Gland Hormone Target tissue Principle Chemical

actions nature

Hypothalam Releasing hormones Adenohypophys Activate peptides

us is release of
adenohypop
hysial
hormones
Hypothalam Inhibiting hormones Adenohypophys Inhibit Peptides(e
us is release of xcept
adenohypop prolactin-
hysial inhibiting
hormones factor,
whichis
dopamine
Neurohypop Antidiuretic hormone kidneys Conserves Peptide (9
hysis (ADH) water by amino
stimulating acids)
its
reabsorption
from urine
Neurohypop Oxytocin 1) Uterus 1)stimulates Peptide (9
hysis 2) Mammar contraction amino
y glands 2)stimulates acids)
milk ejection
Adenohypop Adrenocorticotropic Adrenal cortex Stimulates Peptide (39
hysis hormone (ACTH) secretion of amino
adrenal acids)
cortical
hormones
such as
cortisol
Adenohypop Melanocyte- skin Stimulates Peptide(tw
hysis stimulating hormone color change o forms;13
(MSH) in reptiles amino
and acids and
amphibians; 22 amino
various acids)
functions in
mammals
Adenohypop Growth hormone (GH) Many organs Stimulates Protein
hysis growth by
promoting
bone growth,
protein
 synthesis,
and fat
breakdown
Adenohypop Prolactin (PRL) Mammary Stimulates protein
hysis glands milk
production
Adenohypop Thyroid –stimulating Thyroid gland Stimulates glycoprotei
hysis hormone (TSH) thyroxine n
secretion
Adenohypop Luteinizing hormone gonads Stimulates glycoprotei
hysis (LH) ovulation n
and corpus
luteum
formation in
females;
stimulates
secretion of
testosterone
in males
Adenohypop Follicle-stimulating gonads Stimulates glycoprotei
hysis hormone (FSH) spermatogen n
esis in
males;
stimulates
development
of ovarian
follicles in
females
Thyroid Thyroid hormones Most cells Stimulates Amino acid
gland (thyroxine and metabolic derivative
triiodothyronine) rate; (iodinated)
essential to
normal
growth and
development
Thyroid Calcitonin bones Inhibits loss Peptide (32
gland of calcium amino
from bone acids)
Parathyroid Parathyroid hormone Bones, kidneys, Raises blood Peptide (34
glands digestive tract calcium level amino
by acids)
stimulating
bone
breakdown;
stimulates
 calcium
reabsorption
to kidneys;
activates
vitamin D
Adrenal Epinephrine(adrenalin Smooth muscle, Initiates Amino acid
medulla e) and cardiac muscle, stress derivatives
norepinephrine(noradr blood vessels responses;
enaline) raises heart
rate, blood
pressure,
metabolic
rate; dilates
blood
vessels;
mobilize fat;
raises blood
glucose level
Adrenal Glucocorticoids(ex: Many organs Adaptation steroid
cortex cortisol) to long-term
stress; raises
blood
glucose
level;
mobilizes fat
Adrenal Mineralocorticoids(ex: Kidney tubules Maintains steroid
cortex aldosterone) proper
balance of
Na+ and K+
excretion
Pancreas Insulin Liver, skeletal Lowers blood Peptide (51
muscles, glucose amino
adipose tissue level; acids)
stimulates
glycogen,
fat, protein
synthesis
Pancreas Glucagon Liver, adipose Raises blood Peptide (29
tissue glucose amino
level; acids)
stimulates
breakdown
of glycogen
in liver
Ovary Estradiol 1)general 1-stimulates steroid
2) female development
Reproductive of female
structures secondary
sex
characteristi
cs
2-stimulates
growth of
sex organs
at puberty
and monthly
preparation
of uterus for
pregnancy
Ovary Progesterone 1)uterus 1)completes steroid
2)mammary preparation
glands for
pregnancy
2)stimulates
development
Testis Testosterone 1)many organs 1)stimulates steroid
2)male development
reproductive of secondary
structures sex
characteristi
cs in males
and growth
spurt at
puberty
2)stimulates
development
of sex
organs;
stimulates
spermatogen
esis
Pineal gland Melatonin Gonads, brain. Regulates Amino acid
Pigment cells biological derivative
rhythms