INTRODUCTION

All Buildings have some form of mechanical and

electrical services in order to provide the facilities
necessary for maintaining a comfortable working
environment. These services have to be controlled
by some means to ensure comfort conditions. Basic
controls take the form of manual switching, time
clocks or temperature switches. Here if Building
Management System (BMS), is introduced, we are
able to get a comfortable working environment in an
efficient way.

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What is BMS ?
 central controlling facility
 automate and take control of various operations
 manage all the systems
 coordinate the various systems
 provide a comfortable working environment in an
efficient way.
 Its purpose is to control, monitor and optimize building
services
 e.g., lighting; heating & cooling; security ; audio-visual
and entertainment systems; ventilation and climate
control; time & attendance control and reporting

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4 Building Management System Panel (BMS)
 BMS AND ENERGY SAVINGS
 With the usage of various building automation
techniques the energy efficiency is possible
 With the help of occupancy sensors provided in
various areas of the building, the service plants can
be brought into operation only when needed and
also to the optimum, thereby leading to huge energy
savings

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 BMS AND BENEFITS
• General
BMS improves quality of built environment, efficiency of
workstations, while allowing great savings in energy
consumption
• Security and Life safety systems
With the introduction of the various security and life
safety systems like Smart Access control, Smoke
detector, Fire alarm and Fire sprinkler, the environment
can be made much easy and fear free to work with
• Mechanical systems
*Provide an acceptable level of temperature and humidity
and safe guard against odours and indoor air pollutants.
*Create a sense of habitability through air movement,
ventilation and slight temperature variation.
*Allow the occupant to control and modify conditions to
suit individual preferences.
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 INTELLIGENT SAFETY SYSTEMS
Life safety factors involved in Intelligent
Buildings are:
 Closed-circuit television
 Card access control
 Smoke detection
 Emergency control of elevator, doors ,HVAC
system

 UPS
 ‘Data access’ security

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  CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISIONS AND
SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS
Closed-circuit television (CCTV) is the use of video
cameras to transmit a signal to a specific, limited set of
monitors. It differs from broadcast television in that the
signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ
point wireless links. CCTV is often used for surveillance
in areas, which need security, such as banks, casinos,
airports etc…. Modern CCTV cameras use small high
definition color cameras that can not only focus to
resolve minute detail, but by linking the control of the
cameras to a computer, objects can be tracked
automatically
 ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM
 Controlling access to any premise is of vital
importance at present, whether it is a high security area
such as a Hospital, Airport, Bank, or any common
8 building such as an Insurance Office, School, or
Department store.
 There are:Portrait ID System,Swipe Card Access
Control Systems, Biometric Access Control Systems
 SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEM
 Smoke is often the first sign that the fire is
occurring, therefore an automatic detection system
based on smoke detectors is a valuable tool in the
early dection of fire. Smoke detectors are commonly
classified by their mode of operation. Ionization
Smoke Detector:
 Ionization smoke detector uses a
a radioaCTive material to convert the air contained.

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 with in an ionization chamber into positive and negative
charges
 Photoelectric Smoke Detectors:
 Photoelectric smoke detectors use light to
detect visible smoke particles produced by burning
material

10  Fig2: Smoke sensor

  FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM:
 General:
 Fire sprinklers are very useful in extinguishing
the fire before it spreads out. More than
extinguishing it’s very important to control it.
Especially in libraries, office buildings, hotels etc,
its service is invaluable. Fire sprinklers can be
automatic or open orifice type.
 Automatic fire sprinkler:
 Automatic fire sprinklers operate at a
predetermined temperature, utilizing a fusible link,
a portion of which melts, or a frangible glass bulb
containing liquid which breaks, allowing the plug in.
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  the orifice to be pushed out of the orifice by the
water pressure in the fire sprinkler piping, resulting in
water flow from the orifice

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13 Automatic fire sprinkler
 INTELLIGENT COMFORT SYSTEMS
It is difficult to get an optimum working
environment only through design for the whole
year. Mechanical fans, desert coolers, air-
conditioners etc. supplement the indoor comfort
to a great extent. But all these are operated and
controlled manually in general. At the same time
some artificial intelligent systems like Occupancy
Sensors, Temperature Sensors etc. can be used
to sense the temperature increase and the
presence of occupants to decide comfort level
required to achieve the optimum conditions.

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 PASSIVE INFRARED OCCUPANCY SENSORS (PIR):
 Passive Infrared Occupancy Sensor turns lights
on and off based on the occupancy.
 When the PIR sensor detects a change in the
infrared heat radiated within the controlled area,
lighting systems are switched ON. When
occupants leave the area, lighting is switched
OFF after the user adjustable time delay elapses.

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 Passive Infrared Occupancy
16 Sensor
 BMS AND ILLUMINATION
SYSTEM
Lighting up the building is an art. With out proper
illuminaton the entire space will look dull, creating
an uncomfortable working space. Any how we
cannot depend on artificial lights alone. It will add
up the running costs. Hence some methods to
bring natural light inside the habitable space shall
be sort out.

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 LIGHTING CONTROL
With the help of a light dimming device its
possible to control the intensity of lights especially
when its requirement becomes less. . This can be
made possible by suitably integrating the lighting
systems with the BMS through sensors by which
it is also possible to turn off the lights
automatically when its not needed. Hence there is
the economy in using the building.

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 Different control systems exist, again time-based
control and optimizer parameter-based where a level
of illuminance or particular use of lighting is
required.
 Zones: lights are switched on corresponding to the use
and layout of the lit areas, in order to avoid lighting a
large area if only a small part of it needs light.
 Time control: to switch on and off automatically in each
zone to a preset schedule for light use.
 Passive Infra-Red (PIR) Occupancy sensing: In areas
which are occupied intermittently, occupancy sensors can
be used to indicate whether anybody is present or not,
and switch the light on or off accordingly.
 Light level monitoring: this consists of switching or
dimming artificial lighting to maintain task-specific light
level measured by a ‘photocell’.
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 CONCLUSION
In this 21st century with the advent of the various
artificial intelligent systems the work places became
very cozy to work with. It has changed the entire
working environment leading to the increased out put
and also reducing the running cost to a certain
extent. As it gives optimum thermal & lighting
efficiency it will cut down the electricity bills. But any
how today the cost of such equipments to make a
building artificially intelligent is a costly means. With
the increase in demand of such systems the cost of
these will become affordable as more and more
builders will be using such systems in future.

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 REFERENCES:
Book references:
1. Mervi Himanen, VTT Building and Transport
2003,”The Intelligence of Intelligent
building”, Thesis. VTT Technical research center,
Finland, ESPOO 2003
2. Robert A. Lopez-Anido and Tarun R. Naik,
American Society of Civil Engineers, page1,
Smart Materials, “Emerging Materials for Civil
Infrastructure”, ASCE, Virginia.

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 Thank you…
THANK YOU .

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