Paper 2

CONFIDENTIAL 1 4531/2
4531/2
PHYSICS Index Number : ................................................................
Paper 2
August/September Name : ................................................................
2016
2 hours Class : ................................................................
MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA
PEPERIKSAAN SIJIL PENDIDIKAN MRSM 2016
For Examiners Use

4
5 PHYSICS Total
Section Question Score
3 Paper 2 Marks Obtained
1
Two hours and thirty minutes 1 4
2
2 5
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL
3 6
TOLD TO DO SO
4 7
1. Write down your name and class A
in the space provided. 5 8
2. The questions are written in 6 8
English and bahasa Melayu.
7 10
3. Candidates are required to read
8 12
the information at the back of the
booklet 9 20
B
10 20
11 20
C
12 20
Total
__________________________________________________________________________
This booklet consists of 39 printed pages and 1 blank page
[Turn page over

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL
The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.
Maklumat berikut mungkin berfaedah. Simbol-simbol mempunyai makna yang biasa.
1 v
s
18 Wavelength / Panjang gelombang, = ax
t D
vu Power/Kuasa, P
energy / tenaga
2 a 19 time / masa
t
20 1 1 1
3 v 2 u 2 2as
f u v
21 Linear magnification / Pembesaran linear,
1
4 s ut at 2 v
2 M
u
sin i
5 Momentum = mv 22 Refractive index / Indeks biasan,
sin r
6 F ma 23 Refractive index / Indeks biasan,
7 Kinetic energy / Tenaga kinetik

real depth / dalam nyata
= mv 2
apparentdepth / dalam ketara
8 Gravitational potential energy/
Tenaga keupayaan graviti = mgh 24 Q It
Elastic potential energy/
9 V IR
Tenaga keupayaan kenyal = Fx 25
m
10 Density / Ketumpatan, 26 E = VQ
V
11 Pressure / Tekanan, P F 27 Power / Kuasa, P = IV
A
N s Vs
12 Pressure / Tekanan, P hg 28
N p Vp
13 Heat / Haba, Q mc 29 E = mc2
I sV s
14 Heat / Haba, Q ml 30 Efficiency / Kecekapan = 100%
I pV p
PV
15 constant / pemalar) 31 g = 10 m s -2
T
16 Atmospheric pressure at sea level/
Tekanan atmosfera pada aras laut
32 c = 3.0 x 108 m s-1
= 1 x 10 5 Pa
17 v f

Section A For
Bahagian A Examiners
Use
[ 60 marks ]
[ 60 markah ]
Answer all questions in this section

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
1 Diagram 1.1 shows an instrument used in a labarotary to measure object X.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan sebuah alat yang digunakan di makmal untuk mengukur objek X.
Object X
Objek X
Diagram 1.1
Rajah 1.1
(a) Name the measuring instrument.

Namakan alat pengukuran tersebut. 1(a)
.. 1
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
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For (b) State the function of Y in Diagram 1.1.

Examiners Tick (/) the correct answer in the box provided.
Use
Nyatakan fungsi Y dalam Rajah 1.1.
Tandakan (/) pada jawapan yang betul dalam kotak yang disediakan.
To prevent excess pressure exerted on the object.

Untuk menggelakkan tekanan berlebihan dikenakan ke atas objek tersebut.
To tighten the object between the jaws.

Untuk mengetatkan objek antara dua angkup.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(c) (i) Diagram 1.2 shows the instrument reading without the object between its jaws.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan bacaan alat tersebut tanpa objek antara angkupnya.
0
0
45
Diagram 1.2
Rajah 1.2
What type of error shown on Diagram 1.2?

Apakah jenis ralat yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 1.2?
1(c)(i)
....
1 [1 mark]
[1 markah]
1(c)(ii) (c) (ii) What is the reading of the error?

Berapakah bacaan ralat tersebut?
1

[1 mark]
[1 markah]
Total A1

2 Diagram 2.1 shows a deflection tube used to study the characteristics of cathode ray. For
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sebuah tiub pemesongan yang digunakan untuk mengkaji sifat-sifat sinar katod. Examiners
Use
Cathode ray E. H. T /V. L. T

Sinar katod 3 kV
+ -
6.3 V
3A
Fluorescent screen
Skrin berpendaflour
Anode
Anod
Diagram 2.1
Rajah 2.1
(a) What is the meaning of cathode ray?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan sinar katod?
2(a)
..
[1 mark] 1
[1 markah]
(b) State one reason why the EHT is used.

