Young Mines

Access 2007 Course

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GIO TRNH ACCESS 2007

Gio trnh ny c bin son da trn gio trnh Access ca thy ng Kin
Cng v thy Trn Minh Ho, trung tm Tin hc ng dng i hc Nng Lm TP.
HCM.
Mi gp , phn hi xin gi v email: hoangtung.nlu@gmail.com
Chn thnh cm n!
 PHN 1:
i cng
Table
Query

Bi 1:
I CNG
1. Chun b mi trng
Thng s khu vc format theo chun: English (United States)

nh dng s:

Decimal symbol: du chm .

Digit grouping symbol: du phy ,
List separator: du chm phy ;
Cn li nh hnh bn.

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 nh dng tin t:

Decimal symbol: du chm .

Digit grouping symbol: du phy ,
Biu tng ly trong Word

2. Vai tr ca Access
MS-Access 2007 l ng dng trong b phn mm Microsoft Offices. Access c kh
nng h tr vit cc chng trnh qun l, rt thun tin v n gin cho nhng ngi
khng chuyn v lp trnh.
Access rt cn thit cho nhng ngi lm cng vic qun l: gio vin, nhn vin
vn th,... c th h tr qun l thng tin ca th vin, lp hc,
Trong ngnh chn nui ni ring, am hiu Access l mt li th, c th ng dng
Access vo rt nhiu vic nh qun l phng mch, qun l tri chn nui, kim sot
dch bnh,
3. Gii thiu ca s lm vic
Nt Office Button

Thanh Navigation Pane

Giao din Ribbon:

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 Bi 2:
TABLE
Vai tr ca table l lu tr thng tin, khc vi sheet trong Excel, trong Access
khng th tnh ton trc tip trn table.

Mi tn : Ct Field
Mi tn : Dng Record
1. To mi Table
Create/Table Design
- Field Name: tn Field, khng khong trng, khng du, ngn gn.
- Data Type: chn kiu d liu ph hp
Data Type ngha
Text D liu chui (ti a 255 k t)
Memo on vn bn (ti a 64000 k t)
Number S
Date/Time Ngy thng/Gi
Currency Tin t
AutoNumber S t ng
Yes/No ng/Sai
OLE Object i tng nhng (Hnh nh, th,)
Hyperlink Lin kt
Attachment nh km (C th nh km file, khuyn khch dng
nh km hnh nh)
- Description: m t
- Field Properties: thuc tnh ca Field
Text
Field Size S k t ti a c nhp
Format nh dng
> Chuyn cc k t thnh ch in hoa
< Chuyn cc k t thnh ch thng
Input Mask Mt n nhp d liu
0 Bt buc nhp s t 0 9
9 C th nhp s hoc k t trng
L Nhp ch ci
? Nhp 1 ch ci hoc k t trng
A Ch nhp s hoc ch
& Nhp 1 k t bt k
> Chuyn tt c cc k t theo sau thnh ch in hoa. VD: 00>LL

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 < Chuyn tt c cc k t theo sau thnh ch thng. VD: 00<LL
Caption Ph
Default Value Gi tr mc nh
Validation Rule Gii hn gi tr nhp. D liu nhp vo s c kim tra vi iu kin
ny, nu khng tha mn thng bo li s hin ra.
Validation Text Thng bo li
Required Bt buc nhp d liu
Allow Zero Length Cho php chui rng
Indexes C c trng lp d liu khng?

