West Visayas State University

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Center for Training and Center of Excellence for Teacher Education
GRADUATE SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City, Philippines

I. Learning Competency: Investigate properties and characteristics of light and sound. (S4FE-IIIh-5)

II. Learning Objectives: At the end of the lesson 75% of the learners must have:
A. General Objectives: identified how sound is produced.
B. Specific Objectives:
a. investigated how sound is produced;
b. named objects that produce sound;
c. identified the uses of sound, and
d. showed persistence and cooperation in doing the different group activities.
II. Subject Matter
A. Topic: Sound
B. Science Concept/s:
Sound is produced when an object vibrates
Vibration is the back and forth movement of the sound
Frequency of sound is the number of vibrations in a given unit of time.
Pitch is determined by the frequency of a vibrating object. Objects vibrating faster have a
higher pitch than objects vibrating slower.
C. Science Process Skills: observing, investigating, communicating
D. Value focus:
Show persistence in working and able to cooperate actively with the group
activities.

E. Reference: Science Links 5: Worktext in Science and Technology, Larisma, E.T. and Mariano J.J. M.,
youtube.com
F. Materials: Projector, laptop, strings, cans, rubber bands, cellophane paper, nail, hammer,
straws, tape, ruler, balloon, containers, manila paper, guitar

III. Presentation:
A. Engage
Close your eyes. Listen carefully to what I will be playing. What have you heard? Where do you
think it come from?
Kindly raise your right hand. Put that hand on your neck. Say something. What can you feel
every time you talk? What is produced when you open speak? (answer: sound)

Probing question: How sound is produced?

B. Explore
The class will be divided into 4 groups. There are four stations inside the room. Every group will
follow the given patterns for the activity.
Group 1 ( station: 1-2-3-4)
Group 2 ( station: 2-3-4-1)
Group 3 ( station: 3-4-1-2)
Group 4 ( station: 4-1-2-3)
Each group will be given activity sheet as guide to do the task.
Remember: Always take safety precautions!
Station 1. Straws and masking tape.
Instruction: Unroll the tape on the floor for about 1 meter. Stick the straws one
inch apart with the other on the tape. After sticking all the straws, stick the tape
on top of it to avoid from falling it.
Now, hold the two ends of the object you made and flick one end. Observe what
happened. Try to flick stronger. Write down your observations.

Prepared by: WILROSE P. ANDRADE, MAEd Elementary Science. Selected Topics in Biological Science
 West Visayas State University
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Center for Training and Center of Excellence for Teacher Education
GRADUATE SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City, Philippines

Station2. A long string and 2 empty cans

Instructions: Using a nail and a hammer, make a small hole on the bottom part
of the can. Insert the end of the string on the hole and tie it up. Do the same on
the other can on the other end of the string.
Now, let’s play! Two members will hold the two cans. Be sure to stretch the
string tightly. now, one member will hold the can near his/her ear. The second
one will talk on the can. Observe what happened to the string as someone
talking on the other end of it.
Station 3. Drum
Instructions:
1. Cover open side of the container using the balloon or a piece of cloth
and tie it using a rubber band.
2. Put some grains on it.
3. Hit the drum using a stick. Observe what will happen to the grains.
Station 4. Guitar playing
Instructions:
1 Hold the guitar. Strum the strings of the guitars. Observe what
happens.
2. Strum the thickest string and listen carefully and describe what kind of
sound it produced.
3. Strum the thinnest string and compare its sound to the sound
produced by the thickest string.

Each group will proceed to their posts to start the activity. Each group should write their
investigations and their observation s on their activity sheet.

C. Explain
Now, let us all listen to the reports of your investigations.
At this moment, let us all focus our eyes on the screen as we are about to watch a video clip
presentation about how sound is produced and how it travels.
Sound is produced when an object vibrates. At the start of our class I asked you to put
your hand on your neck and observe what happened if you speak. Every time we speak,
you can feel the vibration.
Vibration is the back and forth movement. Look closely to the strings of the guitar. Every
time I strum the guitar, the strings move. This movement is called vibration and whenever
there is vibration, sound is produced.
The sound travels in waves and can be described by the wavelength and frequency of the
waves. The soundwave travel through a medium it can travel into three state of matter: solid,
liquid, and gas.
A frequency of sound is the number of vibrations in a given unit of time. Pitch is determined
by the frequency of a vibrating object. Objects vibrating faster have a higher pitch than objects
vibrating slower.
At this point, let’s do some activities. Can you create sound using the things near you?
Every time you clap or make sounds, there is a movement which causes vibrations in the
molecules which then causes other molecules around it to vibrate. This vibrations from
one molecule to another help the sound to travel.

Have you tried to call someone far? What have you observed? You have to shout
in order for him/her to hear you. Using your string telephone, can you hear your

Prepared by: WILROSE P. ANDRADE, MAEd Elementary Science. Selected Topics in Biological Science
 West Visayas State University
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Center for Training and Center of Excellence for Teacher Education
GRADUATE SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City, Philippines

classmate talking on the other line? Is it clear? Why do you think that you can clearly
hear your classmate speaking on the other can? Do you think that if the string will be
loosen slightly, you can still hear the sound from the other end distinctly?
What can you say about the sound? What is your conclusions?
D. Elaboration
I’ll be sending you out to our school library. I want you to research more about the
sound. Specifically how sounds are used? Together with your group, prepare a short
presentation or report about your research.
Why do you think that echolocation important to us?
Discuss the importance of echolocation. What will happen to the animals if echolocation process
is interrupted by natural factors?
E. Evaluate
(Activity sheets will serve as the evaluation)
IV. Assignment
With your group, prepare a presentation that showcases harmony of sound using only your body parts.

Prepared by: WILROSE P. ANDRADE, MAEd Elementary Science. Selected Topics in Biological Science
 West Visayas State University
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Center for Training and Center of Excellence for Teacher Education
GRADUATE SCHOOL
La Paz, Iloilo City, Philippines

ACTIVITY SHEET
Name: _______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Topic: Sound

Station 1: Wave Straw

Materials: Straw and masking tape
Questions:
1. What is made after you flick the ends of straw? Describe its movement.

2. Try to flick stronger the end of the wave straw. Describe its movement.

3. Do you think sound travel this way? Why or why not?

Station 2: Telephone Cup

Materials: small empty cans, long string, hammer, nail

Questions:
1. What have you observed on the string when someone is talking on the other end of the
telephone cup?

2. Can you hear clearly the sound from the other end of the telephone cup?

3. Why do you think you can hear or not hear what your partner said from the other end?

Station 3:
Materials: Guitar

Questions:
1. Strum the guitar. What have you observed on the strings of the guitar?

2. Strum the thickest string. Describe its sound. Is it high or low?

3. Strum the Thinnest string. Describe the sound produced. Is it high or low?

4. Why do you think there is sound whenever you strum the guitar?

Station 4:
Materials: 1 big can, balloon or cloth, grains and drum stick

Questions:
1. Put the grains on the top of your own made drum. Hit it. What happened to the grains?

2. Why do you think that the grains move up and down?

3. Is there sound produced after hitting the drum?

General Questions:

1. How do sound produced?

2. How do sound travel?

3. What are the things that can produce sound? Give at least 3.

Prepared by: WILROSE P. ANDRADE, MAEd Elementary Science. Selected Topics in Biological Science