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2.1 Composite Beam Section Properties PDF
2.1 Composite Beam Section Properties PDF
Description
This application calculates the horizontal shear and section properties for composite steel beam and concrete
slab sections with solid slabs, composite steel decks, or haunches. Computations are made for beams and slabs
over a complete usable range of composite action from 25% to 100%.
The user must identify the steel section that is used. The user must also enter the dimensions and section
properties of the steel section, the dimensions of the slab section and "haunch", the compressive strength of
the concrete, the unit weight of concrete and the yield strength of the steel section.
Composite steel beams consisting of rolled structural beams and either solid slabs or slabs of composite steel
deck and concrete in-fill are commonly used, especially in office construction. In composite construction the
slab and beam are connected together and made to act as one unit by field welding steel shear studs to the
beam prior to placing the concrete. Some added economy may be achieved by using the AISC Specifications
provisions of Section I1 for partial composite action. These provisions permit the use of fewer studs than
required for full composite behavior when the strength and stiffness of a given beam section is adequate with
partial composite behavior.
Reference: AISC "Specification for Structural Steel Buildings -- Allowable Stress Design and Plastic Design
with Commentary." June 1, 1989
Input
Notation
Input Variables
The user should enter the steel section designation and plate size in text.
Cross-sectional area 2
As ≔ 7.68 ⋅
of the steel section:
Moment of inertia of 4
Is ≔ 298.10 ⋅
steel section:
Notes
For sections with a composite steel deck parallel to the span, xh is equal to the equivalent width of concrete in
the ribs of the deck and yh is equal to the depth of the steel deck.
For sections with a composite steel deck transverse to the beam span, xh is equal to 0 inches and yh is equal to
the depth of steel deck.
Computed Variables
Ieff effective moment of inertia of composite section with partial composite action
Seff effective section modulus to bottom of steel beam for section with partial composite action
Vh total horizontal shear between point of maximum positive moment and points
of zero moment for full composite action
V'h total horizontal shear between point of maximum positive moment and points of zero moment for
partial composite action
Enter the compressive strength of concrete, yield strength of steel section and the unit weight of concrete.
Specified compressive
f'c ≔ 4 ⋅
strength of concrete:
Weight of concrete
wc ≔ 145 ⋅
(minimum weight of 90 pcf):
The following variables are computed from the entered material properties.
Es
Modular ratio: n≔― n = 7.958
Ec
For lightweight concrete the modular ratio for normal weight is used for stress calculations, and the modular
ratio for lightweight concrete is used for deflection calculations.
Defined Units
−3
pcf ≔ ⋅
≔1
Calculations
2
Ac ≔ b ⋅ t + xh ⋅ yh Ac = 271.25
Total horizontal shear for 100% composite action, using AISC Specification, Eqs. (14-1) and (14-2),
combined:
⎛ As ⋅ fy 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ Ac 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ Ac As ⋅ fy ⎞
Vh ≔ ⎜――≥ ――――, ――――, ――⎟
⎝ 2 2 2 2 ⎠
Vh = 138.24
Is 3
Ss ≔ ―― Ss = 37.999
ybs
Dimension from the neutral axis of the steel section to the top of the steel section:
h ≔ t + yh + d h = 21.19
This section determines if the neutral axis for the 100% composite section lies within the steel beam, within
the haunch or the ribs of the steel deck parallel to the beam span, between the slab and the steel beam, or
within the slab.
Case 2: The neutral axis lies within the haunch or the ribs of the steel deck parallel to the beam span.
Case 3: The neutral axis lies between the slab and the steel beam with the steel deck transverse to the beam.
Case 4: The neutral axis lies within the slab.
⎛ 2
⎛t ⎞ xh ⋅ yh ⎛ b⋅t
2 ⎞⎞
Case ≔ ⎜n ⋅ As ⋅ yts ≥ b ⋅ t ⋅ ⎜―+ yh⎟ + ――― , 1 , ⎜n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛⎝yts + yh⎞⎠ ≥ ――, ⎛⎝xh > 0 ⋅ , 2 , 3⎞⎠ , 4⎟⎟
⎝ ⎝2 ⎠ 2 ⎝ 2 ⎠⎠
Case = 3
⎛ 2 ⎞
b⋅t ⎛ yh ⎞
⎜ ――+ xh ⋅ yh ⋅ ⎜t + ―⎟ + n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛⎝h − ybs⎞⎠ ⎟
2 ⎝ 2⎠
yt ≔ ⎜Case = 1 , ―――――――――――― , 0 ⋅ ⎟
1 Ac + n ⋅ As
⎝ ⎠
yt = 0
1
Dimension from bottom of steel section to the neutral axis of composite section:
yb ≔ ⎛Case = 1 , h − yt , 0 ⋅ ⎞
1 1
⎝ ⎠
yb = 0
1
⎛ ⎛ 2 3 2⎞ ⎞
3
b ⋅ t ⎛ t ⎞ 2 xh ⋅ yh ⎛ yh ⎞ 1 4
Itr ≔ ⎜Case = 1 , ⎜――+ b ⋅ t ⋅ ⎜yt − ― ⎟ + n ⋅ Is + n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛yb − ybs⎞ + ――― + xh ⋅ yh ⋅ ⎜yt − t − ―⎟ ⎟ ⋅ ―, 0 ⋅ ⎟
1 1 1 1 2⎠ ⎠ n
⎝ ⎝ 12 ⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ ⎠ 12 ⎝ ⎠
4
Itr = 0
1
Case 2 The neutral axis lies within the haunch or the ribs of a steel deck parallel to beam span.
