MUIDS Physics Final Project 2017-2018

Circuit
(Doll House)

Presented By:

Pemika Phatthanakittichai (Pair)

Ingtawan Tritrakoolsin (Ing)
Natwadee Puncha-Arnon (Mint)
Sumate Saelow (Jew)
Objective
- To demonstrate how the electric circuit work.
- To have more understanding about the electric current
- To show connections between circuits and daily life

Materials
- Batteries
- Wires
- LEDs
- Switches
- Cardboard
- Cutter
- Scissors
- Glue
- Colored paper

Set-up

Background/Introduction

Circuits can be found effortlessly in our daily life. All electrical machines
such as ceiling lights, televisions, fans, computers, microwaves, refrigerators,
and air conditioners have circuits in order to function. Without circuits, these
machines won’t be able to function. When you flip a switch to turn on an
electrical machine, you complete the circuit and allow a current to flow
through the wires.
An electric circuit is a path in which electrons from a voltage or current
source flow. Electric current is the rate at which charge flows through a
surface. There are two types of current which are direct current and
alternating current. A direct current is a current that flows in a single direction.
In contrary, an alternating current is a current that reverses its direction while
flowing. There are six common components in a circuit which are batteries,
switches, resistors, capacitors, LEDs, and inductors. A battery provides energy
for the circuit. A switch turns the flow of electricity on or off. A resistor
regulates the flow of electrical current. A capacitor stores electric charges. An
LED, also known as light-emitting diode, emits visible light when current passes
through it. An inductor opposes change in electric current. Also, there are two
types of connection in a circuit which are series and parallel. A series circuit is a
circuit that provides only one path for the current and the current is the same
at all points. Conversely, a parallel circuit is a circuit that provides multiple
paths for the current and at some points there will be junctions of conductors.
In this project, we will create a doll house to demonstrate about circuits.
As circuits are crucial in our daily life especially at home, we choose to do a doll
house. We will design our own doll house and make it come to life with various
materials. Then, we will attach a simple circuit and put it on the house.

Discussion of Design (Step by step)

HOUSE
1. Prepare cardboards and necessary tools
2. Draw a blueprint of the doll house
3. Begin to cut cardboards according to the design
4. Wrap cardboards with coloured paper
5. Shape them to desired pieces of furniture
6. Attach everything together

CIRCUIT
1. Prepare wires, batteries, LEDs, and switches
2. Connect all components together correctly
3. Test the circuit until it works perfectly
4. Attach the circuit to the house

Data
Measurements

Furniture (Amount) Length Width Height

Three-seat Sofa 16 cm 6 cm 5 cm
(1)

Double Bed (1) 16 cm 10 cm 7.5 cm

Bedside Table (2) 4 cm 4 cm 4.5 cm

Pillar (1) 3.4 cm - 16 cm
(Diameter)

Staircase (9) 3.5 cm 2 cm 0.5 cm

1st floor (1) 60 cm 39.5 cm -

2nd floor (1) 31 cm 19 cm 0.5 cm

Wall (2) - 31 cm 30 cm

Window (1) - 17 cm 23 cm
Dining Table (1) 10.5 cm 7 cm 4 cm

Coffee Table (1) 4.5 cm 4.5 cm 2 cm

Lamp (2) 1 cm 1 cm 4 cm

Chair No.1 (2) 4.5 cm 4 cm 7 cm

Chair No.2 (1) 4.5 cm 4 cm 5.5 cm

Bookcase Chest 15 cm 4 cm 14.5 cm

(1)
Circuit

Battery 3 AA 1.5V Batteries

Resistor 3-Band Resistor (Orange, Black, Black)

LEDs 30 LEDs
Switch 1 Switch
Analysis of Data

Type of Circuit There is only one path in the circuit that current can
flow through, so it’s a series circuit.

Type of Current Batteries supply direct current, so it’s a direct current.

Total Voltage Input There are three 1.5V batteries, so the total voltage
input is 4.5V.

Total Resistance 30 Ohms

Total Current V = IR
4.5V = Current x 30 Ohms
So, the total current is 1.5 Amperes.

Furniture Analysis

Furniture Ratio Standard Ratio Percentage

(Length:Width) (Length:Width) Difference (Ratio
& Standard
Ratio)

Three-seat Sofa 8:3 (≈2.67) 12:7 (≈1.71) 43.8356%

Double Bed 8:5 (= 1.6) 25:18 (≈1.39) 14.0468%

Bedside Table 4:4 (= 1) 19:15 (≈1.27) 23.7885%

Bookcase Chest 15:4 (= 3.75) 18:5 (= 3.6) 4.08163%

Dining Table 10.5:7 (= 1.5) 8:5 (= 1.6) 6.45161%

Chair 4.5:4 (= 1.125) 19:19 (= 1) 2.24719%

Coffee Table 4.5:4.5 (= 1) 2:1 (= 2) 66.6667%

Conclusion
Overall, we are satisfied with the finished product of our doll house. We
are certain that our model clearly demonstrate how simple circuits work
despite the fact that it’s not a parallel circuit. As stated before, parallel circuits
are used in house because each light can be turned off independently without
turning the lights in the entire house off. But for our doll house, which is much
smaller in size comparing to real houses, so we opted for demonstrating series
circuit in our model instead.

Recommendation
We had difficulties with time management. It was hard to get a lot of
work done, so we had to meet outside and do our project. We could have done
everything faster and increase our productivity. We also didn’t have enough
scissors and glue. We could have prepared more of them beforehand and
things would have gone smoother.
For future improvement, we can add more rooms to the house such as
kitchen and bathroom. Then, we can add more pieces of furniture and
appliances such as chairs, a kitchen table, a refrigerator, a kitchen cabinet, and
a toilet. We can change our circuit from series to parallel instead as well. With
that, we can make switches for each room. It will resemble a real house more.
References

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