Number
Field Size Phm vi s
Byte S nguyn t 0 255
Integer S nguyn t -32768 32768
Long Integer S nguyn t -2147483648 214748647
Single S thc
Double S thc phm vi ln hn
Format nh dng
General Number Gi nguyn nh dng nh khi nhp
Currency Dng tin t
Fixed Dng c s l c nh
Standard C du phn cch hng ngn
Percent Dng phn trm
Decimal Place S s l c nh

Date/Time
Format General Date Gi nguyn nh dng nh khi nhp
Long Date Dng y
Medium Date Dng trung bnh
Short Date Dng ngn gn

Yes/No
Format
2. Thit lp mi quan h
hn ch vic lu tr d liu trng lp, tn dung lng, ngi ta thng phn
chia d liu vo cc bng ph hp, v lin kt cc bng li.
Trong Access c 2 kiu quan h thng gp:
- Quan h One One: D liu trong mi bng ch xut hin 1 ln
- Quan h One Many: Trong bng One, d liu xut hin 1 ln, nhng trong bng
Many d liu c th xut hin nhiu ln. VD: Bng ha n: cha cc thng tin v
n hng bao gm: ngy giao dch, m khch hng, m nhn vin, sn phm. Bng
Khch hng cha thng tin v khch hng bao gm: M khch hng, tn khch hng,
a ch. Nh vy trong bng Khch hng, mi M khch hng ch xut hin 1 ln, trong
khi trong bng Ha n. M khch hng c th lp li nhiu ln do khch hng
giao dch vo nhiu thi gian khc nhau.

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 Cc bc to quan h:
Database Tools/Relationships

Thm cc bng cn to mi quan h vo

Thit lp quan h.

Lu thuc tnh ca dy quan h:

- Enforce ReferentialIntegrity: Cc
d liu tn ti trn field kha ngoi
phi c trn field kha chnh.
- Cascade Update Related Fields:
Chnh sa trn kha chnh, kha ngoi
t ng sa li.
- Cascade Delete Related Records:
Xa gi tr trn kha chnh, kha ngoi
t ng xa theo.

3. Nhp d liu vo Table

Quy tc: Mt trc nhiu sau
D liu trong bng mt nhp trc, bng nhiu nhp sau.
Nhp theo hng ngang
C th s dng thuc tnh Lookup to Combobox v Listbox
4. Bi tp
To c s d liu theo cc yu cu sau:
Tn CSDL: Banhang.accdb

Bng Nhanvien
Field Name Data Type Field Properties
Manv Number Field Size: Byte
Caption: M nhn vin
Holot Text Field Size: 25
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 Caption: H lt
Ten Text Field Size: 8
Caption: Tn
Phai Yes/No Format: Nam; N
Caption: Phi
Display Control: Textbox
Ngaysinh Date/Time Caption: Ngy sinh
Ngaynv Date/Time Caption: Ngy nhn vic
Dienthoainv Text Field Size: 10
Input Mask: (999) 0000009
Caption: in thoi
Hinhnv Attachment Caption: Hnh nhn vin
Bng Khachhang
Field Name Data Type Field Properties
Makh Text Field Size: 5
Caption: M khch hng
Tenkh Text Field Size: 50
Caption: Tn khch hng
Dienthoaikh Text Field Size: 10
Input Mask: (999) 0000009
Caption: in thoi KH
Diachikh Text Field Size: 50
Caption: a ch
Thanhpho Text Field Size: 20
Caption: Thnh ph
Bng Sanpham
Field Name Data Type Field Properties
Masp Number Field Size: Byte
Format: 000
Caption: M sn phm
Tensp Text Field Size: 30
Caption: Tn sn phm
Donvi Text Field Size: 10
Caption: n v tnh
Dongia Number Field Size: Double
Format: #,##0 $
Caption: n gi
Hinhsp Attachment Caption: Hnh sn phm
Bng Hoadon
Field Name Data Type Field Properties
Mahd Text Field Size: 8
Caption: M ha n
Makh Text Field Size: 5
Caption: M khch hng
Manv Number Field Size: Byte
Caption: M nhn vin
Ngaylaphd Date/Time Caption: Ngy lp ha n
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Ngaynhan Date/Time Caption: Ngy nhn
Bng Chitiet
Field Name Data Type Field Properties
Mahd Text Field Size: 8
Caption: M ha n
Masp Number Field Size: Byte
Format: 000
Caption: M sn phm
Soluong Number Field Size: Integer
Caption: S lng
To quan h:

Nhp d liu:

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 Bi 3:
QUERY
Query cho php tnh ton, x l s liu, chnh sa d liu trong table.
1. To query
Create/Query Design
Chn cc table tham gia.

