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A square footing must be designed to carry a 300KN load at a depth of 1.2 m on soil
with φ=30, Y=18.5 KN/m2 and c=12.5kPa Determine the required width of footing
Considering
iii) When the GWT is far below the bottom width (No effect of GWT)
Given data
P= 300kN
Φ=30o 𝛾𝑤 =10kN
γ=18.5𝒌𝑵 /𝒎𝟐
C=12.5kpa
FOS=3
SOLUTION
A) According to Terzaghi’s bearing capacity formula
N γ=19.7
Nq=22.5
Case i: - when GWT on the surface
𝜸′ = 𝜸𝒔𝒂𝒕 -𝛾𝑤 =18.5-10=8.5
Let d = 1.5m
Nq = NΦ= 18.40
Since the load is vertical we have inclination factors i.e, ic, iq, iγ= 1
Nq = NΦ= 18.40
Nq = NΦ= 18.40
1) drained condition
Bearing resistance factor
=18.384
Nc=(Nq-1)CotΦ’=(18.4-1)Cot30=30.137
N γ =2(Nq-1)tanΦ=2(18.4-1)tan30=20.092
Shape factors
Sq=1+sin30=1.5
S γ=0.7
Sc=(SqNq-1)/(Nctan φ)=(1.5*18.4-1)/(18.4-1)=1.534
Inclination factor
iq=1
ic=(iqNq-1)/(Nq-1)= 1
iγ=1
R/A= (CNcScic+qNq Sqiq+0.5 γ’BN γ S γ i γ)/FOS
300/B2=(12.5*15.567*1.534*1+8.5*1.2*15.567*1.5*1+0.5*8.5*B*16.82*0.7*1)/3
108.91B3+813.41B2-900=0
By trial and error
B=0.99m
1) drained condition
Sc=1.2
ic= 1
R/A= (2+Π)Cu* Sc* ic+q
300/B2=((2+3.14)*12.5*1.2*1+18.5*1.2)/3
300/B2=99.2/3
B=3m
D) Euro code bearing capacity
Sc=(SqNq-1)/(Nctan φ)=(1.5*18.4-1)/(18.4-1)=1.53
Inclination factor
ic=(iq-(1-iq))/(Nctan30)= =(1-(1-1))/(30.137tan30=0.7=0.057
iq=1
iγ=1
bc=(bq-(1-bq))/(Nctan30)= =(1-(1-1))/(30.137tan30=0.7=0.057
bq=1
bγ=1
300/B2=(12.5*30.137*0.057*1.53**1+8.5*1.2*18.4*1*1.5*1+0.5*8.5*B*20.092*1*0.7*1)/3
900=314.373B2+59.77B3
B=1.5m
4. A machine of mass 500 kg is spported on a RCC block of size L = 2500 mm; B = 1500
mm;& H = 400 mm. density of concrete is 2500 kg/m3. The block in turn is supported by a
lateral translational spring in X direction having stiffeness of kx = 2x107N/m attached at CG
of the base area of the block (point o) as shown in figure, height of the CG of machine
(point C) above top of the block is hl = 100 mm. CG of block and CG of the machine lie on
the same vertical line. Consider that the system is un damped and it is constrained to
translate only along X-axis. A dynamic force of Fx = 200 N at excitation frequency of (ω) =
50 rad/s is applied at the machine mass CG along X-axis. Find natural frequency of the
system and compute maximum amplitude of vibration at the machine center point C.
Given
Block size
L = 2500 mm
B = 1500 mm
H = 400 mm
kx = 2x107 N/m
Fx = 200 N
ω = 50 rad/s
Required
maximum amplitude
Solution
= 500 kg + 3750 kg
= 4250 kg
𝑘 2x107 𝑁/𝑚
𝜔𝑛 = √ = √ = 68.60 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠
𝑀 4250 kg
𝜔𝑛 68.60
Then the natural frequency in hertze will be Fn = = = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟗𝟐 𝑯𝒛
2𝜋 2𝜋
𝐹𝑜⁄
𝑘
The maximum amplitude 𝑍 =
√(1−𝐵2 )2 +(2𝐷𝐵)2
200⁄
𝑍= 2𝑥107 = 2.134𝑥10−5 𝑚𝑚 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟏𝟑 𝒎
√(1 − 0.7292 )2
5. Consider a circular footing with radius ro=2 m and a moment of inertia ,I𝜑=1.7×106 kgm2,
for rocking about a line through the center of the base of the footing. The shear modulus,
Gmax is measured to be 50 Mpa for the saturated,medium stiff clay in the site and the density
is ρ=2000kg/m3.
a) Determine the shear wave speed at the site ,the mass ratio, the dimensionless
resonance frequency for rocking of the footing and the dynamic amplification factor
using the exact elastic half space method.
b) Check the exact solution resonance fequency found in (a) by the resonance frequency
expression from 1 DOF analogue.
Given data
Radius(ro) = 2m
Density = 2000𝑘𝑔/m3
Poisson’s ratio for the saturated,medium stiff clay = 0.5
Solution
𝐺 50×106N/m2
a) Shear wave velocity (Vs) = √ = √ = 158.114m/s
𝜌 2000𝑘𝑔/m3
𝜌 𝜔ro
Dimensionless freqencey (a0) = 𝜔ro√ =
𝐺 Vs
3(1−v)I𝜑 3(1−0.5)×1.7×106
Mass ratio (B𝜑) = = = 4.98
8𝜌ro5 8×2000×(2)5
8Gro3 8×50×106×(2)3
K𝜑 = = = 2.13×109N/m
3(1−v) 3(1−0.5)
K𝜑 mro2
Then the natural freqencey (𝜔n) = √ but I𝜑 =
𝑚 4
I𝜑×4 1.7×106×4
m= = = 1700000kg
ro2 4
K𝜑 2.13×109
𝜔n = √ =√ = 35.397Hz
𝑚 1.7×106
𝜔ro 35.397
Then the Dimensionless resonance freqencey (a0) = = = 0.224
Vs 158.114