KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2

CHAPTER 8 GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS

8.1 FUNCTIONS

➢ Function is applied in the fields of economy, technology, science, engineering,

banking and mathematics. Among the careers that need knowledge on functions
are engineers, economist, auditors, lecturers and bankers.

➢ The concept of function helps in predicting the best time to trade shares in the
stock market

8.1.1 Definition of Functions

A. Identifying Functions

1. A relation connects elements in set A (domain) to elements in set B (codomain)

according to the definition of the relation.

2. In the relation between one set and another set, the first set is known as
the domain and the second set is known as the codomain.

3. Elements in the domain is called objects, whereas elements in the codomain

mapped to the objects is called the image.

4. Relation can be classified into 4 types:

a) One-to-one relation
b) Many-to-one relation
c) One-to-many relation
d) Many-to-many relation

Relations that are functions

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Relations that are not functions

5. Relation is the matching of items from set A to set B. Relations can be

represented by using the
(a) arrow diagram
(b) graph
(c) ordered pair
KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2
 KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2

8.1.2 Functions Representation

Set P = {9, 16, 25, 36} is the domain and the element is the object. Set Q = {1, 3, 4, 5, 6}
is the codomain. The elements in set Q that is matched to the object in set P is the
image. Set {3, 4, 5, 6} is the range of the function.
KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2
 KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2

8.2 GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS

8.2.1 Constructing a table of values

1. From the given function, a table of values can be constructed to determine the
corresponding value of the ordered pair (x, y) before the graph is drawn.

2. Types of Graphs
KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2
 KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2

3. Drawing a graph

The ordered pairs (x, y) can be plotted on a Cartesian plane

using the scale given. Next, the points are joined to form a
graph. To make it easier in constructing the graph, we can use
the following steps.
KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2
KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2
KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2
KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2
KSSM MATHEMATICS FORM 2