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2. Cc cng c h tr
a. Php ton
- Php ton s hc: +, -, *, /, ^ c bit: \: chia ly nguyn; mod: chia ly d.
- Php so snh: >, <, =, <>, >=, <=
- Php ghp chui: &. VD: Hong Vn & Tng tr v Hong Vn Tng
- Php ton logic:
not, c php: not {iu kin}
and, c php: {iu kin} and {iu kin}
or, c php: {iu kin} or {iu kin}
- Php so snh chui: {Gi tr cn so snh} like {iu kin}
Nu tha iu kin th tr v True, ngc li tr v False
Lu : C th s dng k t i din t iu kin
* : i din cho 1 chui k t
? : i din cho 1 k t
# : i din cho 1 ch s
- Php ton between and:
{Gi tr cn so snh} between {Gi tr khi u} and {Gi tr kt thc}
VD: [Ngaylaphd] between #1/1/2# and #31/1/2#
ngha: Kim tra Ngy lp ha n c nm trong thng 1 nm 2002 hay khng.
Lu : Trong biu thc, tn field nm trong du ngoc vung [ ], gi tr ngy thng
nm, nm trong 2 du # #, gi tr chui nm trong 2 du nhy kp .
- Php ton in:
{Gi tr cn so snh} in({Gi tr 1}; {Gi tr 2}; )
b. Hm thng dng
IIF(), MONTH(), DATEPART(), VAL()
Lu hm DATEPART({tham s}; {ngy})
Tham s: d ly ngy, m ly thng, q ly qu, yyyy ly nm.
c. To mi mt field trn query
C php: {Tn Field} : {Biu thc}
VD:
Hoten : Holot & & Ten
3. Bi ton sp xp, lc d liu
Sp xp d liu. S dng dng Sort trn li QBE
Lc d liu. S dng dng Criteria trn li QBE
Bi tp:
To truy vn hin thng tin v cc nhn vin N gm cc trng: M nhn vin,
H v tn, Tui. Sp xp theo tn.
4. Bi ton query c thuc tnh
Bi tp:
Hin th 5 sn phm c gi cao nht. Gm cc trng: M sn phm, tn sn phm,
n gi, n v tnh.
Hng dn: M thuc tnh ca query, chnh thuc tnh Top Values
Bi tp:
Lit k cc khch hng giao dch trong thng 11 v thng 12 nm 2004. Gm
cc trng: M khch hng, tn khch hng.
Hng dn: Chnh thuc tnh Unique Values

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5. Bi ton Parameter Query
Hin th cc ha n lp trong thng X vi X nhp t bn phm. Gm: M ha n,
tn khch hng, gi tr ha n (S lng * n gi).
6. Bi ton Query Wizard
Hin th cc khch hng cng thnh ph.
S dng Find Duplicates Query Wizard

Hin th nhn vin cha thc hin giao dch no.

S dng Find Unmatched Query Wizard
7. Total Query
Total query cho php gom nhm cc record theo mt tiu ch no tnh tng,
trung bnh cng, m s lng, tm max, min.
Bi ton: Tnh tng tr gi ca mi ha n. Gm: M ha n, tn khch hng, s
sn phm, thnh tin (n gi * S lng).

Bi ton: Cho bit tng s ha n m khch hng t, tng thnh tin. Gm cc

trng: tn khch hng, tng s ha n, tng thnh tin.
Gi : Chia nh cng vic.
8. Crosstab Query
Cho php gom nhm theo 2 tiu ch tng hp d liu.
Bi tp: Cho bit tng s ha n m khch hng giao dch trong nm 2004,
tng tr gi cc giao dch theo tng qu.

Lu : Thuc tnh ca Crosstab Query Column Heading.

9. Action Query v mt s th thut
Make Table Query: cho php to table.
Delete Query: cho php xa cc record theo 1 iu kin no .
Update Query: cho php chnh sa cc record.
Append Query: cho php thm cc bn ghi vo table.