Nyatakan satu sebab mengapa VLT digunakan.
2(b)
..
[1 mark] 1
[1 markah]
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6
For (c) (i) A set of magnet is placed across the deflection tube as in Diagram 2.2.
Examiners Satu set magnet diletakkan merentasi tiub pemesongan seperti dalam Rajah 2.2.
Use
In Diagram 2.2, mark X the position of the cathode ray when it hits the
fluorescent screen.
Pada Rajah 2.2, tandakan X kedudukan sinar katod apabila ia menghentam skrin
berpendaflor.
N Magnet
U
Front view of fluorescent screen

A O C Pandangan depan skrin berpendaflor
S Magnet
Diagram 2.2
2(c)(i) Rajah 2.2
[1 mark]
1 [1 markah]
(ii) State the energy change of the cathode ray as it moves from anode to hitting
the fluorescent screen.
Nyatakan perubahan tenaga sinar katod apabila ia bergerak dari anod sehingga ia
menghentam skrin berpendaflor.
2(c)(ii)

1 [1 mark]
[1 markah]

(iii) What will happen to the position of the cathode ray when stronger magnets are For
used? Examiners
Apakah yang terjadi kepada posisi sinar katod apabila magnet lebih kuat digunakan? Use
2(c)(iii)
..
[1 mark] 1
[1 markah]
Total A2
5
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8
For 3 Diagram 3.1 shows a monkey on a tree. The weight of the monkey is 200 N.
Examiners Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan seekor monyet di atas pokok. Berat monyet ialah 200 N.
Use
Diagram 3.1
Rajah 3.1
(a) What is the meaning of weight?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan berat?
3(a)
1 ......
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) In Diagram 3.1, draw and label the two forces acting on the monkey.
3(b) Lukis dan labelkan dua daya yang bertindak ke atas monyet dalam Rajah 3.1.
[2 marks]
2
[2 markah]
(c) What is the net force acting on the monkey? Give your reason.
Apakah daya bersih yang bertindak ke atas monyet tersebut? Beri alasan anda.
...
3(c)
...
[2 marks]
2 [2 markah]

(d) Diagram 3.2 shows the monkey hanging on a rope. For

Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan monyet tersebut bergayut pada seutas tali. Examiners
Use
Diagram 3.2
Rajah 3.2
Determine the tension, T on the rope.

Tentukan tegangan, T ke atas tali tersebut.
..
[1 mark] 3 (d)
[1 markah]
1
Total A3
6
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10
For 4 Diagram 4.1 shows the pattern formed when seen through the gap of the two fingers.
Examiners Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan corak yang terbentuk apabila dilihat melalui celah di antara dua jari.
Use
Gap
Celah
Diagram 4.1
Rajah 4.1
(a) Name the light phenomenon involved.

Namakan fenomena cahaya yang terlibat.
4(a)
..............................................................................................................................
1 [1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) (i) In the space provided above, draw the pattern formed when the gap size between
the two fingers is decreased.
4(b)(i) Dalam ruang yang disediakan di atas, lukis corak yang terbentuk apabila saiz celahan di
antara dua jari dikurangkan.
[2 marks]
2 [2 markah]
(ii) What will happen to the amplitude of the light after it passes through the gap?
Explain your answer.
Apakah yang terjadi pada amplitud cahaya selepas ia melalui celah?
Terangkan jawapan anda.
..
4(b)(ii)
..
2
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

(c) Explain why the phenomenon in 4(a) is more difficult to be observed with light For
waves compared to sound waves. Examiners
Jelaskan mengapa fenomena dalam 4(a) lebih susah dilihat dengan gelombang cahaya Use
berbanding dengan gelombang bunyi.

[2 marks] 4(c)
[2 markah]
2
Total A4
7
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12
For 5 Diagram 5.1 shows two identical bottles A and B filled with sand floating in the water.
Examiners Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan dua botol yang serupa A dan B diisi dengan pasir sedang terapung di dalam
Use air.
Bottle A Bottle B
Botol A Botol B
Sand
Pasir
Sand
Pasir
Water
Air
Diagram 5.1
Rajah 5.1
(a) Tick ( / ) the correct answer in the box provided.

Tandakan (/) pada jawapan yang betul dalam kotak yang disediakan.
Bottle A floats in the water because,

Botol A terapung didalam air kerana,
Bottle A is denser than the water

Botol A lebih tumpat dari air
Bottle A is less dense than the water

5(a) Botol A kurang tumpat dari air
[1 mark]
1 [1 markah]
(b) Observe Diagram 5.1,

Perhatikan Rajah 5.1,
(i) Compare the weight of both bottles A and B.

