Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Annual Review of the Faculty of Philosophy, Novi Sad, Volume XLI-2 (2016)
, 1
(1791-1860)
. -
1825-1848. . ,
- ,
.
,
.
, ,
, ,
, ,
; , , .
: , Vormrz, , , ,
, , , , 19. .
, 225.
,
, -
. ,
, :
, , (, 2010: 26).
,
.
1
zoltan.gyore1@gmail.com
.
80 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
.
,
.
. ,
(zer,
2010: 26, , 2003: 101). 2
:
,
(zer,
2010: 27).
,
, .3
,
( : , , ,
, , .), , ,
. ,
, , , ,
, .
1814. ,
.
2003. (Grf Szchenyi Istvn minden rsa),
.
,
,
,
, ,
19. .
,
.
1848. .
.
2
(Szchnyi Ferenc 1754-1820) ,
.
. ,
,
.
3
Neboja Jovanovi, Leksikon linosti u udbenicima istorije, Novi Sad 2002; Petar Kresti,. Maarsko-
srpska proimanja tokom prve polovine XIX veka: Primer Stefana Seenjija, : Boidar Kovaek Petar
Lasti (urednici), Iz istorije srpsko-maarskihkulturnih veza, Novi Sad Budimpeta 2003, 101106;
, , . 44
(1991) 111-116; Antonije Hadi, Stefan Seenji, Srbski letopis 1, Budim 1860.
, 81
, . .
. 4, ,
.
, , ,
, ,
, .
(1825-1848)
,
.
. ,
1848. , 1848/49.
. (1825-
1848, 1856-1860), , ,
.
, , ,
.
:
,
(Kemny, 1970: 62).
- .
,
.
1815.
, ,
,
1823. .
,
1790-
19. (Gyre, 2009a: 182-190). 18.
, .
4
(1773-1859) ,
.
. .
,
.
,
.
82 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
.
, , .
, ,
; ,
;
.
;
.
5,
, ;
(Gyre, 2009:
80-82).
.
.
.
.
21. 1791.
. ,
.
,
, ,
. (Kemny, 1970: 114). ,
,
.
(Csetri, 1992: 2, 11).
.
,
1909. (Halsz, 1
A fiatal Szchenyi, para 15). , ,
5
(Kazinczy Ferenc 1759-1831) ,
.
, 83
1809. . ,
. , , ,
.
,
.
,
I () .
,
. ,
.
, ,
(Zichy,
1896, Grf Szchenyi Istvn letrajza, para 22).
1815. . ,
, ,
(Kovcs H. - Krmendy K. - Mzi B. - Oplatka
A., 2014, 39).
,
(1815.) ,
, (Kemny,
1970: 82). ,
, , ;
.
.
, ,
,
.
,
;
,
, ( ,
19. 1825. );
, ,
, ,
84 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
.
,
(Falk, 1868: 15-16).
1824. .
, ,
- (Crescence Seilern-Anspang),
, .
.
1836. .
. (7
, 7 ) (Nyry, 2014: 22-28).
, ,
, , , ,
, , , , ,
( ).
. ,
.
,
,
.
: ,
,
, (Kovcs
H. - Krmendy K. - Mzi B. - Oplatka A., 2014, 389). ,
,
.
, ,
. 1818.
, .
, .
.
.
,
. , ,
6
(Csetri, 1992: 2, Falk, 1868: 12-14, Kemny, 1970: 81).
1818-1820.
6
( Wesselnyi Mikls 1796-1850) ,
, .
, 85
.
, ,
.
.
,
, , , .
, , , ,
, , , , , , , ,
, .
,
. (
, , , ,
, , , ).
, , .
.
.
,
, .
(Pndi, 1965: 382, Csetri, 1992: 2,
4-6,9, Str, 1965: 382).
, ,
. .
,
; , ,
(Fbin 1992: 14-15, 19).
,
.
.
I 1822.
(Gergely 1998: 7-8, Kemny 1970: 81, Falk 1868: 18, 23, Kemny 1970: 83, Tth
1970: 68).
86 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
1825-1827. ,
,
. , (60.000
)
(Grg 2002: 372).