Th thut: S dng Macro n thng bo xc nhn. SetWarnings

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 BI TP
1. QS1: To truy vn gm H lt, tn nhn vin, m ha n, ngy lp ha n. Sp
xp theo tn nhn vin.
2. QS2: To query gm M ha n, tn sn phm, n v tnh, s lng, n gi,
thnh tin (S lng * n gi).
3. QS3: Hin th cc n t hng c lp trong thng 3 nm 2004. Gm cc trng:
M ha n, ngy lp ha n, ngy nhn hng, tn khch hng, sp xp theo th t tng
dn ca ngy lp ha n.
4. QS4: Hin th cc ha n ca nhn vin s 5, v nhn vin s 4. Gm: M ha
n, tr gi (n gi * S lng).
5. QS5: Hin th cc ha n c lp trong qu 2 nm 2004. Gm: M ha n, tn
khch hng, tn nhn vin, ngy lp ha n.
6. QS6: Hin th danh sch nhn vin ca cng ty, gm: H v tn (Ghp t H lt
vi Tn), ngy sinh, tui i. Sp xp theo Tn, nu trng tn th u tin xp theo H lt.
7. QS7: Hin th danh sch chi tit v cc n t hng. Gm cc field: m ha n,
tn sn phm, s ngy lu kho, n gi, s lng, thnh tin. Bit:
S ngy lu kho = Khong cch t ngy lp ha n n ngy nhn hng. Tr
trng hp khch hng cha nhn hng th S ngy lu kho = 0.
Thnh tin: Nu s ngy lu kho lu kho t hn 20 th gim 20% tr gi ha n,
nu s ngy lu kho ln hn 40 th tng 20% tr gi ha n. Cn li gi nguyn tr gi.
Khai bo thuc tnh: #,##0 $ cho cc field n gi, Thnh tin.
8. QS8: Cho bit cc ha n cha giao hng. Gm: M ha n, tn khch hng, a
ch khch hng.
9. QS9: Cho bit nhn vin c tui i cao nht.
10. QS10: Cho bit khch hng cha thc hin giao dch no.
11. QS11: Hin th thng tin tra cu v nhn vin. Bit t kha c nhp t bn phm.
VD: nhp t bn phm t nguyn th s tr v kt qu tt c cc nhn vin c t
nguyn trong h tn.
12. QS12: Cho bit tng tr gi cc giao dch ca 6 thng u nm v 6 thng cui nm
2004.
13. QS13: Cho bit tr gi mi ha n m khch hng t mua. Gm tn khch
hng, tr gi.
14. QS14: Cho bit tng s ha n v tng tr gi m mi nhn vin giao dch
trong 6 thng u nm 2004
15. QS15: Cho bit tng tr gi ca cc ha n ca mi khch hng iu kin tr gi
ha n ln hn 300000.
16. QS16: Hin th cc khch hng c tng giao dch ln hn 5000000.
17. QS17: Cho bit tng s tin mua hng ca mi khch hng trong mi thng ca
nm 2004.
18. QS18: Cho bit tng s tin giao dch trong tng qu ca tng khch hng v cho
bit tng gi tr giao dch trong nm 2004.
Lu v thuc tnh Column Heading
19. QS19: Thit k query cho bit tng tr gi thu c trong tng qu nm 2004 ca
mi khch hng. ng thi cho bit tng s tin thu c v tng s ha n t
trong nm.
20. QS20: Hin th tin thng cui nm. Gm cc trng: h v tn, tui i, nm
kinh nghim, tin thng. Bit:

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 Gii tnh Nm kinh nghim Tui i Tin thng
Nam >= 10 < 30 2.000.000
>= 30 2.500.000
>= 15 >= 40 4.000.000
>= 50 5.000.000
N >= 8 < 30 2.000.000
>= 30 2.500.000
>= 10 >= 40 4.000.000
>= 50 5.000.000

