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દ પક . રામચંદાણી
અિધ ક ઇજનેર(િસિવલ)
૧૨-૧૦-૨૦૧૬
રણ સરોવરની ક પના
ક છ લો ુ રાત રા યની લગભગ ૨૫%
જ ટલો જમીનનો હ સો છે . આ લામાં કોઇ પણ બારમાસી
નદ ઓ નથી.
ુ નદ ઓ
ઐિતહાિસક વાત કર એ તો અ ક ઉ રથી આવી અને ક છમાં ૂણ થતી તે ુ ત થયેલ છે .
િસ ુ નદ :
અગાઉ િસ ુ નદ ુ ં પાણી ક છ ુ પહ ચ ુ ં અને હાલ
દ બ ી િવ તાર કહવાય છે , યાં આ
બાવ ળયાઓ િસવાય કાઇ જોવા મળ ુ ં અથી યાં િવ લ
ુ મા ામાં ચોખાની પેદાશ થતી હતી અને આ જ થો
બે થી ણ રા યોને રુ ો પાડવામાં આવતો.
( ુ ત થયેલ નદ ઓ – િસ ,ુ સર વતી અને ુ ી )
ણ
વષ 1819માં એક મહાકાય ુ ં પ થયો
ક ના કારણે જમીનમાં ૮૦ માઇલ લંબાઇ, ૧ માઇલ
ુ મીટર ઉપસી આવેલ. આ જમીને િસ ુ નદ
પહોળાઇની જમીન તેની સપાટ થી અ ક ુ ં પાણી રોક લી ુ
અને આ ુ દરતી બંધને લોકોએ “અ લાહ બંધ” ુ ં નામ આ . ુ ં
(અ લાહ બંધ)
વષ ૧૮૧૯ પહલા બ ી
િવ તારમાં િસ ુ નદ ુ પાણી જોવા
મળ ુ ં હ ,ુ ં વષ ૧૮૨૪માં ેજ આમ
ઓ ફસર મૅક ુ
ડ ક છના બ ી
િવ તારનો અ યાસ કરલ અને તેમને
િસ ુ નદ ના પાણીની જ યાએ દ રયા ુ ં
ખા ં પાણી જોવા મળે લ. ખા ં પાણી
ુ માસ
અ ક ુ ી બ ી િવ તારમાં રહ છે
ધ
અને તાપમાનના હસાબે જમીન પર
મીઠાનો થર મવા લાગે છે . વષ ની
આ ુ ભાગ
કયા પછ બ ીના અ ક
પર મીઠાનો મોટો થર મતા તે સફદ
રણમાં પ રવતન થયેલ છે . આ સફદ
રણમાં દર વષ ધોરડો ગામ ન ક
ક છ મેઇનલે ડનો ુ બાણ જનાર િવ તાર વગેર બાબતોને યાને રાખીને આ બાબતે િવગતવાર સવ
કરવામાં આવે તો કોઇ િનિ ત અ ભ ાય પર જઇ શકાય.
૩. ક છ મેઇન લે ડ પરથી ઉ ર તરફ વહતી નદ ઓ યાં રણને મળ છે તેની આ ુ બા ુ બંધ
બાંધી જળસં હ એકમો ઉભા કરવા.
આના માટ એક સવ ણ કર ુદ ુ દ જ યાએ નાના નાના બંધ બાંધી પાણી દ રયામાં જ ુ ં
ુ ના રોડ ઉપર આવેલ આડસર ન ક
અટકાવી શકાય. દા.ત ક છથી રાધન ર ક પર બંધ બાંધી શકાય.
ુ ાના એક લાકરાવાંડ ડમ આવેલ છે . તે ડમ ખાસ કર ને
રાપર તા ક ાર િનયં ણ માટ
બનાવવામાં આવેલ. આ ડમની આ ુ બા ુ હાલ ૩૦૦ થી ૪૦૦ ખે ુ તો લાભ લે છે અને આ ડમ કાયરત
થયા પછ તેમની વનશૈલીમાં ુ ાર આવેલ છે .
ધ
તોલાણી પોલીટકનીકના લે ચરર ી રિવ ુ નાણી
ર યાર તેમને મા ટર ડ ી કરવા માટ િવષય
ગે મારાથી ચચા કરલ યાર લાકરાવાંડ ડમને “રણ સરોવર”ના પાઇલોટ તર ક ગણીને અ યાસ કરવા
ુ
ચ .ુ આ અ યાસનો અહવાલ બે તરરા ય મેગેઝીનોમાં િસ ધ થયેલ છે .
