Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
Form 3 – Chapter 1 - Lines and Angle II
In this chapter, you will learn:
1- Transversal is …………………….………………………………………………
Transversal crossing Transversal crosses Transversal cuts across
two lines two parallel lines three lines
2- Parallel line is ……………………………………………………………………
3- Corresponding Angles, Interior Angles and Alternate Angles
These lines are parallel, These lines are not parallel, These lines are parallel,
because a pair of because a pair of Interior because a pair of
Corresponding Angles Angles do not add up to 180°. Alternate Angles are
are equal. (81° + 101° =182°) equal.
4- To solve problems involving triangles
The sum of the angles of a triangle is 180°.
This is an example of following example 1.
5- To solve problems involving quadrilaterals
The sum of the angles of a quadrilateral is 360°.
This is an example of following example 2.
Short Summary:
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Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
Exercise 1:
AB and CD are parallel lines and EH is a transversal.
The size of angle EFB is (2x - 100)° and the size of
angle CGF is (x + 52)°
What is the actual size of the Angle EFB ?
A 12°
B 52°
C 72°
D 128°
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Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
Form 3 - Chapter 2 – Polygons II
2.1 Regular Polygon
1- A regular polygon has all sides of equal length and all interior angles of equal
size.
2- The number of _____________ of a regular polygon is the same as its
_________.
Name of Diagram of Number of
Polygons Polygons Sides Angles Vertices Symmetries Diagonals
Triangle 3 3
Quadrilater
4 4
al
Pentagon 5 5
Hexagon 6 6
Heptagon 7 7
Octagon 8 8
Nonagon 9 9
Decagon 10 10
Table 3
2.2 Exterior and Interior Angles of Polygons
1- Exterior angle is ___________________________________________________.
2- Interior angle is ____________________________________________________.
3- External angle and interior angle at a vertex are supplementary that is 180o.
4- The formula of finding external angle, interior angle and its number sides.
Each of external Number sides of regular
Sum of external angle
angle polygon
o 360o or (From external angle)
360 o
n 180 - (interior angle) 360o
= (external angle)
(external angle)
Sum of interior angle Each of interior angle Number sides of regular polygon
(n - 2) X 180o (From interior angle)
(number of the triangle) X 180o n or 360o
o o 180o- (interior angle) = (external angle)
= (n - 2) X 180 180 - (exterior angle)
= (internal angle)
Table 4
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Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
5- The completely notes of external angle, interior angle and its number sides.
Numb Sum of Each of Each of Sum of
Name of
er of external external interior interior
Polygons
sides angle angle angle angle
Triangle 3
Quadrilater
4
al
Pentagon 5
Hexagon 6
Heptagon 7
Octagon 8
Nonagon 9
Decagon 10
Table 5
6- Example 1: What is the exterior angle of a regular octagon? How many sides?
Answer Space:
(n - 2) X 180o
n or
180o- (exterior angle)
= (internal angle)
360÷___ =________ sides
Interior Angles - An angle inside a shape
Now tilt a line by 10°:
Triangles
80° + 70° + 30° = 180°
90° + 60° + 30° = One angle went up by 10°,
180° other angle went down by
10°
The Interior Angles of a Triangle add up to 180°
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Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
Quadrilaterals (Squares) Now tilt a line by 10°:
(A Quadrilateral has 4
straight sides) 80° + 100° + 90° + 90° =
90° + 90° + 90° + 90° 360°
= 360° It still adds up to 360°
The Interior Angles of a Quadrilateral add up to 360°
Because there are 2 triangles in a square.
The interior angles in a triangle add up
to 180° and for the square they add up
to 360° because the square can be made
from two triangles!
Pentagon
A pentagon has 5 sides, can be made from three
triangles,
so its interior angle is 3 × 180° = 540° and
when it is regular (all angles the same),
then each interior angle is 540° / 5 = 108°.
The Interior Angles of a Pentagon add up to 540°
Exercise 1:
The diagram shows a pentagon.
What is the size of the angle x°?
A 115°
B 200°
C 235°
D 245°
Exterior Angles – An angle between any side of a shape
– A line extended from the next side.
- The Exterior Angles of a Polygon add up to
360°
When we add up the Interior Angle and Exterior Angle we get a straight line 180°.
They are Supplementary Angles.
