolled; find the probability of getting a
the first digit. another contains 3 white balls and 5 black balls. If
sum of 9.
RBF
CALCULATOR, FORMULAS, TECHNIQUES & SHORT-CUTS FOR MATHEMATICS
one ball is drawn from each bag, find the probability Expectation = ( prize )( probability )
that one is white and one is black.
Ticket price is the equal to expected amount
13 5 of money to be won.
A. * B.
24 12
Answer: P0.20
Independent events and the situation
25. Find the mean of 8, 15, 19, 24, and 14.
can be interchange.
A. 12 B. 16 *
22. The probability that a regularly scheduled flight
departs on time is P(D) = 0.83, the probability that it x1 + x 2 + + x n
arrives on time is P(A) = 0.92, and the probability x=
n
that it departs and arrives on time is 0.78. Find the
probability that a plane (a) arrives on time given that
it departed on time, and (b) departed on time given 26. Find the median for 8, 15, 19, 24, and 14.
that it has arrived on time.
A. 15 * B. 24
a. 0.94
b. 0.85 Arrange from lowest to highest and find the middle.

Conditional Probability : 27. Find the mode of 24, 17, 32, 17, 15, and 19.
P ( A and B )
P (B / A ) = A. 17 * B. 15
P(A)
where : Mode is the value that occur most frequent.
P (B / A ) = Pr obability of B given event A
28. Find the range for 8, 15, 19, 24, and 14.
happen.
P ( A and B ) = Pr obability of A and B happen A. 24 C. 16 *
P ( A ) = Pr obability of event A
Range:Highest Lowest

23. The probability that both stages of a 2-stage 29. Find the standard deviation: 10, 12, 15, 18, and 20.
missile will function correctly is 0.95. The probability
that the first stage will function correctly is 0.98. Answer: 3.68
What is the probability that the second stage will
function correctly given that the first one does?
Use calcu.
Answer: 0.97

Conditional Probability:
P ( A and B )
P (B / A ) =
P(A)

24. In a lottery there are 200 prizes of P5, 20 prizes of

P25, and 5 prizes of P100. Assuming that 10,000
tickets are to be issued and sold, what is a fair price
to pay for a ticket?

RBF