Bandingkan berat kedua-dua botol A dan B.
5(b)(i)
1
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(ii) Compare the volume of bottles A and B immersed. For

Bandingkan isipadu botol A dan B yang tenggelam. Examiners
Use
5(b)(ii)
..
[1 mark]
[1 markah] 1
(iii) Compare the weight of water displaced by bottles A and B.

Bandingkan berat air tersesar oleh botol A dan B.
5(b)(iii)
..
1
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(c) Based on the answer in 5(b),

Berdasarkan pada jawapan 5(b),
(i) State the relationship between the volume of the bottle immersed and weight
of the water displaced.
Nyatakan hubungan antara isipadu botol yang tenggelam dan berat air tersesar.
5(c)(i)
..
[1 mark] 1
[1 markah]
(ii) State the relationship between the weight of the bottle and the weight of the
water displaced.
Nyatakan hubungan antara berat botol dan berat air tersesar.
5(c)(ii)
..
[1 mark] 1
[1 markah]
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14
For (d) Diagram 5.2 shows a sail boat with two passengers and loads moving from the sea to
Examiners river.
Use Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan sebuah perahu layar bersama dua penumpang dan muatan bergerak dari laut
ke sungai.
Diagram 5.2
Rajah 5.2
(d) (i) The immersed level of the sail boat increases as it moves towards the river.
What should be done to make sure that the sail boat will not sink?
Paras perahu layar tenggelam semakin bertambah apabila bergerak ke arah sungai. Apakah
yang perlu dilakukan untuk memastikan perahu layar tidak tenggelam?
5(d)(i)

1 [1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Give one reason for your answer in 5(d)(i).

5(d)(ii) Beri satu sebab untuk jawapan anda dalam 5(d)(i).
1
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
Total A5

6 Diagrams 6.1 and 6.2 show the path of light propagating from two mediums with For
different refractive index respectively. Examiners
Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan laluan cahaya merambat dari dua medium yang berbeza indeks Use
biasannya.
Air Air
r = 90o Udara r = 90o Udara
Water Glass
Air Kaca
o
i = 49
i = 42o
Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2

Rajah 6.1 Rajah 6.2
(a) What is the meaning of refractive index?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan indeks biasan?
6(a)
.........................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
[1 markah] 1
(b) Based on Diagram 6.1 and 6.2,

Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1 dan Rajah 6.2,
(i) compare the density of water and glass.

bandingkan ketumpatan air dan kaca.
6(b)(i)

[1 mark] 1
[1 markah]
(ii) complete the sentence below.

lengkapkan ayat di bawah.
The light propagates from .. medium to medium.

Cahaya merambat dari medium ke medium 6(b)(ii)
[1 mark]
[1 markah] 1
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16
For (iii) What is the refracted angle?

Examiners Berapakah sudut biasan tersebut?
Use
6(b)(iii) .
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
1
(c) Based on the information in 6(b), name the incident angle in Diagram 6.1 and 6.2
Berdasarkan pada keterangan di 6(b), namakan sudut tuju dalam Rajah 6.1 dan 6.2
6(c)
1
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(d) Based on the answer in 6(c), state the relationship between the refractive index and
Berdasarkan jawapan di 6(c), nyatakan hubungkait antara indeks biasan dengan
(i) the density

ketumpatan
6(d)(i)
..
1 [1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) the incident angle at 6(c).
sudut tuju di 6(c).
6(d)(ii)
.
1
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(e) Give an example of natural phenomenon if the incident angle in 6(c) is exceeded.
6(e) Beri satu contoh fenomena semulajadi sekiranya sudut tuju di 6(c) dilebihi.
1 ...
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
Total A6

7 Diagram 7.1 shows a wire hung between the poles of a permanent magnet A and B. The For
wire moves to the right when the switch is turned on. Examiners
Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan dawai yang tergantung di antara kutub magnet kekal A dan B. Dawai bergerak Use
ke arah kanan apabila suis dihidupkan.
Switch
Suis
Diagram 7.1
Rajah 7.1
(a) (i) State the polarity of the permanent magnet in Diagram 7.1:
Nyatakan kutub magnet kekal di dalam Rajah 7.1:

18
A:
B: 7(a)(i)
[1 mark]
[1 markah] 1
(ii) Name the rule used to determine the polarity of the permanent magnet.
Namakan peraturan yang digunakan untuk menentukan kutub magnet kekal tersebut.
7(a)(ii)
......
[1 mark] 1
[1 markah]
[Turn page over

For (b) State two ways to reverse the direction of motion of the wire in Diagram 7.1.
Examiners Nyatakan dua cara untuk menyongsangkan arah gerakan dawai dalam Rajah 7.1.
Use

7(b)

[2 marks]
2 [2 markah]
(c) Based on the following aspects, give suggestions on how the wire can be swung
higher.
Berdasarkan aspek berikut, beri cadangan bagaimana dawai dapat berayun dengan lebih tinggi
(i) The number of magnets:

Bilangan magnet:
Reason:
Sebab:
7(c)(i)
2
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

(ii) The diameter of the wire:

Diameter dawai:
Reason:
Sebab:
7(c)(ii)

2

[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(d) Diagram 7.2 shows a direct current, d.c motor. For

Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan sebuah motor arus terus, a.t. Examiners
Use
Direction of rotation
Arah putaran
Carbon brush
Berus karbon
Commutator
Komutator
Diagram 7.2
Rajah 7.2
In Diagram 7.3, draw the resultant magnetic field produced by the d.c motor.
Dalam Rajah 7.3, lukiskan medan magnet paduan yang dihasilkan oleh motor a.t tersebut.

N S
20
Diagram 7.3 7(d)

Rajah 7.3
[2 marks]
[2 markah] 2
Key :
Kekunci:
Current out of the paper Total A7
Arus keluar dari kertas
Current into the paper
Arus masuk ke dalam kertas 10
[Turn page over

For 8 Diagram 8.1 shows the rate of decay of radioactives K and L respectively. The sources
Examiners for radioactive K and L were placed in front of a detector and the count rates were
Use
recorded every two minutes.
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan kadar penyusutan radioaktif K dan L. Sumber radioaktif K dan L diletakkan
di hadapan satu alat pengesan dan kadar bilangan direkodkan setiap dua minit.
Counts per minute

Bilangan per minit
Counts per minute
Bilangan per minit
200
200
150
150
100
100
50 K
K
50
L
L Time / minute
Time
Masa / minute
/ minit
0 2 4 6 8 10 Masa / minit
0
2 4 6 8 10
Diagram 8.1
Diagram
Rajah 8.1 8.1
4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA
Rajah 8.1 CONFIDENTIAL
(a) Name the suitable detector to be used.

Namakan alat pengesan yang sesuai untuk digunakan.
8(a)

1 [1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) Based on Diagram 8.1 :

Berdasarkan Rajah 8.1:
(i) Which source has the longer half-life?

Sumber yang manakah mempunyai separuh hayat yang lebih panjang?
8(b)(i)
1
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) For
Show on the graph how the half-life in 8(b)(i) is determined. Examiners
Tunjukkan di atas graf bagaimana separuh hayat dalam 8(b)(i) ditentukan. Use
[1 mark] 8(b)(ii)
[1 markah]
1
(c) Calculate the rate of decay of K that has decayed after 20 minutes.
Hitungkan kadar pereputan K yang telah mereput selepas 20 minit.
8(c)
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
2
(d) Diagram 8.2 shows a system used to detect cracks in concrete walls.
Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan satu sistem yang digunakan untuk mengesan rekahan dalam dinding konkrit.
Film
Filem
Radioactive holder
Pemegang radioaktif

22
Diagram 8.2
Rajah 8.2
[Turn page over
For Table 8 shows four radioisotopes with their respective properties.
Examiners Jadual 8 menunjukkan empat radioisotop dengan ciri masing-masing.
Use
Radioisotopes Type of Half-life Physical state

Radioisotop radiation Separuh hayat Keadaan fizikal
Jenis sinaran
Iridium 192 Gamma 74 days Solid
Gama hari Pepejal
Caesium 137 Gamma 31 days Liquid

Gama hari Cecair
Iodine 131 Beta 8 days Solid

hari Pepejal
Nitrogen 16 Beta 14 days Liquid

hari Cecair
Table 8
Jadual 8
Based on the Table 8, state the suitable characteristics of the radioisotope used to
detect the crack in the concrete wall. Give reasons for your choice.
Berdasarkan Jadual 8, nyatakan ciri- ciri radioisotop yang sesuai digunakan untuk mengesan rekahan
dalam dinding konkrit. Beri sebab bagi pilihan anda.
(i) Type of radiation