Exercise 2:
The exterior angles of a heptagon are y°, 2y°, 3y°, 3y°, 4y°, 5y° and 6y°
What is the value of y?
A y = 10 C y = 12.86
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Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
B y = 12 D y = 15
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Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
10.2 Calculation for Circle
𝜃
Formula: -Circumference = 2𝜋r -Arc = 2πr X 𝜋= 22
360𝑜
7
𝜃 = 3.142
-Area of the Circle = 𝜋r2 -Area of Sector = 𝜋r2 X
360𝑜
+ Review Form 2 - Chapter 6 - Pythagoras Theorem
(Triangle = 90o) Formula:
Hypotheses long2=short2+short2
short2=long2 - short2
Form 3 - Chapter 3 – Circle II
3.1 Properties of circle
1- The diameter of a circle is the axis of symmetry of the circle.
Chord Theorems
2- A chord is a straight line joining 2 points on the
circumference of a circle.
3- A radius or diameter that is perpendicular to a
chord divides the chord into two equal parts. (figure 1)
4- The perpendicular bisectors of the two different length
of chords intersect at the center of a circle. (figure 2)
5- Two chords that equal length are equidistant from the center of a circle. (figure 3)
6- Chords of the equal length cut the arcs of the same length. (figure 4)
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4
3.2 Properties of angles in circle
*Inscribed Angle:
- An angle made from points sitting on the circle's circumference.
A and C are "end points". .
*Inscribed Angle Theorems B is the "apex point".
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Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
.
1.‘Butterfly’ or ‘Two Butterfly Wings’ - 2. ‘Rocket’, ‘Butterfly at centre’ or
(Angles Subtended on Same Arc) ‘Diamond’ - (Angle at the Centre)
-The angle a° is always the same. -The angle a° is half of
-Distance of the arc same the angle 2a°.
and its vertex is touch on -Distance of the arc same
the circumference not at and one vertex is touch
centre: on the circumference and
Example: What is the size another one is touch
of Angle CBX? centre: y
Example: What is y?
-Opposite of ‘Rocket’ shape.
-label ao and 2ao.
Example: If a =135, 2a=___
Angle ADB = Angle ACB
= 32°.
Angle BXC = 85° and
Angle ACB = 32°
Now use angles of a triangle add to 180° :
Angle CBX + Angle BXC + Angle ACB =
180° [Link] in semi-circle
Angle CBX + 85° + 32° = 180° -The opposite of diameter
(known as hypotenuse) is
a right angle.
x=180o-90o-31o=______o
Angle CBX = 63°
x=_________ x=_________ x=_________
3.3Cyclic Quadrilaterals
4- Four vertex are touch circumference. Cyclic Quadrilaterals Non-Cyclic Quadrilaterals
'Diamond'
You must to know also:
-Interior angle ( [ ) and
alternate angle(Z) (form 3
chp 1) -Form of Parallel
line‘Butterfly’ or
‘Rocket’+‘Diamond’ or
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Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
Triangle in semi-circle or big triangle or in side the quadrilateral (180o). (chp 3.2
+ form 1+form3 )
Review Form 2 - Chapter 13 – Statistics
13.1 Data, Frequency and Tally
1. Data is ___________________________________________________________.
2. Numerical data can be classified into those data can be _______ and __________.
3. Frequency is to show how many times or ________________________________
_____________________________ and can be determined by counting and tallying.
*KBAT Question (total number)-(data value)
4. Fill up or construct the data in pictogram, bar chart and line graph.
13.2 – Pictogram, Bar chart, Line graph and Chart/Pie chart+(Form 3 Chp 4.1).
1. Representation and Angles to constructs the data.
2. To construct a Pie Chart need to calculate the angle of each sector of circle to
represent the data.
[Link] for represented of data can be in __________, in ____________, Histogram, in
____________, in ____________, or in t____ or in numbering or alphabetic only.
Review Form 3 - Chapter 4 – Statistics II
4.2 Mode, median and mean
Maximum = the most/the biggest number. Minimum = The less/the smallest number.
Mode= The most or highest value or item of frequency.
Formula: With Table Without Table
Median= The middle value of arranged data in order.
Formula: With Table Without Table
Mean=Average of data
With Table Without Table
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Mathematics Form 3 – Chapter 1, 2, 3 & 4 © Notes Prepared by Kelvin
Formula:
- Ended in Form Chapter 1 to 4 (NOTES) -
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