Mapúa Institute of Technology

Department of EECE

Experiment No. 3
Mesh Analysis and Nodal Analysis

Name: _SANTIAGO, Charl Joseph B.____

Course Code / Section: _EE101L/B7_

GRADE

Date of Performance: _____February 04, 2015_______

Date of Submission: _____ February 11, 2015_______

__Engr. Jun A. Teresa__

Instructor
QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS: (ANSWERS)
1. What is a mesh current?
A Mesh Current is a loop which does not contain any other loops within around
the essential mesh and the equations are set solved in terms of them.

2. What does a negative mesh current imply?

A negative mesh current implies that the assumed direction of current is wrong.
Changing the negative value into positive, thus changing the direction of the current flow,
will correct the mistake.

3. What technique is employed if (a) a current source appears on the periphery of only
one mesh on a given mesh circuit? (b) a current source is common to two meshes of
a given mesh circuit?
(a) The current source will be equal to the mesh current, with polarity observed,
when a current source appears the periphery of only one mesh on a given mesh circuit.
On the other hand, (b) super mesh is the technique applied when a current source is
common to two meshes of a given mesh circuit.

4. How many node equations are obtained from an N number of nodes present on a
given circuit?
The number of node equations that can be obtained on a given circuit is one less than N
number of nodes.
‘
5. What technique is employed if (a) a voltage source appears connected to a given
node and the reference node (ground) in a given nodal circuit? (b) a voltage source
lies between two given nodes of a given nodal circuit?
(a) The assigned variable voltage to the given node and the voltage source are
equal if a voltage source appears connected to a given node and the reference node, or
ground, in a given circuit. On the other hand, (b) simply use KCL to solve for the voltage
in each node if a voltage source lies between two given nodes of a given nodal circuit.

6. What basic laws are the underlying principles of Mesh Analysis and Nodal
Analysis?
The basic laws underlying principles of Mesh Analysis and Nodal Analysis are
the Ohm’s Law, the Kirchoff’s Voltage Law, and the Kirchoff ’s Current Law.
7. Determine the Mesh current Ix shown in
the figure below.

@ Loop 1 and 2 (Supermesh)

5𝐼1 + 20𝐼2 − 20𝐼3 = 24
 @ Loop 3
20𝐼2 − 30𝐼3 = 36

KCL
𝐼1 − 𝐼2 = −2
𝐼1 = 1.143𝐴; 𝐼2 = 0.857 𝐴; 𝐼3 = 0.629 𝐴
𝑰𝑰 = 𝑰𝑿 = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟒𝟑 𝑨

8. Determine the mesh currents in the circuit below.

4𝐼1 − 2𝐼2 = 5 @Loop 1
2𝐼1 + 16𝐼2 + 10𝐼3 = 5 @Loop 2
6𝐼1 − 5𝐼2 − 𝐼3 = 0 @Loop 3

𝑰𝟏 = 𝟖 𝑨; 𝑰𝟐 = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟓 𝑨; 𝑰𝟑 = 𝟏𝟗. 𝟓 𝑨

9. Determine the node voltages in the figure below.

−7𝑉1 + 3𝑉2 + 4𝑉3 = 11 @Node 1

3𝑉1 − 6𝑉2 + 2𝑉3 = −3 @Node 2
4𝑉1 − 2𝑉2 + 11𝑉3 = 25 @Node 3

𝑽𝟏 = 𝟏𝑽; 𝑽𝟐 = 𝟐𝑽; 𝑽𝟑 = 𝟑𝑽

10. Determine the node voltages in the circuit below.

@Node 1
−7𝑉1 + 3𝑉2 + 4𝑉3 = 11
@Node 2 and Node 3 (Supernode)
−7𝑉1 + 4𝑉2 + 9𝑉3 = 28
@Dependent Voltage Source
2𝑉1 + 𝑉2 − 3𝑉3 = 0

𝑽𝟏 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟎𝟓𝑽; 𝑽𝟐 = 𝟒. 𝟐𝟒𝟓𝑽; 𝑽𝟑 = 𝟐. 𝟓𝟓𝟏𝑽

SET-UP:
In Experiment 3, we were given a computer unit with a full version of Tina pro circuit
simulator in order to attain the objectives. As instructed, we draw and simulate the mesh circuit
diagram as shown in Figure 3.1 in the Tina pro worksheet.
 Fig. 3.1: The mesh circuit diagram to be followed.
And as shown in Figure 3.2, we obtained the mesh currents and the voltages across the
resistors.

Fig. 3.2: The mesh circuit diagram simulated in Tina pro.

Next, we draw and simulate the nodal circuit diagram in Figure 3.3 in the tina pro
worksheet.
 Fig. 3.3: nodal circuit diagram to be followed.
And as shown in Figure 3.4, we obtained the node voltages and the currents.

