GRUPURI-APLICATII

x*y = xy-5x-5y+30 , x,yR . Fie multimea G= (5,)

a)Demonstrati ca G= (5,) parte stabila a lui R in raport cu legea *

Trebuie aratat ca : x,y (5,) => x*y (5,).

x (5,) => x>5 =>x-5>0 (1)
y (5,) => y>5 =>y-5>0 (2)
Prin inmultirea relatiilor (1) si (2) obtinem:
(x-5)(y-5)>0 => xy-5x-5y+25 > 0 /+5 => xy-5x-5y+30 >5 => x*y>5 => x*y (5,).

b)Demonstrati ca (G,*)-grup abelian

b1) * asociativa. (x*y)*z = x*(y*z) x,y,z G

(x*y)*z=(xy-5x-5y+30)*z = a*z =az-5a-5z+30 =
=(xy-5x-5y+30)z-5(xy-5x-5y+30)-5z+30=
= xyz-5xz-5yz+30z-5xy+25x+25y-150-5z+30=xyz-5xz-5yz-5xy+25x+25y+25z-120

x*(y*z)=x*(yz-5y-5z+30)= x*b =xb-5x-5b+30=

=x(yz-5y-5z+30)-5x-5(yz-5y-5z+30)+30
=xyz-5xy-5xz+30x-5x-5yz+25y+25z-150+30= xyz-5xz-5yz-5xy+25x+25y+25z-120

b2) elementul neutru : e G astfel incat x*e = e*x = x , xG

x*e=x => xe-5x-5e+30 = x => xe-5x-5e+30-x = 0 => xe-6x-5e+30 =0 =>
=> x(e-6)-5(e-6) =0 =>(e-6)(x-5)=0, xG=> e-6 =0 => e=6 G=(5,)
Verificare : x*6=x 6-5x- 5 6+30=6x-5x-30+30=x
Analog 6*x=x.

b3) Orice element x din G este simetrizabil (adica admite simetric x G)

x*x=e => xx-5x-5x+30 = 6 => xx-5x = 6-30+5x =>x(x-5)=5x-24 Vom obtine:

x= , pentru x-5 0, deci x5 (adevarat pentru ca x G=(5,) )

5x24
Mai tb dem x G >5 5x-24 > 5x-25 . -24>-25 (A)
x5

b4) *- comutativa x*y=y*x x,y G

x*y=y*x xy-5x-5y+30 = yx-5y-5x+30 Adevarat.