MUSIC

WHAT
IS
AN F-CLEF?
F-CLEF IS A MUSICAL SYMBOL DRAWN
ON THE FOURTH LINE OF THE STAFF
HAVING TWO DOTS PLACED BESIDE IT.
F- CLEF

F - Fa

Do
 WHAT ARE THE
PITCH NAMES OF
EACH LINE AND
SPACE ON THE F-
STAFF?
LINES
SPACES

F A C E G B
Line Notes: G B D F A

So-Fa names: So Ti Re Fa La
Space Notes: F A C E G

So-Fa Names: Fa La Do Mi So

F A C E G B
 WHAT
ARE
INTERVALS
OF NOTES?
 IT IS THE MOVEMENT OF NOTES ON
THE STAFF
THE DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO NOTES
OR PITCHES IS CALLED INTERVAL
WHAT ARE INTERVALS OF
NOTES?
• It refers to the
movements of notes
on the staff
• We can hear high and
low tones in a song.
• Notes are arranged
with their
corresponding
distances either on line
or space on the staff.
TWO TYPES OF MELODIC
MOTION
1. CONJUNCT, WHEN MELODY
MOVES IN SMALL INTERVAL
 2. DISJUNCT, WHEN
MELODY INTERVAL MOVES
OR LEAPS
HINDU ARABIC NUMBERS:
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 are used to indicate the distances
between notes.
TWO KINDS IF
INTERVAL
1. MELODIC
Notes are arranged
horizontally and the tones are
sounded one after the other.

2. HARMONIC
Notes are arranged
vertically and the tones are
sounded together.
HARMONIC INTERVALS
MELODIC INTERVALS
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C C C D CE CF CG CA C B C-C
(octave)
WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT
MELODIC
INTERVALS OF
NOTES IN C
MAJOR?
DIFFERENT
TONAL
MOVEMENTS
These movements
give feeling of
excitement among
listeners. TONAL
MOVEMENTS
principle of
organizing musical
compositions around
a central note, the
tonic.
1. PRIME INTERVAL
IS THE DISTANCE OF
NOTES THAT STAY IN THE
SAME PLACE. ALSO CALLED
UNISON.
2. SECOND INTERVAL
IS THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN C AND D.
3. THIRD INTERVAL
IS THE INTERVAL
BETWEEN C AND E.
4. FOURTH INTERVAL
IS THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN C AND F.
5. FIFTH INTERVAL
IS THE DISTANCE
BETWEEN C AND G.
6. EIGHTH INTERVAL OR
OCTAVE
IS THE DISTANCE BETWEEN
LOWER C (DO) TO HIGHER C
(HIGHER DO).
WHAT IS A
MELODIC
SHAPE OR
CONTOUR?
 MELODIC
CONTOUR
Notes that are
grouped together
as phrases and can
go steps, skips, or
even jumps on the
staff.
1. NOTES CAN MOVE BY STEP -
THIS MEANS THERE WILL BE A
NOTE ON EVERY LINE AND
SPACE, CONSECUTIVELY
2. NOTES CAN MOVE BY SKIP - THIS
MEANS THAT NOTES ARE PLACED
ON THE STAFF OR SOUNDED BY A
PATTERN OF SKIPPING EVERY
OTHER NOTE.
NOTES CAN MOVE BY JUMP -
THIS MEANS THAT THE
DISTANCE BETWEEN THE NOTES
IS FARTHER THAN A SKIP.
1. MEDIUM/ NARROW
•A narrow contour because
the movements of the
notes is from medium to
narrow interval.
 2. WIDE
•The interval
of note leaps.
SCALE IN MUSIC
•A musical scale is a
group of eighth
notes/pitches that are
arranged ascending or
descending manner.
1. C MAJOR SCALE IS CONSIDERED THE
MOST COMMON SCALE WHERE THERE
IS NEITHER SHARP (#) NOR FLAT SIGN
(♭)IN IT.

WS WS HS WS WS WS HS
 2. G MAJOR SCALE IS A
MAJOR SCALE THAT HAS
ONE SHARP (#) LOCATED
ON THE F LINE OF THE STAFF.
 WHAT IS
PENTATONIC
SCALE?
 PENTATONIC
•The word pentatonic
comes from the Greek
word “pente” meaning
five, and “tonic” which
means sound. Pentatonic
scale consists of five notes
in scale.