Jenis sinaran
Reason
Sebab
8(d)(i)

2 [2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii) Half-life
Separuh hayat
Reason
Sebab
8(d)(ii)
....
[2 marks]
2 [2 markah]
(iii) Physical state For

Keadaan fizikal Examiners
Use
..
Reason
Sebab
..
[2 marks] 8(d)(iii)
[2 markah]
2
(e) Determine the most suitable radioisotope that can be used to detect the crack in the
concrete wall.
Tentukan radioisotop yang paling sesuai digunakan untuk mengesan rekahan dalam dinding konkrit.
8(e)
..........................................................................................................................................
1
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

24
Total A8
12
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Section B
Bahagian B
[ 20 marks ]
[ 20 markah ]
Answer any one question from this section

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
9 Diagram 9.1 and 9.2 show identical balls M and N before and after collision.
Rajah 9.1 dan 9.2 menunjukkan bola M dan N yang serupa sebelum dan selepas perlanggaran.
Before collision
Sebelum perlanggaran
Ball N Ball M
Bola N Bola M
m = 0.2 kg
m = 0.2 kg
u = 5 ms-1
u = 0 ms-1
Diagram 9.1
Rajah 9.1
After collision
Selepas perlanggaran
Ball N Ball M
Bola N Bola M
v = 3 ms-1 v = 2 ms-1
Diagram 9.2
Rajah 9.2
(a) What is the meaning of momentum?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan momentum?
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) (i) Using Diagram 9.1, compare the momentum of M and N

Menggunakan Rajah 9.1, bandingkan momentum M dan N.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Using Diagram 9.2, compare the momentum of M and N

Menggunakan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan momentum M dan N.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]

(iii) Using Diagram 9.1 and 9.2 compare the total momentum before and after
collision, state the principle involved and the type of collision.
Menggunakan Rajah 9.1 dan 9.2, bandingkan jumlah momentum sebelum dan selepas
perlanggaran, nyatakan prinsip yang terlibat dan jenis perlanggaran tersebut.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(c) Diagram 9.3 shows a car collides with a tree

Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan sebuah kereta melanggar sebatang pokok.
Diagram 9.3
Rajah 9.3
Using suitable physics concept, explain how the front bumper and airbag of a
car helps the driver to minimise the injury.
Menggunakan konsep fizik yang sesuai, terangkan bagaimana bumper depan kereta dan beg
udara dapat membantu mengurangkan kecederaan pemandu.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
[Turn page over

28
(d) Diagram 9.4 shows a man involved in a Bungee jumping sport. He jumped from
a height of 25 m using a safety cord.
Rajah 9.4 menunjukkan seorang lelaki melakukan sukan terjunan Bungee. Beliau terjun dari
ketinggian 25 m menggunakan tali keselamatan.
Bridge
Jambatan
Bungee cord
Tali terjunan Bungee
Diagram 9.4
Rajah 9.4
As the Technical Director of Bungee Jumping Club, you are required to give
suggestions to the Bungee Jumping Association engineer to ensure maximum
safety requirement is prepared at the new bungee site which has 200 m height.
Sebagai Pengarah Teknikal Kelab Terjunan Bungee, anda diminta untuk memberi cadangan
kepada jurutera persatuan terjunan Bungee untuk memastikan keperluan keselamatan
maksimum disediakan di tapak terjunan bungee yang baru yang mempunyai ketinggian 200 m.
State and explain the suggestion based on the following aspects.

Nyata dan terangkan cadangan berdasarkan aspek-aspek berikut,
(i) Material of the safety cord

Bahan tali keselamatan
(ii) Safety attire

Pakaian keselamatan.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]

10 Diagram 10.1 shows the dog is alert when the man blows the trumpet.
Diagram 10.2 shows the dog is not alert when the man blows the trumpet
Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan anjing peka apabila seorang lelaki meniup trumpet.
Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan anjing tidak peka apabila seorang lelaki meniup trumpet.
Hot air region

Kawasan udara panas
Wavefront
Muka gelombang
f = 400 Hz
Cold air region

Kawasan udara sejuk
Diagram 10.1
Rajah 10.1
Cold air region

Kawasan udara sejuk
Wavefront
Muka gelombang
f = 400 Hz
Hot air region

Kawasan udara panas
Diagram 10.2
Rajah 10.2
(a) What is the meaning of wavefront?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan muka gelombang?
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
[Turn page over
30
(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and 10.2,

Menggunakan Rajah 10.1 dan 10.2,
(i) compare the frequency of sound waves.

bandingkan frekuensi gelombang bunyi.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) compare the wavelength of sound waves in the cold and hot air region.
bandingkan panjang gelombang bunyi di kawasan sejuk dan panas
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii) compare the direction of propagation of sound waves

bandingkan arah perambatan gelombang bunyi
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(c) Relate the wavelength and the speed of sound in the cold and hot air region
Hubungkait panjang gelombang dengan laju gelombang bunyi di kawasan sejuk dan panas.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(d) Name the phenomenon involved.

