Problem 1.

17
A horsepower is 550 ft-lb/s. A watt is 1 N-m/s. Determine how many watts are generated
by the engines of the passenger jet if they are producing 7000 horsepower.

Strategy
US Customary Unit
길이 [𝐿] : in, ft ( 1 ft = 12 in )
질량 [𝑀] : slug
힘 [𝑀𝐿/𝑇 2 ] : lb
일률 [𝑀𝐿2 /𝑇 3 ] : hp, ft·lb/s 길이 : 1 m = 3.281 ft = 39.37 in
( 1 hp = 550 ft·lb/s ) 질량 : 1 slug = 14.59 kg
힘 : 1 N = 0.2248 lb
SI Unit 일률 : 1 W = 0.7376 ft·lb/s
길이 [𝐿] : m
질량 [𝑀] : kg
힘 [𝑀𝐿/𝑇 2 ] : N ( = kg·m/s^2 )
일률 [𝑀𝐿2 /𝑇 3 ] : W ( = N·m/s )

예) 1Pa를 lb, ft로 나타내면,

2
𝑁 𝑁 0.2248𝑙𝑏 𝑚
1𝑃𝑎 = 1 2 = 1 = 0.02089 𝑙𝑏
𝑚 𝑚2 1𝑁 3.281𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡 2
Problem 1.17
A horsepower is 550 ft-lb/s. A watt is 1 N-m/s. Determine how many watts are generated
by the engines of the passenger jet if they are producing 7000 horsepower.

Solution
문제에서 주어짂 내용
1 hp = 550 ft·lb/s, 1 W = 1 N·m/s

(책 겉표지 참조)
1 m = 3.28 1ft, 1 N = 0.2248 lb

 이를 통해서 단위를 변환

550 𝑓𝑡 ∙ 𝑙𝑏 𝑠 1𝑚 1𝑁
𝑃 = 7000 𝑕𝑝 = 5.219 × 106 𝑁 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠
1 𝑕𝑝 3.28 𝑓𝑡 0.2248 𝑙𝑏
∴ 𝑃 = 5.22 × 106 𝑊
Problem 1.29
The planet Neptune has an equatorial diameter of 49,532 km and its mass is 1.0247 X
10^26 kg. If the planet is modeled as a homogeneous sphere, what is the acceleration
due to gravity at its surface? (The universal gravitational constant is G = 6.67 X 10^-11
N-m^2/kg^2.)

Strategy

만유 인력의 법칙
𝑀1 𝑀2
𝐹𝐺 = 𝐺
𝑟2

뉴턴의 제 2법칙
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎

M1으로부터 받는 가속도는
(𝑚 = 𝑀2 , 𝐹𝐺 = 𝐹)
𝑀1 𝑀2 𝑀1
𝐹𝐺 = 𝐺 2 = 𝑀2 𝐺 2 = 𝑚𝑎
𝑟 𝑟
𝑀1
∴𝑎= 𝐺
𝑟2
Problem 1.29
The planet Neptune has an equatorial diameter of 49,532 km and its mass is 1.0247 X
10^26 kg. If the planet is modeled as a homogeneous sphere, what is the acceleration
due to gravity at its surface? (The universal gravitational constant is G = 6.67 X 10^-11
N-m^2/kg^2.)

Solution
문제에서 주어짂 내용
𝐷𝑁 = 49532 km, 𝑀𝑁 = 1.0247x10^26 kg, G=6.67x10^-11 N·m^2/kg^2

𝑀1 𝑀2 𝑀1
𝐹𝐺 = 𝐺 2 = 𝐺 2 𝑀2 = 𝑔𝑀2
𝑟 𝑟
𝑀𝑁 𝑀𝑁
𝑔𝑁 = 𝐺 2 = 𝐺 𝐷
𝑟𝑁 ( 𝑁 2)2
2 1.0247 × 1026 𝑘𝑔 1 𝑘𝑚
2
1 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚/𝑠 2
𝑔𝑁 = (6.67 × 10−11 𝑁𝑚 2 )( ) ( )
𝑘𝑔 49532 2
1000 𝑚 1𝑁
2 𝑘𝑚

∴ 𝐺𝑁 = 1.11 𝑚/𝑠 2
Problem 2.112
The person exerts a force F = 60i - 40j (N) on the handle
of the exercise machine. Use Eq. (2.26) to determine the
vector component of F that is parallel to the line from the
origin O to where the person grips the handle.

