1.

Q1 = 400 pC Q2 = 100 pC ,
r = 2 , 2a ( a = 1cm ),
1. Q3 = 100 pC :

) (0,0);
) B( 3a ,0).

1
______________________________________________________________________________
Q3 F A ,
F 1A Q1 Q3 , F 2 A
Q2 Q3 (. 1.1):

1.1
k0 Q1 Q3
F 1A = F1A x = x ,
r a2
r k Q Q
F2 A = F2 A x = 0 2 2 3 x .
r a
,
:
F A = F 1A + F 2 A = 0 23 ( Q1 + Q2 )x ,
k Q
ra
F A = 2.25 106 x[N ] .
F 1A F 2 A ,
.
Q3 B.
Q1 Q2 Q3 F 1B F 2 B , :
k0 Q1 Q3
F 1B = F1B x = x ,
r 16a 2
k Q Q
F 2 B = F2 B x = 0 2 2 3 x ,
r 4a

F B = F 1B + F 2 B = 0 32 ( Q1 4 Q2 )x ,
k Q
16 r a
.
FB = 0 .
 Q3 .
, Q1 Q2 ,
, .

2. , Q1 = 2 2Q Q2 = Q ,
2.
Q3 = Q :
) y ( a ,0);
) y B (0, a ).
: Q = 6nC , a = 1m .
2
______________________________________________________________________________
) Q3 A (. 2.1),
Q1 Q2 :

2.1
Q1Q3 2 2Q 2
F1 = k0 = k 0 ,
( 2a ) 2 4a 2
Q Q Q2
F2 = k0 2 2 3 = k0 2 .
a a
Q3
r Q2 2
FA = (F1 F2 )x = k0 2 1 x = 94.932 x [ nN ]
a 2

) Q3 (. 2.2), Q1 Q2 :

2.2
Q1Q3 2Q 2
F1 = k0 = k 0 ,
(a 2 ) 2 a2
 Q2 Q3 Q2
F2 = k0 = k0 .
a2 a2
F 1 F 2 .
x y . F 1 :
2 Q2
F1x = F1 y = F1 = k0 2 ,
2 a
F 2 y :
F2 x = 0 ,
2 Q2
F2 y = F1 = k0 2 .
2 a
Q3
r Q2 Q2 Q2
FB = F1x x + (F1 y + F2 )y = k0 2 x + k0 2 k0 2 y = 0.324 x [ N ].
a a a
x , y
.

3. QA , QB QC
a , 3.
e e QC .
: QA = QB = QC = 10pC , a = 1m .

3
________________________________________________________________________________
QC QA
QB (. 3.1).

3.1
:
Q Q
FA = k0 A 2 C
a

Q Q
FB = k0 B 2 C .
a
 QC
, x y
r
FC ,
x .
F 3FA
FAx = FA cos = A , FAy = FA sin = ,
3 2 3 2
F 3FB
FBx = FB cos = B , FBy = FB sin = ,
3 2 3 2
r r r
( )
FC = FA + FB = (FAx + FBx )x + FAy + FBy y
r 3k0QC
FC = (QA + QB )y = 0.9 3 y [pN ] = 1.559 y [pN ]
2a 2

y , rad x .
2

4. Q1 = 4 nC , Q2 = 7 nC Q3 = 8 nC
( 4)
a = 10 cm . Q4 = 1nC
, Q1
Q2 .

4
________________________________________________________________________________

4.1

.
QQ Q Q QQ
F1 = k0 12 4 , F2 = k0 22 4 , F3 = k0 32 4 ,
a 4 a 4 3a 4
r
FA = (F2 F1 )x F3 y ,
r 4 Q2 Q4 4 Q1 Q4 4Q Q
FA = k0 2
k0 2
x k0 3 2 4 y .
a a 3a
:
 r
FA = (10.8 x 9.6 y )[ N ] ,

r
FA = 14.45 [ N ] .

5. QA , QB QC
5. .
QB QC . :
QA = 5nC , QB = 9nC , QC = 1nC , a = 4cm , b = 3cm , c = 5cm .

5
________________________________________________________________________________
*** (.5.1):

5.1

QB

Q QB
F = k0 = 162[N] ,
c2

QB QC
FC = k0 = 90 [N] .
b2
:
a 4
FAx = FA cos = FA = FA = 129.6 [N ] ,
c 5
3
FAy = FA sin = FA = FA = 97.2[N ] ,
b
c 5
FCx = 0 ,
FCy = FC .

QB
r r r
( )
FB = FA + FC = FA x x + FC + FA y y = 129.6 x 7.2 y [N] ,
:
F
FB = FA2 + FC2 = 129.799 [N], = arctan B y = 3.18o .
FBx
*** (.5.2):
 QC :

5.2

Q QC QB QC
F = k0 = 28.125 [N] ; FB = k0 = 90 [N] .
a2 b2
QC :
r r r
FC = FA + FB = FA x FB y ,
FC = FA2 + FB2 = 94.3 [N] ,
F
= arctan B = 72.7o .
FA

6. T QA , QB , QC QD
6.
QD . : QA = 2nC , QB = 4nC ,
QC = 2nC , QD = 1nC , a = 0.3m .

6
________________________________________________________________________________

6.1

.6.1 :
Q Q Q Q Q Q
FA = k0 A 2D , FB = k0 B 2D , FC = k0 C 2 D ;
4a 2a a
FA x = FA , FA y = 0 ;
FB x = FB cos 45o , FB y = FB sin 45o ;
FC x = 0 , FC y = FC ;
FD x = FA x + FB x + FC x = 191.42[nN] ,
FD y = FA y + FB y + FC y = 0 ,
F D = FD x x + FD y y = 191.42 x[nN].