Bi tp lm thm:
qrBT1: Hin th danh sch cc n t hng do nhn vin c m s 5 lp, gm cc
field: H tn nhn vin, m ha n, ngy lp ha n, tn khch hng.
qrBT2: Hin th danh sch cc khch hng Thnh ph HCM v H Ni.
qrBT3: Cho bit tng s tin mua hng ca cc khch hng c m t KH002-KH006
theo tng qu trong nm 2004. V cho bit tng s tin giao dch ca khch hng trong
nm 2004.
qrBT4: Cho bit tng s ha n m mi nhn vin lp trong tng qu ca nm
2004. V cho bit tng doanh thu tng qu ca mi nhn vin.
qrBT5: Hin th thnh ph c nhiu khch hng nht, gm cc field: Tn thnh ph,
s khch hng.
qrBT6: Thit k query cho bit tng s ha n v tng tr gi ca cc ha n m
mi khch hng mua hng c tng tr gi ln hn 8.000.000. Gm: Tn khch hng,
s ha n, tng tr gi.
qrBT7: iu chnh gi ca cc mt hng c gi di 1000 ng tng ln 5%. Cc mt
hng c n v tnh l xe tng thm 20.000 ng.
qrBT8: Lp danh sch cc nhn vin c tui trn 40, lu vo 1 bng mi mang tn:
tblQuyhoachCanBo, gm cc thng tin: M nhn vin, H lt, Tn nhn vin, Nm sinh,
Gii tnh, Ghi ch (Nhng nhn vin <= 45 tui th ghi ch l Quy hoch lnh o,
trn 45 tu i th ghi ch l Sp v hu)
qrBT9: Thm cc nhn vin c tui di 20 vo bng tblQuyhoachCanBo v ghi ch
l Nng cao nghip v.
qrBT10: Dng query sa i gii tnh ca cc nhn vin, Nam sa thnh N, N sa
thnh Nam.
qrBT11: Sa i thng tin v nhn vin s 6, ngy nhn vic sa li thnh 23/04/2013.
qrBT12: Xa cc giao dch ca nhn vin s 3 c lp trong thng 10 nm 2004.

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 PHN 2
Form: Single Form, Main Sub Form
Report
Macro v Visual Bacsic for Access
Bi 1:
FORM
1. i cng
C 2 loi form chnh:
- Form c ngun: Dng cp nht d liu
- Form khng c ngun: Dng lm giao din ngi dng
Ca s lm vic: (Ch Design)

Caption
Ca s hin th:

Scroll Bars
Record Selectors

Navigation Button

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 Mt s thuc tnh quan trng:
Tab Format:
- Caption: Tiu form khi chuyn sang ch Form View
- Scroll Bars: Thanh cun
- Record Selectors: K hiu xc nh record
- Navigation Buttons: Thanh di chuyn gia cc record
- Auto Resize: T ng iu chnh kch thc khi m Form
- Auto Center: T ng cn chnh gia mn hnh khi m Form

Tab Data:
- Record Source: Ngun d liu ca Form

Tab Event: Cha cc s kin

Tab Other:
- Pop Up: Hin th Form ln trn cng, bt buc tng tc vi Form.

Cc i tng trong thit k form:

Textbox, Label, Combobox, ListBox, Option Group, Command Button

Gii thiu v Property Sheet

2. Bi tp cn bn
Thit k cc form sau:

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Lu : cng thc truyn d liu t combobox/listbox:
=[Tn combobox/listbox].column(Ch s ct)

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3. Main-Sub Form
Quy trnh thit k:
- Xc nh d liu ngun ca Main, Sub form.
- Xc nh field dng lin kt.
- Thit k Main, Sub. Lu t tn cc i tng lin kt.
Lu : Thuc tnh Link Master Field, Link Child Field.
Bi tp:

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 Bi 2:
REPORT
1. Gii thiu
B cc:

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2. Cc thuc tnh quan trng
- Hide Duplicates: n cc gi tr trng lp
- Running Sum: nh s t ng
- Can Grow: Trn dng
Bi tp:

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22
3. Tnh nng trn th
Report Label Wizard

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