OMITTED MEASUREMENTS

REASONS WHY MEASUREMENTS ARE OMITTED:

1. Presence of obstacles.
2. Rugged terrain.
3. Lack of time to complete the survey.
4. Unfriendly or hostile landowner.
ASSUMPTION:
All measurements taken are all assume correct and without error.
ADVANTAGE:
The principle of omitted measurements may be employed to compute the length and direction
of a line which will divide the tract into specific parts or required.
DISADVANTAGES:
1. In calculations it tends to throw all possible errors and mistakes into the computation of the
lengths or direction.
2. It eliminates the check on the precision of the field measurements that were made.

TYPES OF OMITTED MEASUREMENTS

1. Omitted Measurements Are in One Side
CASE 1: Length and Bearing of One Side Unknown
2. Omitted Measurements Involving Two Adjoining Sides
CASE 1: Length of One Side and Bearing of Another side Unknown
CASE 2: Length of Two Sides Unknown
CASE 3: Bearings of Two Sides Unknown
3. Omitted Measurements Involving Two Non-Adjoining Sides
CASE 1: Length of One Side and Bearing of Another side Unknown
CASE 2: Length of Two Sides Unknown
CASE 3: Bearings of Two Sides Unknown

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 1
OMITTED MEASUREMENTS ARE IN ONE SIDE
CASE 1: Length and Bearing of One Side Unknown

PROBLEM: Determine the length and bearing of line EA.

Line Length Bearing

AB 60 m 𝑁 15𝑜 30′ 𝐸
BC 72.69 𝑆 82𝑜 23′ 𝐸
CD 44.83 𝑆 21𝑜 19′ 𝐸
DE 59.57 𝑆 70𝑜 36′ 𝑊
EA _____ ___________

SOLUTION:

Length
Line (meter) Bearing Latitude Departure

AB 60 N 15 30' E 57.82 16.03

BC 72.69 S 82 23' E -9.63 72.05
CD 44.83 S 21 19' E -41.76 16.30
DE 59.57 S 70 36' W -19.79 -56.19
EA 13.36 -48.19
Sum 0 0

70
60 16.03, 57.82
x y B
C
0 0 50 88.08, 48.19
16.03 57.82 40
88.08 48.19
30
104.38 6.43
20
48.19 -13.36 Unknown Line
10 D
A 104.38, 6.43
0 0, 0
0 20 40 60 80 100
-10
E 48.19, -13.36
-20

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 2
 x y B 16.03, 57.82
0 0 C
16.03 57.82 88.08, 48.19
88.08 48.19
104.38 6.43
Close Traverse
48.19 -13.36
ABCDE
0 0
N D
A 𝜃 104.38, 6.43
0, 0

𝐿𝐸𝐴
E 48.19, -13.36

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐴:

𝐿𝐸𝐴 = √(13.36)2 + (48.19)2

𝐿𝐸𝐴 = 50.01 ≈ 50 𝑚

−48.19
𝜃 = tan−1 ( )
13.36
𝜃 = 74𝑂 30′
𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝐴: 𝑁 740 30′ 𝑊

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 3
OMITTED MEASUREMENTS INVOLVING TWO ADJOINING SIDES

PROCEDURE:

1. Connect the ends of the two adjacent missing sides and call this as the CLOSING LINE.

2. Compute the bearing and distance of the closing line.

3. Solve the unknown data by considering the triangle form, apply SINE LAW or COSINE
LAW.

CASE 1: Length of One Side and Bearing of Another side Unknown

PROBLEM: Determine the length of Line CD and bearing of line DE.