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2
2 xh ⎛ −b ⋅ t 2 xh ⋅ t ⎞
⎜ −⎛⎝−xh ⋅ t + b ⋅ t + n ⋅ As⎞⎠ + ⎛⎝−xh ⋅ t + b ⋅ t + n ⋅ As⎞⎠ − 4 ⋅ ― ⋅ ⎜――― − n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛⎝h − ybs⎞⎠ + ―― ⎟
⎜ 2 ⎝ 2 2 ⎠
yt ≔ Case = 2 , ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――, 0 ⋅
2
⎝⎜ xh
yt = 0 in
2
Dimension from bottom of steel section to the neutral axis of composite section:
yb ≔ ⎛Case = 2 , h − yt , 0 ⋅ ⎞
2 2
⎝ ⎠
yb = 0
2
⎛ ⎛⎛ 2 ⎞
b⋅t
3
⎛ t⎞ ⎛ 2 1 3 ⎞⎞ 1 4
⎞
Itr ≔ ⎜Case = 2 , ⎜⎜――+ b ⋅ t ⋅ ⎜yt − ― + n ⋅ Is⎟ + ⎜n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛yb − ybs⎞ + ―⋅ xh ⋅ ⎛yt − t⎞ ⎟⎟ ⋅ ―, 0 ⋅ ⎟
2
⎝ ⎝⎝ 12 ⎝ 2 2 ⎟⎠ ⎠ ⎝ ⎝ 2 ⎠ 3 ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎠⎠ n ⎠
4
Itr = 0
2
Case 3 The neutral axis lies between the slab and the steel beam.
(Note: The steel deck is transverse to the beam span)
⎛ 1 2 ⎞
⎜ ―⋅ b ⋅ t + n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛⎝h − ybs⎞⎠ ⎟
2
yt ≔ ⎜Case = 3 , ――――――――, 0 ⋅ ⎟
3 b ⋅ t + n ⋅ As
⎝ ⎠
yt = 3.882
3
Dimension from bottom of steel section to the neutral axis of composite section:
yb ≔ ⎛Case = 3 , h − yt , 0 ⋅ ⎞
3 3
⎝ ⎠
yb = 17.308
3
⎛ ⎛ 2
b⋅t
3
⎛ t⎞ 2⎞ 1 4
⎞
Itr ≔ ⎜Case = 3 , ⎜――+ b ⋅ t ⋅ ⎜yt − ― + n ⋅ I s + n ⋅ A s ⋅ ⎛ yb − ybs ⎟ ⋅ ―
⎞ ,0⋅ ⎟
3
⎝ ⎝ 12 ⎝ 3 2 ⎟⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎠ n ⎠
4
Itr = 1175.559
3
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⎞
⎜ −n ⋅ As + ⎛⎝n ⋅ As⎞⎠ + 2 ⋅ b ⋅ n ⋅ As ⋅ ⎛⎝h − ybs⎞⎠ ⎟
yt ≔ Case = 4 , ――――――――――――― ,0⋅
4 ⎜⎝ b ⎟⎠
yt = 0
4
Dimension from bottom of steel section to the neutral axis of composite section:
yb ≔ ⎛Case = 4 , h − yt , 0 ⋅ ⎞
4 4
⎝ ⎠
yb = 0
4
⎛ 3 ⎞
b ⋅ ⎛y t ⎞
⎜ 2
⎝ ⎠ 4
4⎟
Itr ≔ ⎜Case = 4 , Is + As ⋅ ⎛yb − ybs⎞ + ―――, 0 ⋅ ⎟⎠
4 4 3⋅n
⎝ ⎝ ⎠
4
Itr = 0
4
Section Properties for 100% Composite Action
yt ≔ ∑ yt yt = 3.882
yb ≔ ∑ yb yb = 17.308
4
Itr ≔ ∑ Itr Itr = 1175.559
Transformed section modulus of composite section with 100% composite action referred to the bottom flange
of the steel section:
Itr 3
Str ≔ ― Str = 67.921
yb
Transformed section modulus of composite section with 100% composite action referred to the bottom flange
of the steel section:
Itr 3
St ≔ ― St = 302.812
yt
Seff and V'h as Functions of the Percent of Composite Action (CA) from 25% to 100%
Values for the horizontal shear, effective section modulus and effective moment of inertia are displayed in the
