* ngha ca cos(phi)? Ti sao phi nng cao cos(phi)?

- S : Cng sut biu kin (kVA)

- P : Cng sut tiu th (kW)
- Q : Cng sut phn khng (kVar)

* Cos(phi) l t s cng sut gia P v S.

P l cng sut tc dng -> Cng sut hu dng
Q l cng sut phn khng -> Cng sut v dng (v cng)
- Thnh phn v cng ko tiu th nng lng ca ngun pht, nhng n to ra tn hao
nhit trn dy dn trong truyn ti v phn phi.
* Thnh phn v cng bao gm 2 loi:
- Thnh phn v cng mang tnh cm +Q -> i vi cc my pht, thit b mang tnh
cm.
- Thnh phn v cng mang tnh dung -Q -> i vi cc my pht, thit b mang tnh
dung.

* Thnh phn v cng mang tnh cm to ra dng in v cng mang tnh cm -> gy ra
hin tng st p. (Ngc pha vi in p ngun)
-> Nguyn nhn chnh tng ln ca gc (phi)

* Ngc li, thnh phn v cng mang tnh dung to dng in v cng mang tnh dung,
gy hiu ng ngc li -> gy ra hin tng tng p. (Cng pha vi in p ngun)
-> Nguyn nhn chnh gim ln ca gc (phi)

Do thc t th thnh phn v cng ch yu mang tnh cm, do dng in v cng

mang tnh cm -> gy ra hin tng st p. Do tn hao CS khi truyn ti v phn phi
nn buc phi gim dng v cng (hay CS v cng mang tnh cm)
-> Gim ln ca cos(phi)

Do nu mun ci thin cos(phi) th buc ta phi lp t HT b cho HT in.

* Ti sao a v ph ti c c cng sut tc dng v cng sut phn khng m cng t

nh mnh ch thy tnh cng sut tc dng?
Tnh hay khng tnh Q th phi ty thuc vo c nhn tiu th in, nh sau:

* Th nht:
- Qtng = Tng (Qi) vi i l cc thit b trong h gia nh ring l.
- Nh ni trn, CS v cng l do thit b mang tnh cm to ra.
- Thc t th vn c CS phn khng n tng h gia nh, nhng cc thit b gia nh l
cc thit b cng sut nh nn CS v cng khng to ra gc (phi) qu ln so vi yu cu.
(Theo Lut in lc th cos(phi) > 0.85 vi ti t 80kW hay TBA t 100kVA tr ln
Theo iu 9.2-b Ngh nh 105-2005 CP Hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut
in Lc)
-> Qtng = tng(Qi) : ko qu ln so vi cc ti cng nghip.

* Th hai:
- Qtng = Tng (Qj) vi j l cc thit b tiu th in trong cng nghip.
- Cc nh xng hay cc cng ty sn xut th cc thit b (ti thiu th) c tng P ln hn
h tiu dng (P > 80kW) v CS phn khng ln hn nhiu so vi cc h gia nh. D
to ra gc (phi) qu ln so vi yu cu. (cos(phi)< 0.85)
-> Qtng = tng(Qj): ln hn so vi yu cu.
Do nu ko nng cao cos(phi) th DN phi tr tin Q cho in lc. Hoc lp t HT t
b ci thin cos(phi) ngm nng cao cos(phi) > 0.85