9.

19 Proble ms
Example 9.1:Determine the natural frequency of a machine foundation which has a base area of
2.5 m 2.5 m and a weight of 150 kN including the weight of the machine. Take the value of the
coefficient of elastic uniform compression as 4.35 10 4 kN/m3 .

Solution:

As we know,

M=150/9.81 kN.sec2 /m

n = (4.35 104 2.52 9.81/150)=133.34 rad/sec

Natural Frequency, fn = n /2 = 21.22 Hz

Example 9.2:The exciting force in a constant force-amplitude excitation is 80 kN. The natural
frequency of the machine foundation is 2 Hz. The damping factor is 0.25. Determine the
magnification factor and the transmitted force at an operating frequency o f 6 Hz.

Solution:

Frequency ratio = 6/2 =3, Damping factor D=0.25

Substituting the values of D and , 1 = 0.122

Substituting the values of D and , T= 0.190

Transmitted force = 0.190 80=15.24 kN

Example 9.3: Design a suitable block foundation for a two-cylinder vertical compressor for the
following data:

Crank angles: 0 and /2

Weight of compressor = 220 kN

Operating speed: 650 rpm

Total weight of rotating mass: 0.08 kN

Total weight of reciprocating mass: 0.30 kN

Radius of crank: 0.42 m

Safe bearing capacity of soil under static condition: 125 kN/m2

Co-efficient of elastic uniform compression: 45,000 kN/m3

Solution:

Calculation of unbalanced forces

Pz = (Mrec + Mrot ) R 2 cos (t+/4)

Mrec = 0.30/9.81 kN.sec2 /m

Mrot = 0.08/9.81 kN.sec2 /m

Pz.max = 2*(0.38/9.81)*0.42*(650*2/60)2 kN = 106.6 kN

Similarly Px can be calculated as;

Px = Mrot R 2 sin (t+/4)

Substituting the known values, we obtain P x.max = 22.44 kN

Size of Foundation
Let us assume a block of size 7m X 4m X 1m high for compressor foundation. The compressor
& motor should be arranged so that; the eccentricity of the resultant forces due to the weight of
the machine and foundation block do not exceed 5%

Weight of the foundation block= 7 4 1 24= 672 kN

Pressure on Foundation Soil

Total weight coming on soil = 220+ 672 = 892 kN

Area of Base = 7 4 = 28 m2

Therefore, stress on soil = 31.85 kN/m2

Safe bearing capacity = 125 kN/m2

Assuming reduction factor of 0.5, dynamic bearing capacity = 62.5 kN/m2 [Hence OK]

Amplitudes of Motion

n2 = CuA/M= 13587.17 / sec2

2 = (650*2/60)2 = 4633 / sec2

Amplitude of vibration

= P0 / M( n2 - 2 ) = 0.1309 mm

Since the value is less than 0.150 mm, is acceptable.