ુ થી ખાવડા આશર ૭૦ ક .મીના
જ તર આવેલ છે , ખાવડા પછ બોડરના ર તે આશર ૨૦ ક .મી પછ
ઇ ડ યા જ ઉપર જો ડમ બનાવવામાં આવે તો ખાડ ુ ં પાણી બ ી િવ તારની જમીનમાં જ ુ અટક શક
અને વરસાદ ુ ં પાણી ખાડ માં જ ુ અટક ના કારણે ાર િનયં ણ થાય અને જમીન ફળ ુપ બની શક.
રણ સરોવર ો ટ ર પોટ
NAME OF PROPOSAL: TO INTERCEPT WATER OF RIVERS FROM
RAJISTHAN AND OTHER PARTS OF GUJARAT IN KACHCHH
Facts about Kachchh:
Kachchh district is surrounded by the Gulf of Kachchh and the Arabian Sea in
south and west, while northern and eastern parts are surrounded by the Great
and Small Rann (seasonal wetlands) of Kachchh. When there were not many
dams built on its rivers, the Rann of Kachchh remained wetlands for a large part
of the year.
Bhuj is the district head quarters of Kutch district. The district covers an area of
45, 652 sq. km with total population of 15, 26,321 according to 2001 census.
The Great Rann of Kutch, along with the Little Rann of Kutch and the Banni
grasslands on its southern edge, is situated in the district of Kutch and comprises
some 30,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi) between the Gulf of Kutch and the
mouth of the Indus River in southern Pakistan. The marsh can be accessed from
the village of Kharaghoda in Surendranagar District.
The Rann is famous for its marshy salt flats which become snow white after the
shallow water dries up each season before the monsoon rains.
In India's summer monsoon, the flat desert of salty clay and mudflats, averaging
15 meters above sea level, fills with standing waters, interspersed with sandy
islets of thorny scrub, breeding grounds for some of the largest flocks of Greater
and Lesser Flamingoes, and is a wildlife sanctuary [7]. At its greatest extent, the
Gulf of Kutch on the west and the Gulf of Cambay on the east are both united
during the monsoon.
The district is also famous for ecologically important Banni grasslands with their
seasonal marshy wetlands which form the outer belt of the Rann of Kutch.
The total area of Kachchh covers about 25% of area of Gujarat where as
population of the area is only 2.5 % of population of Gujarat.
There are no perennial rivers in Kachchh, all the seasonal rivers emerges from the
mountain range of Kachchh and ends up to the sea.
Some ancient facts about the rivers:
The Ghaggar River:
which presently empties into the desert of northern Rajasthan, formerly emptied
into the Rann of Kutch, but the lower reaches of the river dried up as its upstream
tributaries were captured by the Indus and Ganges thousands of years ago. Traces
of the delta and its distributary channels on the northern boundary of the Rann of
Kutch were documented by the Geological Survey of India in 2000.
Sindhu river :‐
Till year 1819 Indus river ( Sindhu river) use to flow into the Kachchh due to which
there was great prosperity in the area. In year 1819 due to earthquake “
Allahband” ( Natural dam ) was created on the mouth of river Indus. This resulted
in blockage of water entering in the Kachchh.
Traces of Saraswati river:
Canal structures of Ancient KUTCH SARASWATI Civilisation during the Harappan
and post Harappan times.
Many of us have visited Dholavira and seen water reservoir of the ancient time of
Saraswati civilisation time.
But we do not see the actual irrigation channels of the water which brings the
water to those reservoir nor the DAM area to elevate the water level of the river
so water can travel through those channels to the reservoir with gravity force
only.
But That’s the actual Beauty and the importance of those ANCIENT Architect of
WATER Irrigation Engineering during the Ancient time of Saraswati civilisation
time.
Traces of ancient civilization :
Dholavira is Harappan site located in the Great Rann of Kachchh on a Khadir Bet.
At present the Rann is a dry area but during good monsoon it gets flooded.
Dholavira is supposed to have witnessed the earliest habitation of protohistoric
period in Gujarat. Excavation has revealed a long cultural sequence which
commences from the beginning of the third millennium BC, when perhaps a
group of people from Makran coast arrived on the island through Kori creek. This
assumption is based on the ceramic feature resembling those from the Amerian
culture (datable to 3000 BC). Similar pottery has also been reported from other
Harappan sites of Kachchh. The base of Rann of Kachchh might have been under
10 m deep water for 3000 years19 and the Khadir Bet could have served as an
island in the shallow sea. It is not clear why people settled on an island rather
than on the mainland, where agriculture and other commodities, including
marine resources could be better exploited. The inference is that Dholavira was
an active port and the Harappans must have found that this port was a safe
harbour for anchoring boats. The long habitational history of the area highlights
the importance of the location and of maritime activities. The location of the site
seems to be favourable even for riverine navigation, in case one is not inclined to
consider this a port site.
The Great Rann and Little Rann are unique examples of Holocene sedimentation.