,
. ,
o ,
.
(Dobszay, 2000: 25). 1826.
(Csetri 1992: 7).
:
, . (Kovcs H. - Krmendy K. - Mzi
B. - Oplatka A., 2014, 88-89).
(Lovakrul, 1828).
,
(Hunnia, Stadium, Nagy magyar szatra, nismeret, Ein
Blick..., ). , ,
, , , .
,
. .
(Pndi, 1965: 382, Fbin, 1992: 22).
,
. ,
, , ,
.
, , ,
.
400.000
10 ,
(Csetri, 1992: 11).
. ,
. ,
, 87
(Bethlen, 1932: 4).
, 19.
,
;
.
,
(Bords, 2010: 95-96).
, .
. -
, ,
,
.
,
, ,
, .
.
,
(Tth, 1970: 80-81).
, ,
,
,
(Dobszay, 2000: 25). ,
,
, : ,
, , ;
(Gyre, 2009: 360-363, Gyre,
2009: 81-85).
,
: Hitel (, 1830.), Vilg (, 1831.) Stadium
(,1833).
.
Hitel
,
, ,
88 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
.
,
,
,
,
.
(Kemny 1970: 86, Nagy 1983: 26-27).
, ,
.
, .
, ,
.
(Mrei, 1983: 316,
Nagy, 1983: 20, Kemny, 1970: 125-126).
,
,
.
.
, ,
.
,
. Hitel-
. :
,
,
. Vilg
()
,
,
(Str, 1965: 382, Kemny, 1970: 127, Grg, 2002: 373).
Stdium (),
,
1832. .
,
, 89
.
1840. (Kemny, 1970: 99).
,
, ,
, ,
, , ,
, ,
.
-
1848. . (Spira, 1959: 28,
Kemny, 1970: 128-129).
, ,
,
, ;
; , ;
-;
,
.
,
(Gergely, 1998: 12).
, , .
,
, .
,
.
, , .
. ,
(Kemny, 1970: 85, 95, 96-
97, 109-110).
.
1830.
(
) ,
90 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
.
.
(
1942. : Szchenyi Istvn s Waldstein
Jnos keleti utazsa 1830-ban) (Bords, 2010: 11, 62).
,
10. 1830.
, , (Fried,
1867: 1).
.
,
,
, .
, 1832. , 1878.
200
(Bords, 2010: 102).
:
, .
,
, : 122
(. , 1837.)
,
.
150 ,
.
, 1832. (Bords, 2010: 102-106, 114, 125).
1848.
1825.
7, 8,
9, ,
7
(1807-1849) 1848/1849. .
06. 1849. .
8
(1803-1876) . .
- 1867. .
9
(1802-1894) , , .
(1825-1849).
1848. . 1849.
.
, 91
(1825-1848).
,
, .
,
,
(Gergely, 1998, 16),
(Kemny, 1970: 62).
- ,
, . (Kemny, 1970: 130).
.
,
,
. ,
19. ,
.
.
, ,
,
.
, , .
.
,
. , ,
,
. ,
,
(Spira, 1959: 44-45).
92 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
. ,
,
,
, ,
, ,
,
.
, ,
,
.
,
(Spira, 1959: 44-45).
,
,
, 1848. .
(A kelet npe, 1841)
,
,
.
,
; - ;
, ;
- (
, ,
,
,
) (Berzeviczy, 1903: 152-153).
.
: ,
(Grg, 2002: 376-377, Gergely, 1998: 16).
,
.
, 93
.
,
,
( )
.
1842. .
, ,
,
,
.
. ,
,
, .
, , , ,
,
.
: -, -
, - , -
, -, - .
, .
, , .
,
: .. , ,
(Berzeviczy, 1907, Gergely, 1998:
12-13).
, ,
(Fbin, 1992: 19).
(Gesztesi, 2010, Grf Szchenyi Istvn tvedsei, hallnak 150 ves
vforduljn, para 18. ).
,
,
94 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
250 . 10
(zer, 2010: 28-29).
,
e e e
,
: ,
,
.
1848.
.
, , ,
,
(1846) (1847)
(Kosry, 1990: 284). .