Strategy
Inner Product of Vectors
𝑨 ∙ 𝑩 = |𝑨||𝑩|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

𝑨 ∙ 𝑩 = |𝑨||𝑩|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
벡터 A를 벡터 B에 정사영(Projection)한 크기와
벡터 B의 크기를 곱한 값

만약 B의 크기가 1이라면, ( 크기가 1인 벡터 : 𝒆 , Unit Vector )

벡터 A와 B의 내적은,
𝑨 ∙ 𝑩 = 𝑨 ∙ 𝒆 = 𝑨 𝒆 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 𝑨 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
벡터 A의 B의 방향 성분의 크기
Problem 2.112
The person exerts a force F = 60i - 40j (N) on the handle
of the exercise machine. Use Eq. (2.26) to determine the
vector component of F that is parallel to the line from the
origin O to where the person grips the handle.

Solution
방향을 나타내는 Unit Vector와 dot-product 한 결과
 Unit Vector의 방향의 크기 (Scalar)

𝒓 = 250𝒊 + 200𝒋 − 150𝒌 𝑚𝑚

𝒓
𝒆= = 0.707𝒊 + 0.566𝒋 − 0.424𝒌
𝒓
𝒓
𝑭 ∙ 𝒆 = 19.78 𝑁 (r방향의 F의 크기)
𝒆
𝑭𝒑 = 𝑭 ∙ 𝒆 𝒆 = 19.78𝑁 (0.707𝒊 + 0.566𝒋 − 0.424𝒌)

∴ 𝑭𝒑 = 14.0𝒊 + 11.2𝒋 − 8.4𝒌 𝑁

Problem 2.96
The cable AB exerts a 150 N force T on the collar at A.
Express T in terms of components.

Strategy
임의의 벡터𝑨는
크기와 방향을 나타내는 Unit Vector의 곱으로 나타낼 수 있다.

𝑨 = |𝑨|𝒆𝑨

벡터𝑨의 크기 벡터𝑨의 방향 (크기 1, Unit Vector)

따라서 T의 크기는 주어져 있으므로,

T의 방향을 나타내는 Unit Vector를 구하고, T의 크기를 곱해주면 된다.
Problem 2.96
The cable AB exerts a 150 N force T on the collar at A. D
Express T in terms of components.

Solution
T의 방향 Vector를 찾아내는 것이 핵심
C
𝒓𝐴𝐵 = 𝒓𝑂𝐵 − 𝒓𝑂𝐴
𝒓𝐷𝐶
𝒓𝐷𝐴 = 2𝑚 = 0.914𝒊 − 1.524𝒋 + 0.914𝒌 𝑚
|𝒓𝐷𝐶 |
𝒓𝐴𝐵 = 𝒓𝑂𝐵 − 𝒓𝑂𝐴 = 𝒓𝑂𝐵 − (𝒓𝑂𝐷 + 𝒓𝐷𝐴 )
= 2.5𝒋 + 1.5𝒌 − 2.5𝑗 + 0.914𝒊 − 1.524𝒋 + 0.914𝒌
= −0.914𝒊 + 1.524𝒋 + 0.586𝒌
𝒓𝐴𝐵
𝑻= 𝑻 = 150N(−0.488𝒊 + 0.814𝒋 + 0.313𝒌)
|𝒓𝐴𝐵 |

∴ 𝑻 = −73.2𝒊 + 122.1𝒋 + 46.95𝒌 𝑁

Problem 3.28
What are the tensions in the upper and lower cables?

