Lecture Notes:

Harmonic Intervals. An interval is the distance (in scale steps) between two pitches. A harmonic
interval occurs when two notes are played at the same time. Intervals can also be melodic, meaning
that the two notes are played in sequence, one after the other.

There are two kinds of melodic motion: by step and by leap (also sometimes called a skip). A step
involves motion from a line up or down to an adjacent space, or from a space up or down to an adjacent
line. A leap is any motion bigger than a step. Steps and leaps may be either ascending or descending.

Start treble clef on G line

Enharmonic equivalents – same pitch (note that E and F, and B and C have half steps between)

C = common time (4/4)

₵ = cut time (2/2)