THEORY PAPER (BIO) SPM

1) Endocrine glands play important roles in almost every single chemical based body function

a) Using your knowledge in Biology name the gland(s) and hormone(s) involved in the
following body function

i) Growth
ii) Urine volume
iii) Blood sugar level [6 marks]

b) Describe the involvement of endocrine gland(s) in production of gamete [6 marks]

2) An ecosystem involve the interaction between biotic factors and abiotic factors

a) Compare and contrast between intraspecific competition and interspecific competition

[6 marks]

b) In a paddy field briefly describe the prey-predator relationship that exist there Name
the animals involve [4 marks]

c) Abiotic factors play important role in maintaining the livelihood of organism

especially microorganisms Describe the abiotic factors and how it affect growth of
microorganism [8 marks]

3) Digestion require the catalytic action of special protein to break down large food particles

a) Describe how these proteins were made and release from the wall of duodenum and
jejunum [8 marks]

b) Using polypeptide as an example describe the lock and key hypothesis action of its
enzyme [4 marks]

c) Describe how does a special structure in the small intestine enable the organism to
uptake all its nutrition What are the special characteristics of these structures [6 marks]
4) Azima was born with down-syndrom but both her parents are healthy individual

a) Explain how these might happen [4 marks]

b) Her mother was infected with a new strain virus when she was pregnant with Azima
and now she is immune towards the virus How can Azima receive the same immunity when she
is a baby [5 marks]

c) Her father develop smoking habits after few years Explain the potential danger to his
health [6 marks]

5) A common disease among elderly is brittle bones and inflammation of the joints

a) Name the 2 disease [2 marks]

b) Explain how the diseases occur in elderly [8 marks]