Unit 1 Exam practice

Reading
Seeing with sound
1 Choose the correct answers.
A  ne day in the early 1970s, a group of children
O 1 Daniel Kish believes that blind children:
watched eight-year-old Daniel Kish hurtle down the
A are told too often that they shouldn’t do things.
hill on his bicycle. They stared in horror as he collided
B are treated the same as children who haven’t got a
with some metal dustbins and a street light. However,
disability.
although his face was bleeding badly, Daniel simply
stood up and walked home. Pain was something that C should be treated differently from able-bodied
children.
Daniel was used to. He had been blind since he was
a baby and was learning to get around by using his 2 Echolocation:
ears to guide him. Inevitably, this meant having a few A is a system of locating objects that is commonly
accidents along the way. used by humans.
B enables animals to see people.
B Daniel was born in California in 1966. He lost his sight
C is a system of locating objects through sound.
because of cancer when he was thirteen months old.
3 When sound waves bounce off different surfaces:
According to him, he then entered a world where blind
children were constantly told what they could not do A they always produce the same sound.
and advised to do only the simplest tasks. However, B they immediately become quieter.
Daniel refused to be treated differently from other C they make different sounds, depending on the type
children. Over the years, he got better at avoiding of surface.
accidents because he managed to work out where
objects were by clicking his tongue. By listening to the
2 Answer the questions using your own words.
way the sound waves produced by this action bounced 1 Why was Daniel used to experiencing pain when he was
off different surfaces, he became able to locate things young?
such as buildings, trees and people. Although he was
initially unaware of it, Daniel was using a system called
echolocation, which is more commonly used by animals
2 Why do some people disapprove of echolocation?
such as bats, whales and dolphins. Give two reasons.
C If the idea of echolocation sounds strange, imagine
this: you throw a tennis ball at a hard surface, like a
wall, and listen to the sound it makes. You then throw
the ball at something softer, like a bush. Obviously, Use of English
you will hear a very different sound. That is how
echolocation works, except that, instead of hurling 3 Find synonyms in the text for the following words.
physical objects at things, you make a noise to project
1 move very fast (paragraph A)
sound waves on to them. It is a system that has helped
Daniel to go camping on his own, swim, cook and 2 hit (paragraph A)
dance. Daniel has been passing on this system to other 3 throwing (paragraph C)
blind people since 2000 through the organization, 4 supporters (paragraph D)
World Access for the Blind.
4 Write questions for the answers according to the
D Despite the freedom that echolocation has given information in the text.
Daniel, some people disapprove of his technique. 1 It works by projecting sound waves on to different
They argue that echolocation requires a huge amount objects in order to locate them.
of effort and therefore benefits only a very small

proportion of the blind community. Other people
view the tongue-clicking used in echolocation as a 2 He’s been doing it since 2000.
form of antisocial behaviour. Nevertheless, the results
speak for themselves. Daniel and other advocates 3 They think that echolocation is too difficult for most
of echolocation can navigate the most complex of blind people.
environments, from bustling restaurants to crowded
streets, without having to rely on their sense of touch
to work out where things are. In order to gain this Writing
level of freedom and independence, Daniel has had to
be persistent, but nobody can tell him what he can or 5 Describe a difficulty that you or someone you know has
cannot do. overcome. Write 100–150 words.

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 Unit 1 Exam practice
Listening 7 Dr Richards says that people:
A only use one learning style.
1 Research shows that there are five different styles of B use several learning styles.
learning. Look at the styles below and match them to
their meanings. Then listen to the radio interview and C are visual learners.
check your answers. 8 Associating a smell with something you’re trying
to learn:
1 print learners
A makes you want to drink coffee.
2 aural learners
B can help you to remember information.
3 visual learners
C only works when you smell something pleasant.
4 tactile learners
5 olfactory learners Speaking
A people who prefer to listen to information 1 Look at the photo and answer the questions.
B people who prefer to use their sense of smell
C people who prefer to use their sense of touch and
move around
D people who prefer to read and write down information
E people who prefer to study pictures and graphs

2   Read questions 1–8. Then listen to the radio

4.9
interview and choose the correct answers.
1 The presenter describes a ‘typical’ learning situation as:
A a lesson in a school classroom.
B a university lecture.
C a discussion among university students.
2 Dr Richards tells the presenter that: 1 What is the woman wearing in her ear? Why is she
wearing it? What sort of problems must she overcome
A university teaching methods have changed a lot
in everyday life?
recently.
2 If you had to lose one of the five senses tomorrow,
B university teaching methods haven’t changed at
which would you choose and how would the loss affect
all recently.
your life?
C she doesn’t know what university lectures are like
these days. 2 You and your partner are discussing whether or not
3 During a typical university lecture: echolocation is an effective tool for blind people.
A students retain 70% of all the information given Prepare and practise a conversation in which one of you
to them. is in favour of echolocation and the other is against it.
Think of different points that support both sides of the
B the amount of information that students retain argument. Use the expressions below for justifying your
declines during the lecture. opinions.
C 20% of students retain more than 70% of the
information given to them.   Justifying opinions
4 According to Dr Richards, university lecturers are From my point of view, …
now:
The reason is …
A discouraging students from moving around during
lectures. I feel this way because …
B encouraging students to make videos of their work. The evidence that supports this is …
C encouraging students to talk more during lectures. My personal opinion is …
5 Tactile learners:
A often draw while they’re learning. 3 In pairs, prepare and practise a role-play in which an
echolocation teacher is offering to teach the system
B can only learn when they’re holding a pen or pencil.
to a blind person. One person is the teacher and the
C often feel uncomfortable during lectures. other is the blind person. The blind person is interested
6 Tactile learners sometimes annoy other students in in the system, but is slightly nervous about it. Use the
lectures because: language from exercise 2 to plan your conversation.
A they get irritated easily.
B they move around a lot.
C they’re always drawing things.

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