Fig. 3.4: The nodal circuit diagram simulated in Tina pro.

SAMPLE COMPUTATIONS:
 MESH ANALYSIS

Mesh 1
Mesh 3
6ΩI1 + 4Ω (I1 − I2 ) + 10Ω(I1 − I3 ) − 15𝑉 = 0 12Ω(I3 − I2 ) + 10Ω(I3 − I1 ) − 14𝑉 = 0
(6Ω + 4Ω + 10Ω)I1 + 4ΩI2 + 10ΩI3 = 15𝑉 −10ΩI1 − 12ΩI2 + (12Ω + 10Ω)I3 = 14𝑉
20I1 − 4I2 − 10I3 = 15 eq. 1 −10I1 − 12I2 + 22I3 = 14 eq. 3

Mesh 2 20I1 − 4I2 − 10I3 = 15

6ΩI2 + 10𝑉 + 12Ω (I2 − I3 ) + 4Ω(I2 − I1 ) = 0 −4I1 + 22I2 − 12I3 = −10
−4ΩI1 + (6Ω + 12Ω + 4Ω)I2 − 12ΩI3 = −10𝑉 −10I1 − 12I2 + 22I3 = 14
−4I1 + 22I2 − 12I3 = −10 eq. 2 𝐈𝟏 = 𝟐. 𝟎𝟔 𝑨; 𝐈𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟏 𝑨; 𝐈𝟑 = 𝟐. 𝟏𝟖 𝑨

V1 = I1 R1 = (2.06 𝐴)(6Ω) = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟑𝟔 𝑽

V2 = (I3 − I1 )R 2 = (2.18 𝐴 − 2.06 𝐴)(10Ω) = 𝟏. 𝟐 𝑽
V3 = (I1 − I2 )R 3 = (2.06 𝐴 − 1.11 𝐴)(4Ω) = 𝟑. 𝟖 𝑽
V4 = I2 R 4 = (1.11 𝐴)(6Ω) = 𝟔. 𝟔𝟔 𝑽
V5 = (I3 − I2 )R 5 = (2.18 𝐴 − 1.11 𝐴)(12Ω) = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟖𝟒 𝑽
SAMPLE COMPUTATIONS:
 NODAL ANALYSIS

𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑉𝑁 = 𝑉𝑀𝑁 ; 𝑉1 = 𝑉𝑆1 ; 𝑉2 = 𝑉𝑀2

𝑉1 − 𝑉𝑆1 𝑉1 𝑉2 𝑉2 − 𝑉𝑆2
+ + + =0
𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅2 𝑅4
𝑉1 − 40𝑉 𝑉1 𝑉2 𝑉2 + 20𝑉
+ + + =0
2Ω 6Ω 6Ω 6Ω
1 1 1 1 40 20
( + ) 𝑉1 + ( + ) 𝑉2 − + =0
2 6 6 6 2 6
2 2 50
𝑉1 + 𝑉2 =
3 6 3
4𝑉1 + 2𝑉2 = 100 eq. 1

KVL @ Supernode:
𝑉2 − 𝑉1 = 𝑉𝑆3
𝑉2 − 𝑉1 = 10𝑉 eq. 2

4𝑉1 + 2𝑉2 = 100

𝑉2 − 𝑉1 = 10
𝑽𝟏 = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟑𝟑; 𝑽𝟐 = 𝟐𝟑. 𝟑𝟑 𝑽; 𝑽𝟑 = 𝟐𝟎𝑽

V1 13.33𝑉
I1 = = = 𝟐. 𝟐𝟐 𝑨
R1 6Ω
V2 23.33𝑉
I2 = = = 𝟑. 𝟖𝟗 𝑨
R2 6Ω
V3 20.00𝑉
I3 = = = 𝟑. 𝟑𝟑 𝑨
R3 6Ω
GRAPHS / CURVES
Graph 3 .1.1: The relationship between resistance and its current / voltage.

14
Simulated Values

12

10

8
Current (mA)
6 Voltage (V)

0
6 10 4 6 12
Resistance (Ohms)

Graph 3 .1.2: The relationship between resistance and its current / voltage.

14
Calculated Values

12

10

8
Current (mA)
6 Voltage (V)

0
6 10 4 6 12
Resistance (Ohms)
Graph 3 .2.1: The relationship between resistance and its current / voltage.

25
Simulated Values

20

15
Current (mA)

10 Voltage (V)

0
6 6 6
Resistance (Ohms)

Graph 3 .2.2: The relationship between resistance and its current / voltage.

25
Calculated Values

20

15
Current (mA)

10 Voltage (V)

0
6 6 6
Resistance (Ohms)