Namakan fenomena terlibat.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(e) Explain why the water pattern in Diagram 10.3 changes after passing through
the holes.
Terangkan mengapa corak air pada Rajah 10.3 berubah selepas melalui bukaan.
Holes / Bukaan
Water
Air
Diagram 10.3
Rajah 10.3
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

(d) Diagram 10.4 shows the title of an article taken from BBC News on 27th
December 2014 about flooding in the east coast.
Diagram 10.5 shows the yard stick indicator for the water level of Sungai
Pahang.
Rajah 10.4 menunjukkan tajuk satu rencana yang dipetik dari BBC News pada 27 Disember
2014 mengenai banjir di pantai timur.
Rajah 10.5 menunjukkan kayu penanda untuk aras air di Sungai Pahang.
Malaysia is battling one of the worst floods in decades along its east coast,
which have killed at least five people.
More than 100,000 people have been forced from their homes.
Malaysia sedang berhadapan dengan satu daripada banjir terburuk pada abad ini di pantai
timur, yang telah meragut sekurang-kurangnya lima nyawa.
Lebih dari 100,000 penduduk telah diarahkan meninggalkan kediaman mereka..
Diagram 10.4
Rajah 10.4
The yard stick in Diagram 10.5 is not an efficient instrument to warn the
surrounding villagers of the rising water level.
Kayu penanda pada Rajah 10.5 merupakan alat yang tidak cekap untuk memberi amaran
kenaikan paras air kepada penduduk kampung.
Flood yard stick

Kayu penanda banjir
Diagram 10.5
Rajah 10.5
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32
Using the knowledge on wave and appropriate physics concept, modify the
warning system so that the system is able to warn villagers of the uprising water
level.
In your modification, include frequency, loudness and other relevant aspects so
that it becomes an efficient warning system.
Menggunakan pengetahuan tentang gelombang dan konsep fizik yang bersesuaian , ubahsuai
sistem amaran supaya ia dapat memberi amaran kepada penduduk kampung tentang kenaikan
aras air.
Pengubahsuaian anda perlu mengambil kira frekuensi, kekuatan bunyi dan aspek-aspek lain
yang relevan supaya ia menjadi sistem amaran yang berkesan.
[10 marks]
[10 markah ]

Section C
Bahagian C
[ 20 marks ]
[ 20 markah ]
Answer any one question from this section

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
11 Diagram 11.1 shows a gas cylinder that is designed to withstand high pressure from
inside.
Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan sebuah silinder gas yang direkabentuk bagi menahan tekanan yang tinggi
dari dalam.
Diagram 11.1
Rajah 11.1
(a) What is the meaning of pressure?

Apakah maksud tekanan?
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
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34
(b) Diagram 11.2 shows an Anglerfish (Lophius Piscatorius sp.), a type of fish that
lives only in deep sea.
Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan ikan Angler (Lophius Piscatorius sp.) yang hanya hidup di dasar laut.
Stalk
Tangkai
Diagram 11.2
Rajah 11.2
When it is brought to the surface of the seawater, the fish will die. By using
physics concept, explain why the fish dies.
Apabila ia dibawa ke permukaan air laut, ikan tersebut akan mati. Dengan menggunakan
konsep Fizik yang sesuai, terangkan mengapa ikan tersebut mati.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(c) The pressure of the gas in a cylinder of cooking gas is 150 M Pa at a temperature
of 27 C. A small fire nearby causes the temperature of the gas to increase to
155 C.
Nilai tekanan gas dalam sebuah silinder gas memasak adalah sebanyak 150 M Pa pada suhu
27 C. Kebakaran kecil berdekatan yang telah berlaku mengakibatkan suhu gas itu meningkat
kepada 155 C.
(i) Calculate the final pressure of the gas.