Line Length Bearing

AB 60 m 𝑁 15𝑜 30′ 𝐸
BC 72.69 𝑆 82𝑜 23′ 𝐸
CD _____ 𝑆 21𝑜 19′ 𝐸
DE 59.57 ___________
EA 50 𝑁 74𝑜 30′ 𝑊
SOLUTION:
N 1. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒
B N 𝐶𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐸
C 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝐸𝐴𝐵𝐶
82𝑜 23′
Length
𝐿𝐶𝐷 Line (meter) Bearing Latitude Departure
N 𝐿𝐶𝐸 𝜃𝐶𝐸
𝐶𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
N
15𝑜 30′
EA 50 N 74o 30' E 13.36 -48.18
o
D AB 60 N 15 30' E 57.82 16.03
A N 15𝑜 30′
𝑜
74 30 ′ BC 72.69 S 82o 23' E -9.63 72.05
CE -61.55 -39.90
𝜃𝐷𝐸
Sum 0 0
E
𝐿𝐶𝐸 = √(61.55)2 + (39.90)2 = 73.35 𝑚
39.90
𝜃𝐶𝐸 = tan−1 ( ) = 32𝑜 57′
61.55
𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔: 𝑆 32𝑜 57′ 𝑊

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 4
2. 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝐶𝐷𝐸

𝐿𝐶𝐷

N
𝐶𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝜆
𝛽 D
N 𝜌

𝜃𝐷𝐸

3. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠

𝜆 = 21𝑜 19′ + 32𝑜 57′ = 54𝑜 16′
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝛽 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑤
73.35
𝛽 = sin−1 [ sin(54𝑜 16′ )] = 88𝑜 14′
59.57

𝜌 = 180𝑜 − (54𝑜 16′ + 88𝑜 14′ ) = 37𝑜 30′

4. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝐶𝐷

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑤
sin(37𝑜 30′ )
𝐿𝐶𝐷 = (59.57 𝑚)
sin(54𝑜 16′ )

𝐿𝐶𝐷 = 44.67 𝑚

5. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐷𝐸

𝜃𝐷𝐸 = 180𝑜 − (88𝑜 14′ + 21𝑜 19′ )
𝜃𝐷𝐸 = 70𝑜 27′

𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔: 𝑆 70𝑜 27′ 𝑊

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 5
 CASE 2: Length of Two Sides Unknown

PROBLEM: Determine the length of Line CD and line DE.

Line Length Bearing

AB 60 m 𝑁 15𝑜 30′ 𝐸
BC 72.69 𝑆 82𝑜 23′ 𝐸
CD _____ 𝑆 21𝑜 19′ 𝐸
DE _____ 𝑆 70𝑜 36′ 𝑊
EA 50 𝑁 74𝑜 30′ 𝑊

SOLUTION:
N
B N
C
𝑜 ′
82 23

𝐿𝐶𝐷
N 𝜃𝐶𝐸
𝐿𝐶𝐸 N
15𝑜 30′ 𝐶𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

15𝑜 30′ D
A N
𝑜 ′
74 29

70𝑜 36′
E

1. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒

𝐶𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐸
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝐸𝐴𝐵𝐶

Length
Line (meter) Bearing Latitude Departure
𝐿𝐶𝐸 = √(61.55)2 + (39.90)2 = 73.35 𝑚
o
EA 50 N 74 30' E 13.36 -48.18 39.90
AB 60 N 15 30' E o
57.82 16.03 𝜃𝐶𝐸 = tan−1 ( ) = 32𝑜 57′
61.55
BC 72.69 S 82o 23' E -9.63 72.05
CE -61.55 -39.90 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔: 𝑆 32𝑜 57′ 𝑊
Sum 0 0

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 6
2. 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝐶𝐷𝐸

𝐿𝐶𝐷

N
𝐶𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝜆
𝛽 D
N 𝜌

70𝑜 36′

3. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠

𝜆 = 21𝑜 19′ + 32𝑜 57′ = 54𝑜 16′

𝛽 = 180𝑜 − (21𝑜 19′ + 70𝑜 36′ ) = 88𝑜 5′
𝜌 = 70𝑜 36′ − 32𝑜 57′ = 37𝑜 39′
𝐶ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑘:
𝜆 + 𝛽 + 𝜌 = 180𝑜
180𝑜 = 180𝑜 ; 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑂𝐾!

4. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝐷𝐸

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑤
sin(37𝑜 39′ )
𝐿𝐶𝐷 = ( 73.35 𝑚)
sin(88𝑜 5′ )

𝐿𝐶𝐷 = 44.83 𝑚

sin(54𝑜 16′ )
𝐿𝐷𝐸 = ( 73.35 𝑚)
sin(88𝑜 5′ )

𝐿𝐷𝐸 = 59.57 𝑚

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 7
 CASE 3: Bearings of Two Sides Unknown
PROBLEM: Determine the bearing of Line CD and line DE.

Line Length Bearing

AB 60 m 𝑁 15𝑜 30′ 𝐸
BC 72.69 𝑆 82𝑜 23′ 𝐸
CD 44.83 __________
DE 59.57 __________
EA 50 𝑁 74𝑜 29′ 𝑊

SOLUTION:
N
B N
C
𝑜 ′
82 23

44.83 𝑚
N 𝜃𝐶𝐸
𝐿𝐶𝐸 𝜃𝐶𝐷 N
15𝑜 30′ 𝐶𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒

N D
A 74𝑜 29′

𝜃𝐷𝐸
E

1. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒

𝐶𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐸
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝐸𝐴𝐵𝐶

Length
Line (meter) Bearing Latitude Departure

𝐿𝐶𝐸 = √(61.55)2 + (39.90)2 = 73.35 𝑚

o
EA 50 N 74 30' E 13.36 -48.18
N 15o 30' E 39.90
AB 60 57.82 16.03 𝜃𝐶𝐸 = tan−1 ( ) = 32𝑜 57′
BC 72.69 S 82o 23' E -9.63 72.05 61.55
CE -61.55 -39.90 𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔: 𝑆 32𝑜 57′ 𝑊
Sum 0 0

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 8
2. 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝐶𝐷𝐸
N

44.83 𝑚

𝜃𝐶𝐷
N
𝐶𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒
𝜆
𝑜
30′
𝛽15 D
N 𝜌

𝜃𝐷𝐸

E
15𝑜 30′

3. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒𝑠

𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑤

(73.35 𝑚)2 + (44.83 𝑚)2 − (59.57 𝑚)2

𝜆 = cos−1 [ ] = 54𝑜 16′
2(73.35 𝑚)(44.83 𝑚)

(59.57 𝑚)2 + (44.83 𝑚)2 − (73.35 𝑚)2

𝛽 = cos −1 [ ] = 88𝑜 5′
2(59.57 𝑚)(44.83 𝑚)

(59.57 𝑚)2 + ( 73.35 𝑚)2 − (44.83 𝑚)2

𝜌 = cos−1 [ ] = 37𝑜 39′
2(59.57 𝑚)(73.35 𝑚)

𝐶ℎ𝑒𝑐𝑘:
𝜆 + 𝛽 + 𝜌 = 180𝑜
180𝑜 = 180𝑜 ; 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑂𝐾!
4. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐷 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝐷𝐸

𝜃𝐶𝐷 = 54𝑜 16′ − 32𝑜 57′ = 21𝑜 19′

𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐶𝐷: 𝑆 21𝑜 19′ 𝐸

𝜃𝐷𝐸 = 180𝑜 − (88𝑜 5′ + 21𝑜 19′ ) = 70𝑜 36′

𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑓 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐷𝐸: 𝑆 70𝑜 36′ 𝑊

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 9
OMITTED MEASUREMENTS INVOLVING TWO NON-ADJOINING SIDES

Line Length Bearing

AB 60 m 𝑁 15𝑜 30′ 𝐸
BC 72.69 ___________
CD 44.83 𝑆 21𝑜 19′ 𝐸
DE _____ 𝑆 70𝑜 36′ 𝑊
EA 50 𝑁 74𝑜 29′ 𝑊

B N
b
C

a c
N
21𝑜 19′ N
15𝑜 30′

A N
74𝑜 29′ 70𝑜 36′ D
e d
E

Tarlac State University CE 313: Surveying 1 Prepared by:

College of Engineering Engr. Randy G. Policarpio
Topic: Omitted Measurements
Civil Engineering Department page: 10