,
,
1845. .
:
.
,
(Dobszay, 2000: 38, Grg, 2002: 378, Kemny, 1970: 154, 157).
,
,
15. 1848.
.
. ,
1848.
.
.
15-17. ,
10
(1813-1871) , . 1848/1849.
, (1867-1971).
.
, 95
V
, . ,
, 17.
,
.
(
). :
.
,
20 !...
,
, : !
:
.
.
. (Kovcs H.
- Krmendy K. - Mzi B. - Oplatka A., 2014, 434-435),
(
, , -
)
.11
,
( 7. ) .
:
.
,
,
.
11
21. 22.
.
, (,
, ).
, 1848. . ,
, .
( ) . (Kovcs H. - Krmendy
K. - Mzi B. - Oplatka A., 2014, 436-439).
96 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
. , ,
,
.
,
,
, ,
,
.
4.
. ,
,
(Gergely, 2009: 16,
Viszota, 2 1933: 201-211).
, ,
.
,
,
, , , .
.
.
1848-1851. .
, ,
.
, .
.
.
. , , 1852-1856.
. 1856. .
, ,
, .
.
,
.
, (Viszota, 2
1933: 211-216).
, 97
,
.
,
.
(Gergely, 1998: 15).
,
,
, (
) (Gergely, 1998: 15).
.
12
(Rckblick,1857). (Ein Blickauf den anonymen
Rckblick, 1859), ,
.
(Grg, 2002: 399).
. ,
.
,
,
(Viszota, 2 1933: 215).
:
(Gergely, 1998: 17).
:
,
,
.
:
,
,
. (Viszota, 2 1933: 223-224).
12
(1813-1893) .
I (1848-1916).
, .
.
98 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer
.
,
.
13 III ( 1848-1852,
1852-1870), 1860. .
.
,
. ,
(Viszota, 2 1933: 224).
.
, ,
: . , 7.
1860. (Gergely, 2009: 18-19).
,
.
.
1860.
,
,
, ,
(zer, 2010: 31).
*****
.
: " .
, ,
. .
,
. ,
.
.
, .
13
(1784-1865) , ,
, 1855-1865 ( )
.
, 99
.
.
. (Mustos, 1992: 4).
:
,
(Fbin, 1992: 23).
Count Istvn Szchenyi was one of the greatest personages in the Hungarian history. He
was the founder of the liberal-national programme, and one of the leaders of the Hungarian
reform era 1825-1848. Through his own example he showed that unwavering patriotism,
endless energy and persistence in political, economical and social problems will be
profitable, and it will have positive results in the development of the country. With his moral
qualities, wide ranging social and political thoughts he became an emergent and hardly
reachable example for his age, and for the next generations as well. He was the founder
of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the builder of the bridge, which connected the
city of Buda with the city of Pest, he developed the traffic, especially the steam shipping,
he controlled the Danube River in the Iron Gates Gorge. He also wanted to establish the
railways of Hungary, and he wanted to improve Budapest, so that the city would become the
economic and cultural center of the country. Count Szchenyi also started top-quality horse
breeding, horse races and he also established the casinos in Hungary.
Berzeviczy, A. (1907). Grf Szchenyi Istvn munkibl. II. ktet, Budapest., Franklin
Trsulat.
Gergely A., Spira Gy., & Sashegyi O. (1991). A magyar akadmia krl. In: Szchenyi
Istvn vlogatott mvei, II. ktet. Budapest, Szpirodalmi Kad.
Nagy, J. (1983). Szveggyjtemny a magyar trtnelem forrsaibl (1790-1962).
Budapest, Tanknyvkiad.
Szentpteri, J. (ed.) (2000). rsos emlkek. In: Magyar Kdex 4. Reformkor s
kiegyezs. Budapest, Kossuth Kiad.
Bethlen, I. (1932). Szchenyi emlkbeszd, Budapest, Nemzeti Casino.
Boleszny, A. (2010). Szchenyi munklatai az Al-Dunn. In: Bords, Gy. (ed.) (2010).
100 Zoltn Gyre, Attila Pfeiffer