The two Ranns represent filled‐up gulf and mark the site of accumulation in an
estuarine delta environment that was marked by a fluctuating strandline since the
advent of Holocene. Gupta28 mentioned that ‘Holocene sediments of the Little
Rann and Nal Lake were contemporaneous’. The lowermost sandy clay horizon
extends from about 9000 BP to about 4200 BP overlain by the silty clay horizon
dating from 4200 to 1500 BP and then again by the most recent silty clay horizon’.
He further suggested that even as late as 2000 years ago, Little Rann was about
4 m deep and thus was inundated throughout the year.
There are also evidences of earthquake from phase III of Dholavira in Khadir Bet
of Rann of Kachchh30 which may be datable to around 2200 BC. Perhaps the
effect of earthquake such as collapse of houses and diversion of drainage system,
and finally the uplift of Rann were responsible for the decline of Harappans at
Dholavira. There are evidences of navigation in the Rann of Kachchh during the
historical period. The author of Periplus of Erythraean Sea writes ‘Beyond the
river Sinthus there is another gulf, not navigable, running in towards the north; it
is called Eirinon; its parts are called separately the small gulf and the great; in
both parts the water is shallow, with shifting sand‐banks occurring continually
and a great way from shore; so that often when the shore is not even in sight,
ships run aground, and if they attempt to hold their course they are wrecked.
Necessity of the proposal:‐
Due to trace of ancient rivers there was prosperity in the Kachchh , hence the
population of Kachchh in year 1744 was estimates as 10,00,000 which was
reduced drastically after the stoppage of surface resources , after creation of
Allahband the population in year 1821 of Kachchh was reduced to 50% i.e only
5,00,000 only and which was reduced further to 3,50,000 in year 1823. The social
economic balance was disturbed which resulted the decrease in prosperity and
population. Hence now it is again time to make efforts to revive the same.
Proposal:
Water from river Luni of Rajasthan , Banas and other small tributaries of
mountain region enters in Rann of Kachchh and is lost in the sea without any
utility , hence it is proposed to tap the water and accommodate in the Rann of
Kachchh.
About river Banas:
The West Banas is a river of western India. It originates the southern Aravalli
Range, in Sirohi District of the state of Rajasthan. It flows south, draining the
valley between Mount Abu on the west and the easterly ridge of the Aravallis on
the east. It continues south through the plains of Gujarat state, flowing through
Banaskantha and Patan districts to empty into Little Rann of Kutch seasonal
wetland. Banas River Basin is located in east‐central Rajasthan, between latitudes
24o15' and 27o20'N and longitudes 73o25' and 77o00'E. Aligned NE‐SW, it is
bounded by the Luni Basin in the west, the Shekhawati, Banganga and Gambhir
Basins in the north, the Chambal Basin in the east, and the Mahi and Sabarmati
Basins in the south.
The Basin extends over parts of Jaipur, Dausa, Ajmer, Tonk, Bundi, Sawai
Madhopur, Udaipur, Rajsamand, Pali, Bhilwara and Chittorgarh Districts.
The total catchment area of the Basin is 45,833 km2 according to the 1:250,000
scale topographical maps published by the Survey of India.
About Luni river:‐
The Luni is a river of western Rajasthan state, India. It originates in the Pushkar
valley of the Aravalli Range, near Ajmer and ends in the marshy lands of Rann of
Kutch in Gujarat, after travelling a distance of 530 km. It is first known as
Sagarmati, then after passing Govindgarh, it meets its tributary Sarsuti, which
originates from Pushkar Lake, and from then on it gets its name Luni.
In 1892, Maharaja Jaswant Singh of Jodhpur constructed Jaswant Sagar in Pichiyak
village between Bilara and Bhavi of Jodhpur district. It is one of the largest
artificial lake in India, and irrigates more than 12,000 acres.
Works required to be carried out:
To construct a bund along Surajbari bridge so that flood water from the above
mentioned rivers may not enter into the sea. Also similar structure is required to
be constructed near India Bridge near Khavda.
Due to above works the flood water of the above catchment and rivers shall be
accommodated in Rann of Kachchh and large quantum of water could be stored.
In the recent news on TV‐9 it was displayed that due to construction of temprory
bund for the work of 3rd Surajbari bridge huge quantity of water from Banas river
had acculumated , the new also displayed the vast area of land covered with the
water of river Banas. Hence if some permanent measures are to be made for
interception of water , Kachchh can store huge quantity of fresh water on the
land.
Bottle necks:
Business of salt industries shall be affected and also business of fisheries to some
extent.
PAPER PUBLISHED IN INTRNATIONAL MAGAZINE
REGARDING “LAKARAVAND DAM”
WHICH IS PILOT STUDY OF
“RANN SAROVAR”