Hitung tekanan akhir gas tersebut.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii) The mass of gas inside the cylinder is 14 kg. Calculate the specific heat
capacity of the gas if it receives 2000 J of heat during the fire.
Jisim gas dalam tong silinder adalah 14 kg. Hitungkan nilai muatan haba tentu gas
tersebut sekiranya 2000 J tenaga haba diserap ketika kebakaran tersebut.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(iii) State one safety precaution to avoid the gas cylinder from hazardous
incidents.
Nyatakan satu langkah keselamatan bagi mengelakkan kecelakaan dari silinder gas
tersebut.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(d) Table 11.2 on pages 33 and 34 show four refrigerators P, Q, R and S with different
specifications.
Jadual 11.2 pada halaman 33 dan 34 menunjukkan empat peti sejuk P,Q,R dan S dengan spesifikasi
yang berbeza.
Refrigerator P Expansion valve Material between inner and outer wall of

Peti Sejuk P Injap pengembang refrigerator: Air
Bahan diantara bahagian dalam dan luar dinding peti
Freezer sejuk : Udara
compartment
Ruang sejuk
beku
Cooling fin
Sirip penyejuk
Refrigerator Q Expansion valve Material between inner and outer wall of

Peti Sejuk Q Injap pengembang refrigerator : Sponge
sejuk: Span
Freezer
compartment
Ruang sejuk
beku
Cooling fin
Sirip penyejuk
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36
Expansion valve
Refrigerator R Material between inner and outer wall of
Injap pengembang
Peti Sejuk R refrigerator: Sponge
Bahan diantara bahagian dalam dan luar dinding
peti sejuk: Span
Freezer
compartment
Ruang sejuk
beku
Cooling fin
Sirip penyejuk
Expansion valve
Refrigerator S Material between inner and outer wall of
Injap pengembang
Peti Sejuk S refrigerator: Air
sejuk : Udara
Freezer
compartment
Ruang sejuk
beku
Cooling fin
Sirip penyejuk
Table 11.2
Jadual 11.2

You are required to determine the most suitable refrigerator to freeze water quickly
and safely.
Study the specifications of the refrigerator in Table 11.2.
Explain the suitability of the aspects and then determine the most suitable
refrigerator.
Give reasons for your choice.
Anda dikehendaki menentukan peti sejuk yang paling sesuai untuk membekukan air dengan cepat dan
selamat.
Kaji spesifikasi peti sejuk dalam Jadual 11.2.
Terangkan kesesuaian aspek-aspek tersebut dan tentukan peti sejuk yang paling sesuai.
Beri sebab-sebab bagi pilihan anda.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
[Turn page over

38
12 Diagram 12.1 shows a new packet of batteries with information about its
characteristics.
Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan satu paket bateri yang mempunyai keterangan tentang ciri-ciri bateri
tersebut.
Diagram 12.1
Rajah 12.1
(a) Name the physical quantity that is circled on the battery packet in Diagram
12.1.
Namakan kuantiti fizikal yang dibulatkan pada paket bateri pada Rajah 12.1.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) With the aid of a circuit diagram and a graph, explain how internal resistance
of a battery can be determined.
Dengan bantuan gambarajah litar dan graf, terangkan bagaimana rintangan dalam sebuah
bateri ditentukan.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

(c) Diagram 12.2 shows a conventional kettle which is dangerous to touch when hot
and takes a longer time to boil water.
Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan sebuah cerek biasa yang bahaya jika disentuh ketika panas dan
mengambil masa lama untuk mendidihkan air.
Diagram 12.2
Rajah 12.2
You are required to investigate the characteristics of the electric kettle in Table
12.
Anda dikehendaki untuk mengkaji ciri-ciri cerek elektrik seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Jadual
12.
Electrical Type of material Size Safety Output

kettle for the body Saiz Feature power
Cerek elektrik Jenis bahan yang Ciri Kuasa
digunakan bagi keselamatan output
membuat cerek
elektrik
Automatic
P Metal Small switch High
Logam Kecil Suis Tinggi
automatik
Automatic
Q Plastic Big switch High
Plastik Besar Suis Tinggi
automatik
Metal Big Capasitor Low

R Logam Besar Kapasitor Rendah
S Plastic Small Capasitor Low

Plastik Kecil Kapasitor Rendah
Table 12
Jadual 12
[Turn page over
40
Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the kettle and determine the
most suitable to boil greater volume of water in a shorter time.
Give reasons for your choice.
Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri pada cerek tersebut dan tentukan yang paling sesuai untuk
mendidihkan air yang banyak dalam masa yang lebih singkat.
Berikan sebab-sebab untuk pilihan anda.
[10 marks]
[10 markah]
(d) Diagram 12.2 shows the label behind an LED television.

Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan label di belakang sebuah televisyen LED.
Diagram 12.3
Rajah 12.3
(i) What is the input power of the LED television?

Apakah kuasa input bagi televisyen LED tersebut?
(ii) Calculate the current flow.

Hitungkan arus yang mengalir.
(iii) Determine the amount of energy consumed when the television is

operated for 2 hours.
Tentukan nilai tenaga yang digunakan apabila televisyen dipasang selama 2 jam.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
END OF QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

BLANK PAGE

42
INFORMATION TO CANDIDATES
MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON
1. This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.
2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces
provided in the question paper.
Jawab semua soalan daripada Bahagian A. Jawapan kepada Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis dalam
ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan.
3. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your
answers for Section B and Section C on the paper provided by the invigilators.
Answer questions in Section B and Section C in detail. Answers should be clear and
logical. Equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods can be used to
explain your answer.
Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C. Jawapan kepada
Bahagian B dan Bahagian C hendaklah ditulis dalam kertas yang disediakan oleh pengawas
peperiksaan. Anda diminta menjawab dengan lebih terperinci untuk Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.
Jawapan mestilah jelas dan logik. Persamaan, gambarajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai
untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda boleh digunakan.
4. Show your working, it may help you to get marks.

Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ia boleh membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
5. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated.
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
6. The marks allocated for each question or sub-section of a question are shown in
brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.
7. If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the answer. Then write down the
new answer.
Jika anda anda hendak menukar sesuatu jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulis
jawapan yang baru.
8. A list of formulae is provided on page 2.

Satu senarai rumus disediakan di halaman 2.
9. You may use non-programmable scientific calculator. However, steps in calculation

must be shown.
Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram. Walau
bagaimanapun, langkah mengira perlu ditunjukkan.
10. The time suggested to complete Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 30 minutes and
Section C is 30 minutes.
Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B ialah 30 minit dan
Bahagian C ialah 30 minit.
11. Attach all your answers together and hand them in at the end of the examination.
Lekatkan semua kertas jawapan dan serahkan di akhir peperiksaan.


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CONFIDENTIAL 1 4531/2

MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA

PEPERIKSAAN SIJIL PENDIDIKAN MRSM 2016

For Examiners Use

[Turn page over

6 F ma 23 Refractive index / Indeks biasan,

7 Kinetic energy / Tenaga kinetik

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

Answer all questions in this section

1 Diagram 1.1 shows an instrument used in a labarotary to measure object X.

(a) Name the measuring instrument.

[Turn page over

For (b) State the function of Y in Diagram 1.1.

To prevent excess pressure exerted on the object.

To tighten the object between the jaws.

What type of error shown on Diagram 1.2?

1(c)(ii) (c) (ii) What is the reading of the error?

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

Cathode ray E. H. T /V. L. T

(a) What is the meaning of cathode ray?

(b) State one reason why the EHT is used.

[Turn page over

Front view of fluorescent screen

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

(a) What is the meaning of weight?

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

(d) Diagram 3.2 shows the monkey hanging on a rope. For

Determine the tension, T on the rope.

(a) Name the light phenomenon involved.

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

(a) Tick ( / ) the correct answer in the box provided.

Bottle A floats in the water because,

Bottle A is denser than the water

Bottle A is less dense than the water

(b) Observe Diagram 5.1,

(i) Compare the weight of both bottles A and B.

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

(ii) Compare the volume of bottles A and B immersed. For

(iii) Compare the weight of water displaced by bottles A and B.

(c) Based on the answer in 5(b),

[Turn page over

(ii) Give one reason for your answer in 5(d)(i).

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2

(a) What is the meaning of refractive index?

(b) Based on Diagram 6.1 and 6.2,

(i) compare the density of water and glass.

(ii) complete the sentence below.

The light propagates from .. medium to medium.

[Turn page over

For (iii) What is the refracted angle?

(i) the density

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

[Turn page over

(i) The number of magnets:

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

(ii) The diameter of the wire:

(d) Diagram 7.2 shows a direct current, d.c motor. For

4531/2 2016 Copyright Bahagian Pendidikan Menengah MARA CONFIDENTIAL

Diagram 7.3 7(d)

[Turn page over

Counts per minute

(a) Name the suitable detector to be used.