Induction Motor:

One of the most common electrical motor used in most applications

which is known as induction motor. This motor is also called
as asynchronous motor because it runs at a speed less than its
synchronous speed.
Here we need to define what is synchronous speed. Synchronous
speed is the speed of rotation of the magnetic field in a rotary
machine and it depends upon the frequency and number poles of the
machine. An induction motor always runs at a speed less than
synchronous speed because the rotating magnetic field which is
produced in the stator will generate flux in the rotor which will make
the rotor to rotate, but due to the lagging of flux current in the rotor
with flux current in the stator, the rotor will never reach to its rotating
magnetic field speed i.e. the synchronous speed.

Synchronous Motor:

Synchronous Motor in general is an electro-mechanical device that

converts energy from electrical domain to mechanical domain.
Based on the type of input we have classified it into single phase
and 3 phase motors. Among 3 phase motors, induction motors
and synchronous motors are more widely used. When a 3 phase
electric conductors are placed in a certain geometrical positions (In
certain angle from one another) then an electrical field is generated.
Now the rotating magnetic field rotates at a certain speed, that
speed is called synchronous speed. Now if an electromagnet is
present in this rotating magnetic field, the electromagnet is
magnetically locked with this rotating magnetic field and rotates
with same speed of rotating field.