PRESIDENT RAMON MAGSAYSAY STATE UNIVERSITY

Masinloc Campus

TEACHING MUSIC IN
ELEMENTARY
GRADES
MODULE 3
TEACHING THE
3.1. Musical Content on CONTENT OF MUSIC
Melody
3.2. Musical Content on
IN THE CLASSROOM
Harmony and Texture

JEFFREY N. ELAD
Instructor
 PRESIDENT RAMON MAGSAYSAY STATE UNIVERSITY
Masinloc Campus

TEACHING MUSIC IN
THE ELEMENTARY
GRADES

In this lesson, the students will able to:

1. Get a bird’s-eye view of contents topics under Melody, Harmony
and Texture as written in the DepEd curriculum
2. Review and familiarize with the musical content pertaining to
Melody, Harmony and Texture.
Overview and Review
Grades 1 and 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6

Pitch Pitch Intervals Accidentals Intervals

Simple Bass Clef or F- Major and

Melodic Lines Scales
Melodic clef Melodic Minor Scales
Patterns Melodic Melodic Emphasis on
Melodic Contours Contours these scales:
Patterns and
C Major, G
Contour Intervals
Patterns of Major, and F
Successive Major
Pitches of a C Scales (C Major,
Major Scale G Major, and the
Pentatonic Scale)
MELODY is a collection of
musical tones that
are grouped
together as a
single entity.
1. PITCH

Pitch - In music, pitch simply refers to the highness or lowness

of a sound. Usually, pitches are labelled in two standard ways:
by letters (C, D, E, F, G, etc.) or by "sol-fa syllables" (do, re, mi, fa,
sol, etc.). Pitches are presented by notes written on the staff.
1. PITCH

Pitch Name
1. PITCH
STAFF
is a group of five horizon lines and four
spaces where pitches are notated

GRAND STAFF
is a pair of two staves
written together.
1. PITCH

G CLEF / TREBLE CLEF

CLEFS
are symbols place at the
beginning of a staff to
show the position of
pitches
F CLEF / BASS CLEF
1. PITCH

LEDGER LINES
are horizontal lines written above or below staves to
represent notes that are not normally found within the five
lines and four spaces of a staff.
 1. PITCH
BAR LINES
Aa vertical lines that divide the
staff into measure.

BRACE
Is a symbol
written to connect
two or more
staves together.

Measure
PITCH NAMES (G-CLEF)

E G B D F
v o o o i
e o y e n
r d s s e
y
PITCH NAMES (G-CLEF)

D C
PITCH NAMES (F-CLEF)

G B D F A A C E G
o o o i l l a a r
o y n w l t t a
d s e a s
y s
s
2. INTERVALS
INTERVALS - It is the distance relationship between two pitches.

A. MELODIC INTERVAL- that is, the two pitches are sounded separately, one after the
other.

A. HARMONIC INTERVAL- when two pitches are sounded together simultaneously.

2. INTERVALS
The intervals between pitches in a melody give us an idea about its pattern and contour.
These are determined by the intervals used, whether there are steps, skips, or huge leaps
between pitches.
Melodic Contour refers to the sequence of motions between notes of a melody. In other
words, contour is a measurement of how a melody moves between individual notes. All
melodies have contour and it's one of the properties that's most useful for identifying and
cataloguing melodies
2. INTERVALS
The intervals between pitches in a melody give us an idea about its pattern and contour.
These are determined by the intervals used, whether there are steps, skips, or huge leaps
between pitches.
Melodic Contour refers to the sequence of motions between notes of a melody. In other
words, contour is a measurement of how a melody moves between individual notes. All
melodies have contour and it's one of the properties that's most useful for identifying and
cataloguing melodies

MELODIC PATTERNS
2. INTERVALS

Unison 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th

7th 8th Octave

3. ACCIDENTALS
ACCIDENTALS - These are signs written to either raise or lower a pitch by a half step
or a whole step.

There are five commonly used accidentals:

1. Sharp
2. Flat
3. Natural
4. double sharp
5. double flat
3. ACCIDENTALS
1. Sharp - is used to raise a pitch one half step. A sharp symbol (#) is
written before a note or pitch. The effect of a sharp is good only for one
measure.