Summary section that begins on the following page:
CA ⋅ Vh CA ≔ 25 , 30 ‥ 100
V'h (CA) ≔ ―――
100
Effective section modulus computed using a AISC Specification, Eq. (I2-1) with percent of composite action
substituted for Vh and V'h:
‾‾‾‾
CA
Seff (CA) ≔ Ss + ―― ⋅ ⎛⎝Str − Ss⎞⎠
100
Effective moment of inertia computed using a AISC Specification, Eq. (I4-4) with percent of composite action
substituted for Vh and V'h:
‾‾‾‾
CA
Ieff (CA) ≔ Is + ―― ⋅ ⎛⎝Itr − Is⎞⎠
100
Summary
Input
Specified compressive
f'c = 4
strength of concrete:
Weight of concrete
wc = 145
(minimum weight of 90 pcf):
Modulus of
Es = 29000
elasticity of steel:
Dimension from
bottom of steel
ybs = 7.845
section to neutral
axis of steel section:
Moment of inertia 4
Is = 298.1
of steel section:
Thickness of solid slab
or thickness of concrete t = 3.5
above top of steel deck:
Effective concrete
b = 77.5
flange width:
Computed Variables
Modulus of elasticity
Ec = 3644
of concrete:
Total depth of
composite section: h = 21.19
Moment of inertia of
4
composite section with Itr = 1175.6
100% composite action:
Section modulus of steel
3
section referred to bottom Ss = 37.999
of section:
Plot V'h in kip for (25% to 100% Composite Action) versus Seff in in³:
140
130
120
110
100
90
V'h (CA) ( ) 80
70
60
50
40
30
52.5 54 55.5 57 58.5 60 61.5 63 64.5 66 67.5 69
3⎞
Seff (CA) ⎛⎝ ⎠
⎡ 25 ⎤ ⎡ 34.56 ⎤ ⎡ 52.96 ⎤ ⎡ 736.83 ⎤
⎢ 30 ⎥ ⎢ 41.472 ⎥ ⎢ 54.388 ⎥ ⎢ 778.704 ⎥
⎢ 35 ⎥ ⎢ 48.384 ⎥ ⎢ 55.701 ⎥ ⎢ 817.212 ⎥
⎢ 40 ⎥ ⎢ 55.296 ⎥ ⎢ 56.923 ⎥ ⎢ 853.054 ⎥
⎢ 45 ⎥ ⎢ 62.208 ⎥ ⎢ 58.071 ⎥ ⎢ 886.718 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
50 69.12 59.157 918.557
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 55 ⎥ ⎢ 76.032 ⎥ ⎢ 60.189 ⎥ ⎢ 948.841 ⎥
60 ⎥ 82.944 ⎥ 61.176 ⎥ 3 ⎢ 977.777 ⎥
CA = ⎢ V'h (CA) = ⎢ Seff (CA) = ⎢ 1.006 ⋅ 10
3 4
⎢ 65 ⎥ ⎢ 89.856 ⎥ ⎢ 62.122 ⎥ Ieff (CA) = ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 70 ⎥ ⎢ 96.768 ⎥ ⎢ 63.033 ⎥ ⎢ 1.032 ⋅ 10
3 ⎥
⎢ 75 ⎥ ⎢ 103.68 ⎥ ⎢ 63.912 ⎥ ⎢ 3 ⎥
⎢ 1.058 ⋅ 10 ⎥
⎢ 80 ⎥ ⎢ 110.592 ⎥ ⎢ 64.762 ⎥ 3
⎢ 85 ⎥ ⎢ 117.504 ⎥ ⎢ 65.585 ⎥ ⎢ 1.083 ⋅ 10 ⎥
⎢ 3 ⎥
⎢ 90 ⎥ ⎢ 124.416 ⎥ ⎢ 66.385 ⎥ 1.107 ⋅ 10
⎢ 95 ⎥ ⎢ 131.328 ⎥ ⎢ 67.163 ⎥ ⎢ 3 ⎥
⎢ 1.131 ⋅ 10 ⎥
⎢⎣ 100 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 138.24 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 67.921 ⎥⎦ 3
⎢ 1.153 ⋅ 10 ⎥
⎢⎣ 3 ⎥⎦
1.176 ⋅ 10