Strategy

Pulley에 감긴 줄에서 장력의 크기는 어느 위치에서나 같다.

T2 T2

T1 T1

W
W

𝑻𝟏 ≠ 𝑻𝟐 𝑻𝟏 = 𝑻𝟐
Problem 3.28
What are the tensions in the upper and lower cables?

Solution
줄에 Pulley가 걸려있는 부분에 주목  좌우 장력 같음
𝑇𝑈
Y
𝑇𝑈

45˚ 30˚
X
Σ𝐹𝑥 = 𝑇𝑈 𝑐𝑜𝑠30° − 𝑇𝑈 𝑐𝑜𝑠45° − 𝑇𝐷 = 0
𝑇𝐷
Σ𝐹𝑦 = 𝑇𝑈 𝑠𝑖𝑛30° + 𝑇𝑈 𝑠𝑖𝑛45° − 𝑊 = 0

𝑇𝑈 = 𝑊/(𝑠𝑖𝑛30° + 𝑠𝑖𝑛45°)

𝑇𝐷 = 𝑇𝑈 𝑐𝑜𝑠30° − 𝑐𝑜𝑠45° = 𝑊 𝑐𝑜𝑠30° − 𝑐𝑜𝑠45° /(𝑠𝑖𝑛30° + 𝑠𝑖𝑛45°)

∴ 𝑇𝑈 = 0.828𝑊, 𝑇𝐷 = 0.132𝑊
Problem 3.66
The 10-N metal disk A is supported by the smooth
inclined surface and the strings AB and AC.
The disk is located at coordinates (5,1,4) m.
What are the tensions in the strings?

Strategy

빗면에 물체가 놓여 있을 때에는,

빗면에 수직방향(Normal)으로 힘(Normal Force)을 받는다.

수직 방향 힘 = 수직항력, Normal Force, 𝑵, 𝑭𝑵

𝜽
Problem 3.66
The 10-N metal disk A is supported by the smooth
inclined surface and the strings AB and AC.
The disk is located at coordinates (5,1,4) m.
What are the tensions in the strings?

Solution
빗변에서의 수직항력에 유의
𝑻𝐴𝐵
𝑻𝐴𝐶
𝑵 2
𝜃 = arctan = 14.03°
Y 8
𝑵
Z 𝑵 = 𝑁(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝒋 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝒌)
𝜃 𝜃
𝑾 = −10𝒋 𝑁
𝑾

𝒓𝐴𝐵
𝑻𝐴𝐵 = 𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 𝑇𝐴𝐵 −0.615𝒊 + 0.615𝒋 − 0.492𝒌
|𝒓𝐴𝐵 |
𝒓𝐴𝐶
𝑻𝐴𝐶 = 𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 𝑇𝐴𝐶 0.514𝒊 + 0.514𝒋 − 0.686𝒌
|𝒓𝐴𝐶 |
Problem 3.66
The 10-N metal disk A is supported by the smooth 𝑻𝐴𝐵
𝑻𝐴𝐶
inclined surface and the strings AB and AC.
The disk is located at coordinates (5,1,4) m.
What are the tensions in the strings? 𝑵

Solution
𝑵 = 𝑁(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝒋 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝒌) 𝑻𝐴𝐵 = 𝑇𝐴𝐵 −0.615𝒊 + 0.615𝒋 − 0.492𝒌 𝑾
𝑾 = −10𝒋 𝑁 𝑻𝐴𝐶 = 𝑇𝐴𝐶 0.514𝒊 + 0.514𝒋 − 0.686𝒌

Σ𝑭𝑥 = −0.615𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 0.514𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 0

Σ𝑭𝑦 = 0.615𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 0.514𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑁𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 10𝑁 = 0
Σ𝑭𝑧 = −0.492𝑇𝐴𝐵 − 0.686𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑁𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 0

∴ 𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 1.54𝑁, 𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 1.85𝑁