#
Measure 1 Measure 2

In the illustration above, there are two measures. The first measure shows how the
sharp sign is written, before a note or pitch. In the second measure, the pitch Fa or F
becomes natural again
3. ACCIDENTALS
2. Flat - is used to lower a pitch one half step. A flat symbol (b) is written
before a note or pitch. The effect of a sharp is good only for one measure,
unless it is written in the key signature (the area between the clef and the
time signature) that denotes what key a piece of music is in

Measure 1 Measure 2
3. ACCIDENTALS
3. Natural – this symbol cancels out any sharp or flat signs.
B

#
Measure 1 Measure 2

B
3. ACCIDENTALS
4. Double Sharp - raises a pitch by one whole step.

Measure 1 Measure 2

B
3. ACCIDENTALS
5. Double Flat - lowers a pitch by one whole step.

Measure 1 Measure 2

B
4. SCALE
SCALE - A scale is a group of specific pitches going from lowest to highest or
vice versa. There are many different kinds of scales, but the most commonly
used are the major and the minor scales.

A. The C Major Scale

B. The F Major Scale
C. The G Major Scale

Each of them uses a different set of pitches, but they have the same pattern in
construction.
4. SCALE
KEY SIGNATURE

-an arrangement of
sharps and flats
usually written at the
beginning of a staff
which identifies and
presets which notes
are to be played sharp
or flat.
4. SCALE
a. The C Major Scale
Major scales are constructed following a certain pattern which makes them
sound more on the "happy side." Minor scales, on the other hand, sound rather "sad."
Let us look at how the C major scale is constructed:

The C major scale has a key signature of 0 sharps and 0 flats, that is, all the notes or
pitches found within this scale are played in the white keys of a piano. There are no
sharps and flats used in this scale.
4. SCALE
b. The F Major Scale
The F major scale has a key signature of 1 flat, and this note is the note B or Ti. That
means that all the B in a piece or song written in the key of F major are
automatically flat, unless a natural sign is placed before it. In the piano keyboard,
that means that playing a piece in F major requires you to play one black key, in
this case, B-flat (Bb).
4. SCALE
a. The G Major Scale
The G major scale is constructed the same way as C and F major, but its key
signature has 1 sharp, and this note is F. This means that all the Fs in a piece or song
written in the G major key are automatically sharp, unless a natural sign is placed before
it.
 • The harmony is the
vertical aspect of music.
HARMONY • Harmony is sounding more
than one note together at
the same time and is built
to compliment the melody
line. When 3 or more notes
are combined to sound
together, we call it a chord.
HARMONIC INTERVAL

Unison 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th

Harmonic Interval
Is the distance between two pitches or notes
that sound together, as oppose to melodic intervals,
where two pitches are played one after another.
7th 8th/ Octave
 HARMONIC INTERVAL
A triad consists of three notes stacked in consecutive thirds. A triad
is also called a chord as well as a harmony.

The lowest note of a triad when it is stacked in thirds is called the root. The
middle note is the third and the highest note of the triad is the fifth.
HARMONIC INTERVAL
Primary Triads
are the most commonly used chords in Western tonal music.
Many popular songs are built around these three triads.
Three primary chords in the key of C Major:
a. Tonic (C scale)
b. Sub dominant (F Major)
c. Dominant (G Major)
 • Refers to the blending and

TEXTURE manipulating of different

sounds and melodic lines
happening simultaneously
in music.
• This pertains to the
thickness and thinness, or
heaviness of a musical
piece.
TEXTURE
THREE TYPES OF TEXTURE IN MUSIC
❖ Monophonic Texture- is music that consists only of one single
melodic line without any background support or accompaniment. It
comes form the Greek word that means “Mono”-one, “phone”-voice.

❖ Homophonic Texture- is a type of texture wherein one melodic line

or part is given primary interest and is given a subordinate
supporting accompaniment. Origin: “homo”-same; “phone”- voice.

❖ Polyphonic Texture- is music that consists of several melodic lines,

combined simultaneously. Origin: “poly”-many; “phone”- voice.
ACTIVITY NO. 4
Chose one folk song. Listen to it and then answer the following questions
based on what you listened to. Prepare to sing the song.

1.How do the pitches of the melody move? In steps or skips? Are there any
patterns present in the melody? Please describe.

2. Listen/look at the first notes of the song’s melody. Can you tell the interval
was used? What interval is it? Does it move ascending or descending?